35. GREAT WALTHAM. (F.b.)
(O.S. 6 in. (a)xxxiii. N.W. (b)xxxiii. S.W. (c)xxxiii.
S.E. (d)xliii. N.E.)
Great Waltham is a large parish with a village
and four hamlets, 4½ m. N. of Chelmsford. The
principal monuments are the Church, Black
Chapel, Langleys, Fitzjohn's Farm and the Green
Man Inn, besides which there are an unusually
large number of mediaeval houses.
Ecclesiastical
d(1). Parish Church of St. Mary and St.
Laurence stands in the village. The walls are
of flint and pebble-rubble, with some pieces of
puddingstone and freestone in the W. tower;
the dressings are partly of limestone and partly
of Roman and later brick; the roofs of the nave
and chancel are covered with slates, those of the
aisles and tower are leaded. The Chancel, Nave
and West Tower were built c. 1100. The South
Aisle was added probably in the 14th century;
early in the 15th century the chancel-arch was
probably re-built or widened and a rood-stair
added. About 1520–30 the S. arcade was re-built
and the clearstorey of the nave raised; at the
same time or shortly afterwards the South Porch
was added. In the first half or middle of the 17th
century the clearstorey of the nave was repaired
with brick or possibly re-built, and a clearstorey
was added to the chancel. In 1684 the tower is
said to have been heightened to enclose an octagonal
bell-chamber. In 1798 the S.W. stair-turret of
the W. tower is said to have fallen out, In 1863
the S. porch was almost entirely re-built and the
whole church restored. The North Aisle was
added in 1875, and in 1890 the North Vestry
was built possibly on the site of an earlier one.
Between 1891 and 1899 further restorations were
carried out, including the rebuilding of the chancel
arch and the partial rebuilding of the S. porch.
The richly engraved 16th-century paten is of
unusual type, and the roofs and seating are noteworthy.
The Church, Plan
Architectural Description—The Chancel (33½ ft.
by 27 ft.) has at the S.E. angle quoins partly of
limestone with diagonal tooling and partly of
Roman bricks, with 16th or 17th-century bricks
above; the N.E. angle is apparently similar but
is covered with ivy. In the E. wall is a modern
window; S. of it is the semi-circular head of a
late 11th or 12th-century window, now blocked,
of Roman bricks; there are said to be traces of a
similar window under the ivy N. of the E. window.
In the N. wall is a window, all modern except the
moulded jambs, two-centred arch and label with
beast-stops, which are probably of late 14th-century date; further E., opening into the N.
vestry, is a late 14th or early 15th-century doorway
with moulded jambs and two-centred arch in a
square head with a moulded label; the traceried
spandrels include a rose in a quatrefoil; on the
N. side is an oak lintel. In the S. wall are three
windows, all modern except the splays and rear-arches, which are of the 14th or 15th century;
under the middle window is a modern doorway.
The clearstorey has in each of the N. and S. walls
three windows, all modern externally and with
plastered splays. The late 14th or early 15th-century chancel-arch was re-built, largely with the
old stones, in 1894; it is two-centred and moulded
and has splayed jambs each with an attached
shaft having a moulded capital and defaced base.
The Nave (69 ft. by 32 ft.) has at the N.W.
angle quoins similar to those of the chancel, and
there are Roman bricks at the S.E. angle. In the
E. wall, N. of the chancel arch, is a slight projection about 6 ft. high with one hook of the hinge
of a former doorway to a rood-loft. The N.
arcade is modern, the S. arcade is of c. 1530;
the arches are segmental-pointed and of two
chamfered orders, and the piers have attached
shafts with roughly moulded capitals and bases.
The clearstorey has on each side four windows;
those on the N. are modern, those on the S. are
probably of early 16th-century date, much restored,
and are each of two cinque-foiled lights under a
square head with a moulded label.
The North Aisle is a modern addition.
The South Aisle (14 ft. wide) has a window
both in the E. and the W. walls, and three windows
in the S. wall; they are all modern except for the
segmental-pointed rear-arches and some stones
in the splays, which are probably of the 14th
century. W. of the windows in the S. wall is the
S. doorway, probably of late 14th-century date,
with moulded jambs and two-centred arch and a
moulded label with defaced head-stops.
The West Tower (17 ft. square) is of four stages
with modern parapet and E. buttresses and a
modern facing, containing some old worked stones
on the lower stages of the W. wall. The tower-arch is probably of late 12th or early 13th-century
date; it is plain and two-centred with restored
chamfered imposts and diagonal tooling on the
voussoirs. In both the N. and S. walls is an
early 12th-century round-headed window; internally across the S.W. angle is a 12th-century
round-headed doorway to the stair-turret; it has
chamfered jambs and imposts. The W. window
is modern except for the semi-circular rear-arch and
parts of the splays, which are probably of the 12th
century; below it is the modern W. doorway.
The second stage has a modern window in the
S. wall. The fourth stage or bell-chamber has
in each wall a window, all modern except for some
old stones re-used in the splays.
The Roof of the nave is of early 16th-century
date and is of four bays divided by moulded tiebeams of which the easternmost is also embattled;
each bay is sub-divided by a hammer-beam truss
carved with an angel; the curved braces which
support the hammer and tie-beams have their
spandrels carved with faces, foliage, Tudor roses,
etc., and two of them are carried on angel-corbels
of wood; the curved principals of the bays and
sub-bays form a four-centred arch under a collar-beam ceiling with chamfered purlins; the wall-plates are moulded. The flat and lean-to roof
of the S. aisle is of early 16th-century date and of
five bays with purlin, wall-plates, principal and
intermediate rafters chamfered or moulded; some
of them have bosses carved with grotesque faces
and repainted shields of arms, a bend engrailed
between six roses, and a fesse dancetty. The flat
roof of the S. porch is probably of early 16th-century date and has moulded joists, principal
rafter and purlin.
Fittings—Bells and Bell-frame. Bells: eight;
4th by John Waldegrave, early 15th-century, with
inscription, "Nomen Magdalene Terit Campana
Melodie"; 5th by Roberte Mot, 1581; 6th inscribed in capitals with "Hoc signum serva Xp~e
Maria Thoma", probably by Peter de Weston or
William Revel, mid 14th-century; 8th by John
Hodson, 1663. Bell-frame: In W. tower—carried
up from the ground-floor pavement, probably
17th-century. Book: In case by pulpit, reprint
of Elizabethan Book of Homilies, 1683. Brasses:
In nave—(1) of Richard Everard, 1617, and
Clemence, his wife, 1611, the figures of man and
wife engraved on plates, with inscription and
five shields of arms. In N. aisle—(2) of Thomas
Wyseman, c. 1580, in civil dress with figure of
one wife and indent of another, now lost, together
with an inscription plate and the figures of male
children; mutilated brass of three female children,
and a shield of arms; (3) of a man in civil dress,
late 16th-century, inscription missing; (4) to
Dorothie, wife of Thomas Wyseman, 1589, inscription only. Chair: In chancel—moulded
head and legs and curved arm-rests, all of the
17th century, with a back panel, probably of early
16th-century date, elaborately carved with a
helmeted head within a wreath. Door: In chancel
—in doorway to N. vestry, with vertical overlapping battens, square studs, carved strap-hinges,
enriched handle with traceried circular plate,
all of the 15th century re-set. Glass: In N. aisle
—in lights at back of Everard monument, two
shields with enriched borders, one shield modern,
the other with the Everard arms, early 17th-century. In S. aisle—in W. window, seven shields
of arms of late 14th-century date, partly restored,
said to have come from Pleshey: (a), (b) and
(c) Bohun, of Northampton, (d) France ancient and
England quarterly (Plate p. xxxvi.), (f) See of Ely,
(g) gules, three bezants, a label of five points, azure.
Monuments and Floor-slabs. Monuments: In N. aisle
—against N. wall (1) of Sir Anthony Everard, 1614,
and Anne (Barnardiston), 1609, his wife (Plate
p. 102); alabaster figures of man in armour and,
at a lower level, on a panelled pedestal, his wife,
both reclining with their right elbows on enriched
cushions; the figures are in a round-headed recess
with a coffered soffit and carved spandrels and
jambs, each with a shield of arms; round the
face of the arch are fourteen shields of arms;
at the back of the recess are two round-headed
windows enriched with carved flowers, a crowned
skull, etc.; on the moulded cornice over the arch
is an achievement of arms flanked by two shields
of arms; on a bracket above is a carved cartouche
of arms; there are extensive remains of colouring;
on floor in front, two small pedestals with recumbent figures of naked boys (Plate p. 102). In S.
aisle—on S. wall, (2) to Hugh Everard, 1703,
marble tablet with achievement of arms and
bas-relief of a sinking ship. In the churchyard—
(3) to a man and his wife, 1671, name undecipherable. Floor-slabs: In chancel—(1) to Mary,
wife of John Sorell, 1652, and to her son John,
1674, with achievement of arms. In S. aisle—
(2) to Sir Hugh Everard, Bart., 1705–6, and to his
father, Sir Richard Everard, Bart., 1694, with
achievement of arms; (3) to Hugh Everard and
Mary, his wife, 1637. Panelling: In N. vestry,
sixteen panels said to have come from the former
pulpit, late 16th or early 17th-century. Piscina:
In S. aisle—with octofoiled basin, cinque-foiled
ogee head and chamfered jambs, 14th-century,
label modern. Plate: includes silver-gilt paten of
1521 (Plate p. xxxix), engraved with an irradiated
head of Christ, marginal black-letter inscription
"Benedicamus Patrem et Filium cum Sancto
Spiritu;" two cups of 1632, and a cover-paten
of the same date. Screen: In chancel—incorporated in reading-desk, two traceried heads,
probably from former screen, 15th-century. Seating:
In nave and aisles—on S. side, about thirty oak
seats of mid 15th-century date with moulded
back rail and traceried panels at each end; one
seat has at the back thirteen traceried panels
separated by narrow moulded pilaster-strips,
some partly restored. Stoup: In S. porch—E.
of S. doorway, circular basin and cinque-foiled
head, late 14th-century.
Condition—Good, except for cracks in the E.
wall of the chancel; much restored.
a(2). Black Chapel (Plate p. 186) stands at
North End, about 3½ m. N.W. of the parish
church of Great Waltham and 1½ m. N.N.W. of
Ford End Church. The walls are of timber-framing and rough-cast; the roofs are tiled. It
was built probably late in the 15th century with
a Chancel, Nave, and a House, probably for a
chaplain, at the W. end with a wing extending
towards the N.; the North Aisle and Vestry and
the North West Wing of the house are modern.
The building is interesting on account of its
construction and as one of the few old chapels
remaining in Essex.
Black Chapel, Plan
Architectural Description—The Chancel (14 ft.
by 13 ft.) is of two bays divided by a highly
cambered tie-beam with curved brackets, all
chamfered. In each of the E., N., and S. walls
is a window with a modern wood-frame.
The Nave (40 ft. by 17 ft.) is divided into four
unequal bays by roof-trusses which are carried
on shaped and chamfered wall-posts; the former
tie-beams have been cut short and serve as hammerbeams with curved braces. In the S. wall are three
modern windows. Over the W. end is a weather-boarded bell-cote, with a window in each side,
and a pyramidal roof covered with lead.
The roof of the nave retains its original central
purlin, which has mortices for the former king-posts, etc.
Fittings of Chapel—Bell: one, inaccessible.
Chest: In nave—of oak, possibly of the 17th
century. Communion Table: with turned legs,
and carved consoles under the moulded top rails,
mid or late 17th-century. Communion Rails:
with turned balusters, probably early 18th-century.
Panelling: In nave—embodied in pew partition,
and another piece loose near pulpit, with moulded
rails and styles, early 17th-century. Royal Arms:
On wall above chancel screen, of Queen Anne,
painted on canvas in wood frame, with date 1714.
Screen: Between nave and chancel, of oak and
of late 15th or early 16th-century date; doorway
with traceried ogee head, flanked on the N. by three
and on the S. by four bays with smaller heads
but with similar tracery; the doorposts and N.
wall post are original and moulded; the middle
rail is moulded on the W. face, and below it are
closed panels, of which one has a traceried head
with a rose carved in the spandrels; the muntins
are moulded and have buttresses with moulded
offsets; the moulded cornice is embattled. Seating:
In nave—twelve benches of late 15th or early
16th-century date, with panelled standards having
chamfered or moulded styles, and moulded
buttresses, top-rails, and seat-backs; some have
book-boards. Some of the 18th or early 19th-century box-pews include fragments of similar
work re-used.
The House has exposed ceiling-beams, a wide
fireplace, and, in the E. wall of the N. wing, an
original window, now blocked, of two lights with
hollow-chamfered mullion and frame; in the W.
wall is a similar blocked window of three lights.
In the roof is an original window, now blocked,
of two lights with hollow-chamfered mullion and
frame; in the W. wall is a similar blocked window
of three lights. In the roof is an original king-post
truss.
Condition—Good, exterior much altered.
Secular
d(3). Homestead Moat, at Israel's Farm, about
1 m. W. of the church.
d(4). Humphrie's Farm, house and moat, 1,500
yards W.S.W. of the church. The House is of
two storeys, timber-framed and plastered; the
roofs are tiled. It was built probably late in the
16th century on an L-shaped plan with the wings
extending towards the E. and S. Early in the
17th century the S. wing was extended in brick.
On the N. front the upper storey projects and has
an eaves-cornice. The 17th-century extension
has original brick windows. Inside the building,
one room has an early 17th-century overmantel
with arcaded panels and fluted pilasters. The
chamfered ceiling-beams are original, and on the
first floor are two re-used moulded and cambered
tie-beams of the 15th century.
The Moat partly surrounds the house.
Condition—Of house, good.
d(5). Hedgehall, house and moat, about ¾ m.
S.S.W. of the church. The House is of two storeys,
timber-framed and weather-boarded; the roofs
are tiled. It was built early in the 17th century
and has an original chimney-stack with flat pilasters.
The Moat is W. of the house.
Condition—Of house, good.
c(6). Hyde Hall, house, barn and moat, about
1½ m. N.E. of the church. The House (Plate
p. 111) is of two storeys, timber-framed and
plastered; the roofs are tiled. It was built c.
1600. In front the upper storey projects and is
gabled; it has carved and moulded bressumers,
partly restored. The original chimney-stacks have
flat pilasters. Inside the building is an original
moulded ceiling-beam, two panelled doors, and
some original panelling; one room has also an
early 18th-century fireplace with a hunting scene
painted on the panel above it. The staircases
have both some original flat pierced balusters and
the main staircase has newels with turned heads.
The Barn, W. of the house, is perhaps of the
15th century and is of six bays with king-post
roof-trusses; the walls are weather-boarded and the
roof is thatched.
The Moat is fragmentary.
Condition—Of house, good.
a(7). Absolpark Farm, house, barn and moat,
nearly 1 m. N. of Black Chapel. The House is
of two storeys, timber-framed and plastered; the
roofs are tiled. It was built late in the 17th
century on a Z-shaped plan with the wings extending towards the N. and S. Inside the building
several rooms have open timbered ceilings, and in
the hall is an original cupboard with Doric pilasters.
The Barn, N. of the house, is of the 17th century
and of eleven bays with three porches; the walls
are weather-boarded and the roof is thatched.
The Moat N.E. of the house is well preserved.
Condition—Of house, good.
d(8). Langleys, house and outbuildings, 440
yards E.N.E. of the church. The House is of
three storeys; the walls are of brick and the
roofs are tiled. It was almost entirely re-built
in 1719 except the W. end of the N. cross-wing,
which is of early 17th-century date, refaced.
The ceilings and fireplaces are rich examples of
early 17th-century work.
Interior—The ground-floor room (Plate p. 106)
in the N. wing has a rich ceiling with flat ribs
dividing it in numerous multiform panels; the
ribs have running ornament of fruit and flowers
and the panels have strap-work, foliage enrichments and some shields with modern painted
arms. The stone fireplace in the N. wall has a
carved surround, flanked by terminal figures with
Ionic capitals supporting the carved shelf; the
overmantel is divided into two panels by terminal
figures, each panel having a large seated figure
probably representing Peace and Plenty. The
room above, on the first floor, has a ceiling (Plate
p. 107) similar to that below, but of segmental
waggon form and with four moulded pendants
down the middle; the tympana at the ends of the
room have a seated figure of Doctrina and the
arms of Tufnell respectively, both probably of
early 18th-century date. The fireplace is similar
in general character to that below, but the overmantel forms one large panel with a cartouche
in the middle carved with a figure-subject,
probably Tobias and the Fish; round the cartouche
are grouped five female figures with various
attributes.
The Stables and Cow House, N.E. of the house,
are both of early 17th-century date; the walls
are of red brick and the roofs are tiled. The
stable has two original gabled dormers and the
cow house has many original windows with plain
brick labels. In the rockery, S.E. of the house, are
a number of worked stones, some from the church,
and including a bowl perhaps a stoup. There is
also an octagonal font bowl, probably of the 15th
century, which may have come from Pleshey
Church.
Condition—Of house, good.
Monuments (9–85).
The following monuments, unless otherwise
described, are of the 17th century and of two
storeys, timber-framed and plastered or weather-boarded; the roofs are tiled or thatched. Many
of the buildings have original chimney-stacks,
wide fireplaces and exposed ceiling-beams.
Condition—Good, or fairly good, unless noted.
d(9). Wallops, house, 160 yards E. of the church,
has been almost completely altered, but incorporates
an early 16th-century building with original
open-timbered ceilings with moulded beams and
joists. A former projecting upper storey has been
under-built.
d(10). House and shop (Plate p. 129), 20 yards
E. of the church, was built c. 1580 on a half H-shaped plan with the wings extending towards
the E. The space between them is now filled
by a modern addition.
The house is interesting as a complete Elizabethan
building, with good chimney-stacks.
The E. front has brick walls to the ends of the
wings, and from each gable rises an original chimney-stack, each with two shafts having moulded caps
and bases; each stack has an ornamental plaster
panel. At the S. end of the main block is a similar
chimney-stack. On the W. side there are two
old panelled doors. Inside the building a room
in the main block has above the fireplace a quartered
shield of arms in plaster and a rhinoceros. On
the first floor, one room has an original fireplace
with chamfered jambs and three-centred head
above which is an ornamental plaster panel between
two garbs. In the N. wall is a blocked original
window of two lights with a moulded mullion.
d(11). Range of three tenements on S. of church-yard (Plate p. 110). The middle part with the
cross-wing at the W. end were built probably early
in the 16th century; the site of the E. cross-wing
is occupied by a 17th-century extension. The
central chimney-stack has 17th-century diagonal
pilasters. On the N. side the upper storey projects
at the end of the cross-wing.
d(12). Six Bells Inn (Plate p. 110), W. of (11),
was built probably in the 15th century with a
central block and cross-wings at the E. and W. ends.
There are large modern additions on the S. and W.
sides. A gable at the S. end has an original
moulded barge-board. On the N. side, the upper
storey projects at the end of the W. cross-wing
and has an original moulded bressumer. Inside
the building, on the first floor, is some 17th-century
panelling and a blocked window probably of the
same date. Two original cambered tie-beams are
visible in the roof.
d(13). House and shop, opposite (12), has extensive additions of 1700 on the W. and N.
d(14). House (Plate p. 44), now two tenements,
on the N. side of Barrack Lane, 120 yards W.N.W.
of the church. It was built early in the 16th
century with cross-wings at the E. and W. ends.
On the S. front the upper storey of the main block
and the E. wing projects. The original doorway
has a four-centred head and carved spandrels
with an embattled cornice. The timber-framing
is partly exposed in front and at the E. end. Inside the building are some original moulded and
carved beams, and the roofs of the main block and
both cross-wings have original king-post trusses.
(Plate p. 114).
d(15). Cottage, two tenements, 50 yards E. of
(14).
(16). House and shop, on the W. side of High
Street, 70 yards N.W. of the church, has an 18th-century wing on the N. The upper storey projects
at the back of the main block and has a piece of
re-used ornamental fascia.
d(17). House, three tenements and shop, N. of
(16), has a modern wing at the back.
d(18). House, on the E. side of High Street,
120 yards N. of the church.
d(19). House, 20 yards N. of (18), was built
in the 15th century with a central Hall and crosswings at the N. and S. ends. The Hall was divided
into two storeys late in the 16th century and there
are modern additions at the back. Inside the
building, the roofs of both cross-wings have original
king-post trusses.
d(20). Range of three cottages, on the S. side of
S. Street, 360 yards S.S.W. of the church.
Condition—Poor.
d(21). House (Plate p. 96), formerly Ashcote
Farm and now two tenements, 220 yards W. of
(20), was built in the 15th century with a central
Hall and cross-wings at the E. and W. ends. The
W. cross-wing with part of the Hall block has
been destroyed. Inside the building, the former
Hall has an original king-post truss with curved
braces forming a four-centred arch and chamfered
wall-posts with corbelled heads. The cross-wing
has shaped wall-posts.
d(22). Clark's Cottages, 650 yards W.S.W. of
(21), incorporates a small gabled wing which may
be of the 15th century.
d(23). Fanner's Farm, house, now three tenements, about 1¼ m. S.W. of the church, was built
in the 15th century with cross-wings at the S.E.
and N.W. ends, but the N.W. wing has been
destroyed. The upper storey projects at the front
of the S.E. wing. Inside the building two original
cambered tie-beams are visible in the cross-wing.
d(24). Garnett's Farm, house, about 1 m. W. of
the church, was built probably in the 15th century,
with a central Hall and cross-wings at the E. and
W. ends. The Hall was divided into two storeys
probably late in the 16th century, and the W.
cross-wing has been replaced by a short continuation of the Hall block. On the S. front, the upper
storey projects at the end of the cross-wing, and
below it is the moulded head of an original window
probably of seven lights. Inside the building,
in the cross-wing is an original moulded bressumer
re-used. On the first floor are two original
cambered tie-beams, that in the former Hall being
partly smoke blackened.
d(25). Fitzjohn's Farm (Plate p. 111), house,
½ m. N.W. of (24), was built in the 15th century
with a central Hall and cross-wings at the N. and
S. ends. Late in the 16th century the Hall was
divided into two storeys and two gables built on
the E. side.
The house has interesting remains of the original
roof, doorways, etc., and 16th-century carved
barge-boards.
The E. front has four gables all with late 16th-century carved barge-boards with moulded pendants,
at the tops. Between the storeys of the main
block are remains of a band of ornamental pargeting. Several windows have 17th-century
moulded frames and a late 16th-century doorway
has a segmental head and a door of eight panels.
The late 16th-century central chimney-stack has
grouped diagonal shafts. On the N. side there is
an original window of five transomed lights. At
the back is a late 16th-century window of three
transomed lights with a moulded mullion.
Interior—The former Hall has an original
central roof-truss with tie-beams and main collar
both with curved braces; the collar stands on
queen-posts and supports a king-post on which a
central purlin and secondary collar rest; the
truss has been much cut and altered. At the S.
end of the former Hall are two original doorways
with three-centred heads, and at the N. end is a
room lined with late 16th and early 17th-century
panelling and has a cupboard with cock's head
hinges. The cross-wings have both original
cambered tie-beams. The staircase between the
N. wing and the main block has a central newel
and oak steps. The building contains several
blocked windows mostly of the 16th century.
The Outbuildings, W. of the house, are probably
of the 17th century and have a staircase of solid
oak balks. S. of the house is a dove-house, probably
also of the 17th century.
d(26). High Houses, four tenements, 800 yards
W. of the church, are said to have been reconstructed from 16th-century material. Inside the
building are some moulded ceiling-beams and the
roof has tie-beams, collars and wind-braced purlins.
d(27). Waltham Bury, house, 1,100 yards N.W.
of the church, is perhaps of the 16th century,
but has been much altered. Inside the building is
an original cambered tie-beam and evidence of a
former projecting upper storey, now under-built.
b(28). Oak Farm, house, now two tenements,
in Croft Lane, nearly 2 m. N.W. of the church.
Inside the building are two original fireplaces
with four-centred heads.
c(29). Dina's Farm, cottage, 350 yards N.E.
of (28), was built probably early in the 18th-century.
b(30). House, at Rolphy Green, ¼ m. N. of (29),
was built probably in the 15th century with a
cross-wing at the N. end. The other cross-wing
has been altered or re-built. Inside the building
are some original moulded joists and four windows
with diamond-shaped mullions, and now blocked.
The roof of the N. wing has an original king-post
truss.
c(31). Cottage, at Ringtail Green, about 2 m.
N.N.W. of the church.
Ford End
c(32). Cottage, 150 yards E.S.E. of Ford End
church.
c(33). Cottage, 50 yards N.N.W. of (32).
c(34). Cottage, now two tenements, 40 yards
N.E. of (33).
c(35). Hill Farm, house, 150 yards N. of (34),
was built early in the 16th century but has a late
16th-century extension on the N. At the back
is a chimney-stack with moulded weatherings and
a gable with moulded barge-boards. Inside the
building are two original doorways with four-centred heads and a late 16th-century window,
now blocked, and with moulded mullions. The
roof of the main block has two original moulded
and cambered tie-beams resting on moulded posts.
c(36). House, 80 yards S.W. of Ford End church,
was built in the 15th century and originally had
cross-wings at the S.E. and N.W. ends, but these
are now under one roof with the main building.
Inside the building are remains of the original roof.
c(37). House, on Sandon Hill, 100 yards W.N.W.
of Ford End church.
c(38). House, now two tenements, ¼ m. N.W.
of (37), has been refronted with red brick. An
original chimney-stack has a cross-shaped shaft,
set diagonally. Another chimney-stack has remains
of crow-stepped buttresses.
b(39). Wall Farm, house, 550 yards W. of (38),
has an original cross-shaped chimney-shaft, set
diagonally.
North End
a(40). Cottage, two tenements, 350 yards N.N.E.
of Black Chapel, has an original central chimney-stack with flat pilasters.
a(41). Cottage, two tenements, 40 yards N.E. of
(40).
a(42). Cottage, two tenements, on the N. side
of the road, 50 yards N. of (41), was built late in
the 16th century and has a cross-wing at the N.E.
end.
a(43). Cottage, two tenements, 70 yards E.N.E.
of (42), was built early in the 16th century. Inside
the building are two original cambered tie-beams.
a(44). Northend Place, house and barns, nearly
½ m. N.E. of Black Chapel. Most of the existing
House appears to have been late 16th-century
additions to an earlier house, now destroyed;
there is a 17th-century addition at the N.E. angle.
One chimney-stack has two 17th-century shafts
set diagonally. Inside the building is an original
doorway with a four-centred head and sunk
spandrels, and also original windows, now blocked.
The Barns, N.E. of the house, are of late 16th-century date.
a(45). Brook Farm (Plate p. 129), house, 250
yards W.N.W. of (44), was built in the 15th
century and altered in the 16th century; it has
cross-wings at the N. and S. ends, and the upper
storey projects on the whole of the E. front on
curved brackets. The 16th-century central chimney-stack has four octagonal shafts on a square base.
Inside the house are original joists laid flatwise,
and several 16th-century doors, one with linenfold panelling.
a(46). House, opposite Bennet's Farm and ¼ m.
N.W. of (45), was built in the 15th century with a
cross-wing at the W. end. The upper storey
projects at both ends of the cross-wing. Inside
the building, the cross-wing has an original king-post truss.
a(47). Greenend Farm, house, 700 yards N.W.
of Black Chapel, has been refronted with modern
brick.
c(48). Great Appletrees Farm, house, about 2 m.
N.N.W. of the parish church. The N.W. cross-wing is of the 15th century, but the main block
has been either re-built or much altered. Inside
the building, the cross-wing has an original cambered
tie-beam.
c(49). Crowgate, cottage, 270 yards S.E. of (48).
Condition—Bad.
c(50). Littley park, house, about 2½ m. N. of the
parish church, appears to have been originally a
range of outbuildings belonging to a larger house.
The main block is probably of early 16th-century
date and the S. wing was added late in the same
century. The chimney-stack of the S. wing has
three grouped diagonal shafts. Inside the building,
the main block has parts of an original king-post
roof, and at the foot of the stairs is a doorway with
a four-centred head. In the S. wing is a 16th-century fireplace of brick with chamfered jambs
and four-centred head; above it is an enriched
panel of brick with a shield of arms, a fesse with
three roundels in chief.
Littley Green
c(51). Cottage, two tenements, 350 yards S.S.W.
of Littley Green church.
c(52). Butler's Hall, house and barn, opposite
Littley Green church.
c(53). Cottage, 70 yards N. of (52).
c(54). Cottage, 30 yards N. of (53), was built
probably early in the 18th century.
c(55). House, two tenements, E. of (54), has an
original chimney-stack with two conjoined octagonal
shafts.
c(56). Cottage, about ½ m. E. of (50), on border
of the parish.
c(57). Old Shaw's Farm, house, about 2 m.
N.N.E. of the parish church, incorporates part
of a late 16th-century house.
c(58). Liberty Hall, about 2 m. N.E. of the parish
church, was built in the 15th century. Inside
the building are some original windows with
diamond-shaped mullions and now blocked. The
roof is of three bays with original king-post trusses.
c(59). Bailey's Farm, house, about 1¾ m. N.E.
of the parish church, was built late in the 16th
century and has been refronted with early 18th-century brickwork. The original central chimney-stack has diagonal pilaster strips; the N.E.
chimney-stack has tabled offsets and two diagonal
shafts. Inside the building are some original
moulded ceiling-beams.
c(60). Range of four tenements, 400 yards S.
of (6). The S.W. half is modern.
c(61). Cottage, two tenements, opposite Wellhouse Farm and nearly 1½ m. N.N.E. of the parish
church.
c(62). Cottage, two tenements, 140 yards S.S.W.
of (61), has one wing of the 15th century with a
projecting upper storey and an original king-post roof-truss.
c(63). Hillhouse Farm, house, now two tenements,
50 yards S. of (62), was built in the second half
of the 16th century with cross-wings at the N.
and S. ends. On the E. front the upper storey
projects at the ends of the cross-wings. The original
central chimney-stack has two shafts, set diagonally.
One window in front has original moulded mullions.
Inside the building are several original windows,
now blocked, and an original fireplace with a four-centred arch. The staircase has an original
newel with a turned head, and one door has
ornamental strap-hinges. There is also some early
17th-century panelling in the front rooms.
c(64). Chalk Farm, house, 300 yards S. of (63),
was built late in the 16th century with crosswings at the N.E. and S.W. ends. On the N.W.
front the upper storey projects at the end of the
N.E. cross-wing. The original central chimney-stack has diagonal pilaster strips. Inside the
building is a little original panelling and a fireplace
with a three-centred arch.
c(65). The Nursery, cottage, 260 yards S.S.W.
of (64).
How Street
c(66). Howstreet Mill, house and mill, 1 m. N.
of the church.
c(67). House, now three tenements, 220 yards
W. of (66).
c(68). House, 250 yards S.E. of (67), was built
late in the 15th or early in the 16th century and
has late 16th-century additions at the back. The
main block is now covered by one roof. The S.
chimney-stack has two 17th-century diagonal
shafts. Inside the building is a considerable
amount of original linen-fold and some later
panelling. There is also a blocked window with
moulded mullions, some old doors with ornamental
strap-hinges and some remains of the original
king-post roof construction.
c(69). Green Man Inn, 160 yards S.E. of (68),
was built in the 14th century with a central Hall
and cross-wings at the N. and S. ends. Early
in the 17th century the Hall was divided into two
storeys. There are modern additions at the
back and S. end and the main block has been
refronted with brick. Inside the building, the
Hall was of two bays with a central roof-truss;
this has an original octagonal king-post with a
moulded capital and curved four-way struts.
The N. cross-wing has also a king-post roof-truss
of plain character but probably original.
c(70). House (Plate p. 97), now two tenements,
80 yards S. of (68), and on the W. side of the road,
was built in the 15th century, with cross-wings
at the N. and S. ends. On the E. front the upper
storey projects at the end of the S. cross-wing.
d(71). Cottage, two tenements, on the W. side
of the road, 150 yards S.E. of (69), was built late
in the 15th century, with cross-wings at the N.W.
and S.E. ends; the whole is now under one roof.
In the 17th century the Hall was divided into
two storeys. Inside the building are the cambered
tie-beams of the original roofs; that in the former
Hall has curved braces forming a four-centred
arch. The middle staircase has solid oak treads
probably original but not in situ. One blocked
window has original diamond-shaped mullions.
d(72). Cottage, two tenements, S. of (71), has
plastering in front, dated 1799.
d(73). House (Plate p. 110), now two tenements,
30 yards S. of (72), was built in the 15th century,
with cross-wings at the N. and S. ends. The Hall
was divided into two storeys probably in 1623. On
the E. front the upper storey projects at the ends
of the cross-wings. The N. wing has moulded
barge-boards of the 17th century. At the end
of the S. wing are the head and moulded sill of an
original window. Inside the building in the
former "screens" is an original doorway with
moulded jambs and four-centred arch. Next to
the central chimney-stack is a doorway with the
date and initials 1623 RBF carved on the lintel;
the room N. of the stack has moulded ceiling-beams. The roof of the former Hall has an
original truss with curved braces and a king-post
with a chamfered base. The S. wing has an original
cambered tie-beam and a staircase with some flat
shaped balusters of the 17th century.
d(74). House, now three tenements, 150 yards
E.S.E. of (73), was built in the 15th century, with
cross-wings at the N.E. and S.W. ends. In the
16th century the Hall was divided into two storeys
and the N.E. cross-wing included under the same
roof. Inside the building, in the N.W. wall of the
former Hall is an original doorway to the former
'screens' with a four-centred head and now
blocked. The roof has an original truss with curved
braces and rebated king-post. The S.W. wing
has two rough tie-beams in the roof.
d(75). House, now two tenements, 50 yards
S.W. of (74), was built probably in the 15th
century but an upper floor and two gables were
inserted in the main block in the 16th century.
Inside the building, several original cambered
tie-beams remain.
d(76). House, now two tenements, on the S.E.
side of the road 50 yards S. of (75), was built in
the 16th century and has the original roof with tiebeams, collars, purlins and wind-braces.
d(77). Langleys Cottage, 120 yards S.W. of (76),
was built possibly in the 15th century, with crosswings at the E. and W. ends; it has been refronted
with brick and much altered. Inside the building
are two original cambered tie-beams.
d(78). Chatham Hall, 1,100 yards E.N.E. of the
parish church, was built in the 15th century
and of this house the S. cross-wing and part of the
Hall-block remain. Inside the building, the S.
wing has original king-post roof-trusses. Above
a fireplace in the Hall block is a crudely painted
cartouche of the Rich arms with an Earl's
coronet.
d(79). White Hart Inn, 1,400 yards E.S.E. of the
parish church, incorporates a 17th-century house
but has been entirely altered externally.
d(80). House, now three tenements, 300 yards
S.S.W. of (79), was built in the 15th century, with
a cross-wing at the S. end. The Hall was divided
into two storeys, probably in the 17th century.
Inside the building, the original king-post truss
remains in the S. wing and there are remains of the
original roof in the main block.
d(81). Ball's Farm, house, 1,100 yards S.S.E.
of the parish church, was built in the 15th century,
with cross-wings at the E. and W. ends. The Hall
was divided into two storeys probably in the 17th
century. Inside the building, the W. wing has
an original king-post truss and original cambered
tie-beams remain in the E. wing and in the main
block.
d(82). House, now three tenements, at Minor
End, ½ m. S.E. of the parish church.
d(83). Cottage, two tenements, 100 yards N.N.W.
of (82), has four original cambered tie-beams in
the roof.
d(84). Rose and Crown Inn, N. of (83), was
built probably in the 16th century. Inside the
building is an original window with moulded
mullion and now blocked.
d(85). Cottage, two tenements, 200 yards N.W.
of (84).