AN INVENTORY OF THE ANCIENT AND HISTORICAL MONUMENTS
IN SOUTH-WEST HEREFORDSHIRE
ACCREDITED TO A DATE BEFORE 1714
Arranged by Parishes
(Unless otherwise stated, the dimensions given in the Inventory are internal. Monuments with titles
printed in italics are covered by an introductory sentence to which reference should be made. The
key-plans of those churches which are not illustrated by hatched plans are drawn to a uniform scale
of 48 ft. to the inch, with the monumental portions shown in solid black.)
1 ABBEY DORE (B.c.)
(O.S. 6 in. (a)XXXVIII, S.E., (b)XXXVIII, S.W.,
(c)XLIV, N.E., (d)XLIV, N.W., (e)XXXIX, S.W.)
Abbey Dore is a large parish 10 m. S.W. of Hereford.
The principal monuments are the Abbey and Grange
Farm.
Roman
c(1). In the station yard in 1908 the surface of the
Roman main road from Kenchester to Abergavenny
was exposed for a length of about 30 ft. It was 12 ft.
9 in. wide, and consisted of "unworked nodular limestone hand-pitched on the virgin soil (a hard red marl).
There was no sign of a concrete bed or any cementing
material between the stones, which were of all sizes,
varying from 3 to 12 in. in their longest diameter.
The road was not kerbed. . . . The tracks made by
the wheels of the vehicles (4 ft. 6 in. gauge) were not
in the centre of the road but well to one side" (Woolhope Club Trans., 1908–1911, 70; Arch. Camb., ix, 1909).
Ecclesiastical
c(2). Parish Church of St. Mary, formerly Dore
Abbey (Plate 73), stands near the right bank of the river
Dore and on the S. border of the parish. The walls
generally are of local sandstone; the dressings are of the
same material and of hard grey and gritty limestone; the
roofs are covered with stone slates and lead. An Abbey
of Cistercian monks, from Morimond, was founded here
by Robert Fitz Harold of Ewyas, a grandson of William I,
about 1147, but none of the worked stones extant
appears to be of that date, so that it may be assumed that
the first church to be erected was of a temporary character
and that most of the walls as they appear to-day are the
results of later rebuildings and enlargements. The
building of the abbey appears to have been practically
continuous from the middle of the 12th century until
about 1200 to 1210, and there is but little difference in
the mouldings and carvings, but the work may be
divided approximately into two or three periods. The
first rebuilding was begun about 1180 and included the
Presbytery, probably of two bays, the Crossing, North
and South Transepts, each of two bays with two small
chapels to the E. of each transept, and the building of
at least two bays of the Nave and North and South Aisles
was begun. The presbytery possibly belonged to the
earliest period and was left untouched while the
transepts, chapels, etc., were being added or remodelled,
but this rebuilding apparently was not quite continuous,
the S. transept being possibly a little later in date than
the N. transept, the vaulting to the former not being
finished until the 13th century. At the end of the
12th and beginning of the 13th century, the presbytery
was extended one bay farther eastward, the N. and S.
walls of the former E. bay were almost entirely re-built,
and the Aisles or Ambulatory were added. The
aisles were built from W. to E., and apparently when
completed were connected to the former inner chapels
of the transepts by the insertion of arches in the original
E. walls of the chapels; at the same time arches were
inserted in the N. and S. walls of the westernmost bay
of the presbytery, and the opening made between the
two S. chapels. From the details of many carved
stones now lying loose in the church it is evident that
the work went on well into the 13th century, the latest
part of it being the main vaulting which was subsequently destroyed. In 1260, Peter Aquablanca, Bishop
of Hereford, granted an indulgence (Journ. of Brit.
Archæological Assoc., XLI, 367) to those who contributed
to the completion of the church, and during the
episcopacy of Thomas Cantilupe (or Cantelow) (1275–
82) a consecration (Acta Sanct., Oct. 1,566) took place.
The abbey was suppressed in 1536, and the site and
buildings granted to John Scudamore (Mon. Angl.,
V, 553); in 1633 his descendant John, Viscount
Scudamore restored the eastern arm and transepts for
use as a parish church. The main vaulting by the
17th century had probably fallen or become too unsafe
to be retained and was replaced by Lord Scudamore
with the present wood roofs and ceilings. The roofs
above the vaulting of the ambulatory were altered at
the same time. The walls originally had a series of
gables above the windows standing up above the eaves-cornice, the upper halves of these gables were cut off
and the walls between them were heightened and the
wall finished with a continuous eaves. Lord Scudamore also erected the present Tower above the westernmost bay of the S. aisle of the presbytery and filled in
the W. arches of the crossing and transepts, in both
cases re-using material gathered from the destroyed
parts of the abbey. The building was reconsecrated
on Palm Sunday, March 30th, 1634. From 1895 to
1904, a restoration of the church was carried out
under the direction of Mr. Roland W. Paul, who at the
same time excavated the site and discovered the complete plan of the church, the site of the Chapter House
and other claustral buildings which lay to the N. of the
church. Most of the work then excavated was covered
up again.
The church is an interesting example, not only of its
period, but as a conventual church of the Cistercian
Order. Among the fittings, the ironwork on the N.
doorway, the effigies, tiles, pulpit, screen and painted
glass are all noteworthy.
Architectural Description—The Presbytery (51 ft. by
28 ft.) externally is mostly of local red sandstone. In
the gable of the E. wall are two blocked 17th-century
lancets and the side walls have a corbel-table below the
eaves, but only a few of the corbels are old. The
walling inside is partly of limestone-ashlar and partly
of rubble. The E. wall (Plate 74) has an arcade of three
bays with two-centred arches of three moulded orders
with a moulded label towards the presbytery and a single
chamfered outer order towards the ambulatory; the
piers have triple attached shafts carrying the inner and
outer orders towards the W. and single shafts carrying
the middle order; the responds differ in having a
single instead of a triple shaft on the W. face; the
capitals to the shafts have moulded abaci with the bells
plain or carved with 'stiff-leaf' foliage, the arrangement varying in the different piers or responds; the
moulded bases are of the 'hold-water' type and have
chamfered sub-bases. Above the arcade is a string-course which is carried along the two eastern bays of
the presbytery. Above the string-course are three
graduated lancet-windows with jambs of two chamfered orders; the rear-arches and splays are elaborately
moulded, and the splays have each two detached shafts
with 'hold-water' bases and capitals carved with
'stiff-leaf' foliage carrying the two outer orders of the
rear-arches. Above the three lancets is a moulded
wall-rib of the former vaulting. The N. and S. walls
are each of three arcaded bays with the arches opening
into the aisles or ambulatory. The two eastern bays
have two-centred arches each of three moulded orders
with a moulded label and foliated stops towards the
presbytery and of two orders towards the aisle, the outer
order on the side towards the aisle being chamfered;
the outer orders on both sides are continuous, but the
inner order is carried on half-round attached shafts with
capitals carved with varying forms of 'stiff-leaf' foliage
and moulded bases; the western arch on each side is
two-centred, but is narrower than the other arches and
is of three continuous chamfered orders except in the
case of the S. arch, where the outer order is moulded
above the springing; the internal moulded string-course is set at a higher level above the two western
arches. In each bay above the arches is a lancet-window,
similar to those in the E. wall, but with only one free
shaft to the splays; all the sills externally are of a later
heightening and the sills of the two westernmost
windows are at a higher level than the others; the S.W.
window, although glazed, now opens into the tower.
Between the bays are attached triple vaulting-shafts
carried up through the string-course to support the
former vaulting; they have moulded bases and carved
capitals of similar character to those already described,
but while the abaci of the E. pair are round on plan, the
abaci of the W. pair are square; the westernmost pair
of shafts have an intermediate moulded string about
6 ft. above the floor cut off square on the wall E. of the
shaft, showing that it was formerly carried eastward
along the wall; the vaulting shaft in each of the two
E. angles is a plain single shaft with a carved 'stiff-leaf' capital finished, at the string-course level above
the arcades, with a pointed corbel and carved base.
The actual vault is now only represented by the
moulded wall-ribs and by the rough gaps where the
springers have been torn away.
The Ambulatory has a double E. walk (18 ft. wide),
and N. and S. walks (13½ ft. wide). Externally the
walls are divided into bays by wide, shallow buttresses
with splayed plinths surmounted by a roll-moulded
string-course which is continued round the walls.
The buttresses stop one course above the springing-level of the window-heads, and above them is a moulded
string-course enriched with billet-ornament and originally carried over the windows in a series of gables;
the tops of the gables have been destroyed for the
existing roof which has a plain continuous eaves.
The East Aisle (Plate 75) of the presbytery, or the E.
walk of the ambulatory, is five bays from N. to S. and two
bays in width. The eastern range of bays was formerly
divided into five small chapels separated from each
other by low partition walls about 6 ft. high, but these
have been cut away except at the ends where they meet
the piers and responds. Each bay is vaulted with a
quadripartite vault having moulded cross and diagonal
ribs, the cross ribs between the W. bays differing in
section from the others. The vaulting is carried by a
range of four piers, each consisting of a group of eight
round shafts with carved 'stiff-leaf' capitals (Plate 78)
of varying design; the abaci of those to the 2nd and 4th
piers from the N. are carved with fluting; all have 'holdwater' bases with chamfered sub-bases; the bases of
the three E. shafts in each pier are raised to stand on
the ends of the cross-walls which formerly divided the
chapels, as are also the corresponding responds against
the E. wall. All the responds have triple shafts, and
capitals and bases similar to those of the E. arcade of
the presbytery, except the W. responds opposite the
2nd and 4th piers, which are of much heavier detail on
plan and consist of three attached shafts separated by
broad splays. In the main angles of the ambulatory
are single vaulting-shafts, of which the abaci of the E.
shafts are square and those of the W. shafts are rounded.
Some of the carved foliage of the capitals is of acanthus-leaf form. In each of the five bays of the E. wall is a
lancet-window with jambs and head of two chamfered
orders and internally with a roll moulding at the angle
of the splays finished with a 'hold-water' base; each
window is set within a recess with moulded jambs and
two-centred arch. The bays of the N. and S. walls
have each a similar window, but not set in a recess.
The North Aisle of the presbytery or N. walk of the
ambulatory is of three vaulted bays W. of the E. aisle.
The two E. bays have quadripartite vaults with moulded
diagonal ribs all of the same section except one rib in
the second bay. The two eastern transverse arches are
each of two chamfered orders, the arch between the
2nd and 3rd bays differing slightly from the others in
having ornamental stops. The responds carrying the
two easternmost arches have a central half-round pier
flanked by two smaller nook-shafts, and the vaulting is
carried by similar nook-shafts, all with moulded bases
and capitals (Plate 78) similar to those of the presbytery-arcades; one vaulting-shaft in the second bay is missing.
The arch between the second and third bays is similar,
but has responds of the same section as the arch and
plain chamfered imposts. In the N. wall of each of these
two bays is a lancet window set in a recess all similar
to those in the E. wall of the E. ambulatory, but below
the window in the first bay is a mid 13th-century doorway, inserted in the earlier wall; it has moulded
jambs, two-centred head and moulded bases. The
third or westernmost bay has a quadripartite vault of
greater height than the others with moulded diagonal
ribs and a foliated boss. The ribs spring from corbel-capitals carved with 'stiff-leaf' foliage or scallops, and
square moulded abaci.
The South Aisle of the presbytery corresponds in
most respects with the N. aisle, but the responds to the
two eastern transverse arches and vaulting-shafts have
square abaci; the W. vaulting-shafts of the second bay
are missing. The westernmost bay is generally similar
to the corresponding bay in the N. aisle, but the
vaulting has no central boss and springs from vaulting-shafts with foliated caps and square abaci; the E. shafts
have 'hold-water' bases; the W. shafts have plain
square bases.
The Central Crossing (27½ ft. by 28 ft.) has on each
of its four sides high two-centred arches (Plate 77),
each of two orders, the inner and the outer on the outer
face chamfered and the outer order on the inner face,
moulded, except in the W. arch, where the outer order
on both sides is moulded; the responds have semi-octagonal central shafts taking the inner orders and
round attached shafts taking the outer orders on the
inside; the corresponding orders on the outer side are
carried by plain chamfered pilasters; all have square
moulded abaci and capitals carved with varying forms
of 'stiff-leaf' foliage except the pilasters, which have
rounded abaci and in some cases have no capitals;
the bases are all moulded, and some of the main shafts
have spur-ornaments. The E. half of the S. arch is
distorted owing to settlement, perhaps caused by the
building of the tower, and is patched at the apex and
supported by iron ties or bolts. The W. arch was
filled in, in the 17th century, only the outer order (on
both sides) being now visible; re-set in the filling is a
single-light window of 13th-century material with a
two-centred head and moulded splays and rear-arch.
The North Transept (28 ft. by 28 ft.) externally has a
corbel-table at the eaves of the E. wall continued round
from the presbytery. The N. wall is gabled, and is
surmounted by an old but broken gable-cross. There
is a lancet-window high up in the gable lighting the
roof span and below it a blocked, square-headed
doorway, with, on either side, the remains of two former
windows, visible only inside the transept roof-space;
the heads, which must have been higher than the
present roof-slope, have been destroyed. The walling
below the gable base-line has remains of plaster upon
it, and on the wall are the weather courses to two former
roofs of the dorter-range. At the foot of the wall
are the springing stones of the former barrel-vault. At
the W. end of the N. wall of the N. chapel are the broken
toothings of a former two-centred vault of a low
building adjoining the wall; farther E. is the making
good of the wall after the removal of the above-mentioned low building. At the junction of the W. wall
of the transept with the W. wall of the former sacristy
are ashlar bonding-stones alternating with the original
quoins, showing that the N.W. angle of the transept
existed before the sacristy was built against it. Internally the transept is in two bays divided by tripleshafted responds, the central shaft keeled, and all the
moulded bases and a common semi-octagonal capital
fluted or scalloped and with a moulded abacus; the
responds carried the former main cross-arches or ribs
of the vaulting; the responds are flanked by small
angle shafts with moulded bases included in the grouping of those of the main respond, but the shafts are
carried up to the abaci of the main capitals, above
which they support the moulded wall-ribs of the former
vaulting; these wall-ribs terminate in the main angles
of the transept in two long tapering corbels carved at
the tips; between each pair is a corbel-capital which
carried the diagonal rib of the former vault; they have
square moulded abaci carved with foliage or scallops
and terminating in tapering corbels carved at the tips
with foliage, etc.
In the E. wall of the transept are two two-centred
arches, each having a moulded order on the W. face, of
three large rolls, and with a chamfered label, ornamented
with a species of dog-tooth enrichment; the moulded
order springs from semi-octagonal responds with carved
'stiff-leaf' capitals and moulded abaci, continued along
the wall face, and moulded bases. In the clearstorey
are two lancet-windows with chamfered jambs and
moulded splays and rear-arches; below the windows
runs a moulded string-course stepped up at the end of
each bay to meet the abaci of the capitals of the vaulting-shafts. The N. wall has near the E. end a doorway with
chamfered jambs and semi-circular head; at the W. end,
with the sill about 8½ ft. above the floor level, is a
doorway with chamfered jambs and segmental-pointed
head; it was blocked in the 17th century and was
formerly the entrance to the night-staircase from the
dorter. The W. wall has in the S. bay the archway
which formerly opened into the N. aisle of the nave and
is now blocked with 17th-century filling; it is two-centred with the outer order chamfered on the E. and
rounded on the W. side; the moulded impost is continued along the wall-face a short distance on either
side; each bay has in the upper part of the wall a lancet
window, that in the S. bay being a clearstorey light and
similar to those in the opposite wall; the window in
the N. bay is similar but much longer and wider; below
the windows are moulded string-courses.
Of the two East Chapels of the transept, the southern
one now forms the westernmost bay of the presbyteryaisle and has already been described. The other has
in the E. wall a single round-headed window with
chamfered jambs and moulded splays; the lower part
is blocked. The chapel is vaulted with a quadripartite
vault with diagonal ribs of twin-roll section, carried on
corbel-capitals in the angles, carved with foliage and
having square moulded abaci.
The South Transept (28 ft. by 28 ft.) is generally similar
to the N. transept, but with minor variations. The
walling generally is of red sandstone rubble with
ashlar dressings, grey below and red above. A flat
projecting buttress covers the stair-turret at the E. end
of the S. wall, and at the W. end is a flat clasping buttress;
both buttresses have splayed plinths surmounted by a
roll-moulding which is continued along the face of the
main walls as is also a moulded string-course below the
level of the main windows. The E. wall has a modern
corbel-table at the eaves and the S. wall is gabled and
has a plain string-course at the foot of the gable, both
being probably of 17th-century date, though the gable
is surmounted by an old broken cross. Lighting the
roof space are two lancet-windows, probably re-used
work. The E. chapel to the transept has a clasping
buttress at the S.E. angle and a small lancet above the
main window in the S. wall, lighting the roof space.
Internally, in the E. wall of the transept, the arch opening
into the S. ambulatory is of two orders, the outer
chamfered and continuous and the inner moulded
and carried on semi-octagonal responds with carved
foliated capitals, square moulded abaci, and a label with
ornament similar to that in the N. transept; the arch
opening into the S.E. chapel is similar, but the outer
order on the W. face is moulded. The two windows
above the arches are like those in the N. transept, but
have jambs of two chamfered orders, and the northern
one, which opens into the tower, is boarded up; the
string-course below the sills is carried horizontally
across each bay without a break. In the S. wall are two
tall lancet-windows, with external heads of two orders,
the inner chamfered and continuous and the outer
moulded and carried on detached shafts with foliated
capitals and moulded bases; the abaci of the capitals
are continued as a string-course along the walls; the
splays and rear-arches are moulded; in the middle of
the wall above the lancets is a vesica-shaped light with
moulded and chamfered jambs and moulded splays;
towards the W. end of the wall is a doorway with a
two-centred head of two orders, the inner rounded and
continuous except for the impost-moulding and the
outer moulded and carried on attached shafts with
foliated capitals and moulded bases; the moulded
label is enriched with dog-tooth ornament. In the
S.E. angle is a round-headed doorway into the stair-turret. In the W. wall are two lancet-windows
similar to those in the W. wall of the N. transept.
The vault-responds, corbels and wall-ribs are similar
to those in the N. transept.
The East Chapels are generally similar to those in
the N. transept. The S.E. chapel has in the E. and S.
walls a lancet-window, both with chamfered jambs and
moulded splays. The arch between the S.E. chapel
and the westernmost bay of the S. walk of the ambulatory is of one continuous chamfered order. The vault
has a small carved rosette at the intersection.
Abbey Dore, The Parish Church of St Mary, Formerly Dore Abbey
The Tower is of early 17th-century date, and rises
above the N.E. chapel of the S. transept; it is of three
stages above the chapel-roof and is finished with an
embattled parapet with the stumps of former pinnacles
at the angles. The walls are of ashlar externally
excepting the lowest part of the S. face above the
chapel roof, which is of rubble and contains a large,
rough, relieving arch visible both internally and externally. At the S.E. angle are two buttresses. The first
stage of the tower above the chapel roof has a lancet
window in both the S. and E. walls; in the E. wall is a
round-headed doorway opening into the roof space of
the S. aisle of the presbytery; in the N. wall is the
original S.W. clearstorey-window of the presbytery;
in the S. wall is a doorway with chamfered jambs and
three-centred head opening into the roof space over the
S.E. chapel; and in the W. wall the boarded N.E.
clearstorey window of the S. transept. On the N. and
W. walls are visible the original weather-courses of the
respective roofs of the S. aisle of the presbytery and the
transept-chapel, and on the W. wall three rough corbels
for former roof timbers above the N.E. chapel. The
second stage has in the E. and S. walls a lancet-window,
and in the W. wall a round-headed doorway from the
roof of the S. transept; some moulded stones of 12th
and 13th-century date have been re-used in the walling.
The bell-chamber has, in the E. and S. walls, a lancet-window and, in the N. and W. walls, a round-headed
light.
The Nave (137 ft. by 28 ft.), as has been proved by
excavation, was originally nine bays long with the
pulpitum standing between the second and third bays
and the rood-screen in the fifth bay; part of the W. wall
was uncovered together with the bases of most of the
columns of the N. arcade and portions of the screenwalls between them, at the back of the quire of the
Conversi. Above ground the nave has been entirely
destroyed except the E. respond and first column of the
N. arcade, the E. respond and first column of the S.
arcade with the arch between them. The E. respond of
the N. arcade is semi-circular with a capital carved with
slender interlacing leaves and moulded 'hold-water'
base with spurs at the angles; the column is circular
with a foliated and scalloped capital and a triple corbel
of the same design with a foliage-knot below it on the
N. side; this corbel carried the former vault-ribs of the
N. aisle; the base is of the 'hold-water' type, but only
the E. side is now visible; above the E. respond are the
springers of the former arch and on the capital of the
pillar are re-set a ring of stones, probably sections of
vault-ribs. The S.E. respond is generally similar to the
N.E. respond but differs in the capital, which is carved
with conventional water-leaf foliage; the first column of
the arcade is circular, with the capital carved with plain
leaves with a similarly carved corbelled projection on
the S. side for the vaulting of the aisle; and above it
is a perished springing-stone of the aisle vault. The
first arch of the S. arcade is two-centred and of two
moulded orders, with a moulded label towards the nave,
and on the aisle side a perished moulding which presumably was the wall-rib of the aisle vaulting; the arch
is rather distorted, and the pillar on the W. side has
been buttressed to resist the thrust of the arch; above
the arch the wall is cut on the rake and abuts against the
transept wall; in this wall is a length of the original
string-course below the clearstorey and three courses
of the moulded E. splay of one of the windows. In
the S.E. angle of the nave is a perished corbel-capital,
supporting the springing-stone of the former vault of
the nave; it has perhaps been re-set at a lower level than
it originally occupied.
The North Aisle (10 ft. wide) has some two or three
feet of the original N. wall left standing, and on it is a
short length of moulded internal string-course. In
the base of the wall are a few moulded stones of the
E. jamb of the former E. processional doorway from
the cloister and also one course of the outer order of the
W. jamb with the damaged 'hold-water' base of the
shaft of an inner order. In the N.E. angle is a corbel
capital for the former diagonal vaulting-rib; it has
scrolled foliage and a square moulded abacus. A
portion of thick walling further W. is perhaps part of
the outer wall of the aisle, and part of the excavated W.
wall is still exposed.
The South Aisle (11 ft. wide) has a length of the
foundations of the S. wall exposed and a broken surface
and inner angle stones show where the S. wall met the
S. transept; only a few of the stones of the wall now
project beyond the wall of the transept, but these include
one on the outer face at the top which is apparently
the beginning of a trefoiled corbel table or arcade. In
the S.E. angle is a 13th-century corbel-capital, and the
springing-stones of the former moulded diagonal and
wall ribs of the aisle-vaulting; these remaining worked
stones suggest considerably later work than the arcades.
The South Porch is a timber-framed structure on low
walls with the side panels filled with plaster and with
the E. wall now covered with a stone slate facing; it
is probably of 17th-century date altered and repaired
at a later period. The front is gabled and has arched
braces below the tie-beam which supports two sloping
struts in the gable head; the angle posts are notched
for the arched braces, but the mortices in these posts
suggest that the original braces were of greater size
than the present ones; in the top on the W. face of the
S.W. angle-post is a curious cusped sinking. The
gable has barge-boards with moulded edges and at the
apex a pendant with a shaped end; the roof has a tie-beam against the main S. wall, cut away in the middle
on the underside; the posts supporting it are notched
and morticed for former arched braces, now gone.
Monastic Buildings. The Sacristy (26½ ft. by 12½ ft.)
on the N. side of the N. transept is roofless. In the E.
wall is a 17th-century doorway with square jambs and
semi-circular head set in the opening of an early 13th-century window, of which part of the splayed rear-arch
remains. In the W. wall are the remains of an original
recess with the moulded stones of the S. jamb and the
springers of the arch and the four lower courses of the
N. jamb; the existing rough round head is probably
the original relieving-arch; the rest of the N. jamb with
the wall to the N. of it are of rough workmanship of
17th-century or later repair; the recess is now blocked
with a quantity of worked stones and other re-used
material. The sacristy was roofed with a barrel-vault
of rubble of which the springing on the N. remains.
The Chapter House (about 44 ft. in diam.) was entered
through a Vestibule on the N. side of the sacristy. On
the S. wall (the N. face of the N. wall of the sacristy)
towards the E. end are the remains of a triple vaulting-shaft of c. 1200 with a foliated capital, above which
are the broken moulded springing-stones of the former
transverse wall and diagonal ribs of the vestibulevault; E. of this was a narrow bay, about 3½ ft. wide,
of which the springers of the diagonal ribs of the
13th-century vault also remain in situ, being supported
on the E. side apparently on a corbel. Some 7 ft.
farther E., about six courses remain above the ground-level of the vaulting-shaft at one angle of the twelvesided chapter house, and adjoining is a short length
of rubble-wall forming part of the side of the chapter
house.
N. of the former N. aisle of the nave is a kitchen
garden, none of the walls of which appears to be of preSuppression date; the S. part of its W. wall is the E.
wall of a former barn. N. of the kitchen garden about
84 ft. W. of the present W. face of the church, and
running northwards from the kitchen-garden wall, is a
substantial wall of some antiquity. It has a broken
end about 8 or 9 ft. from the W. wall of the kitchen
garden and is nearly 100 ft. long; at the S. end it is
about 2 ft. 9 in. thick, but farther N. it is about 4 ft. 4 in.
in width and probably formed part of the W. wall of
the former Frater.
The Roofs of the existing building all date from the
17th century and were the work of John Abel.
Over the presbytery is a flat oak ceiling in three
bays, with stop-moulded ties and intermediate beams
and exposed ceiling joists, formerly lathed for
plaster. The principal tie-beams are supported by
moulded wall-posts rising off the original vaulting-shafts and from which spring moulded cross and longitudinal braces; the longitudinal braces against the side
walls are carved with running foliage and other ornament, and the cross-braces are carved with sunk and
detached quatrefoils and have pendants under the tie-beams, each carved with a bunch of grapes within four
leaves; on the faces of the wall-posts below the cross-braces are attached half-round shafts with square
bases and caps on which stand the following carved
consoles—(1) foliage and scroll work; (2) grotesque
female busts and scroll work; (3) monsters with
eagles' heads and horses' legs; (4) foliage and scroll
work. The crossings and the transepts have ceilings
of a similar character to that over the presbytery, but
with less elaboration. The wall-posts have no shafts
on their faces, but have carved consoles on the posts;
these consoles are smaller than those in the presbytery
and include human faces and busts in the carving, and
the W. console in the S. transept has a grotesque
female figure with a shield; on the beams are small
pierced pendants. The roofs above the ceilings of the
presbytery and transepts are floored and have trusses
of a double queen-post type with heavy plain timbers.
Above the vaulting of the aisles and chapels are
pent-roofs with plain tie-beams on which are struts
supporting the principal rafters and purlins.
Fittings—Altar: In chancel—stone slab with five
consecration-crosses and chamfered under-edges, set
on three re-set drums of a column, circular on plan with
four attached shafts. Bells: six; third and fifth by
Abraham Rudhall, 1710. Chair: In chancel—of oak
(Plate 27), with turned front legs carried up above seat
to support curved arms, rails below seat enriched with
conventional incised ornament, enriched arcaded back
with scrolled top rail, first half of 17th-century. Chests:
In N.E. chapel of N. transept—(1) of oak with front in
four panels and one panel to each end, plain lid hinged
in two parts hung on wrought-iron strap hinges with
one lock to lid and three to smaller lid, late 16th or
early 17th-century. In tower—on first floor, (2) small
plain chest, possibly 17th-century. Coffin and Coffin
Lids. Coffin: In S. walk of ambulatory—tapering,
with shaped recess for head, 13th-century. Coffin lids:
In E. walk of ambulatory, (1) of stone, with foliated
cross in relief and plain shield, late 13th-century;
(2) with bevelled edges and at each end small foiled
cross within sunk circle, 13th-century, inscribed with
later initials C.P. and date 1694 (?), and P.P. and date
1757. Communion Rails: Of oak, with square baserail, moulded top-rail and turned balusters with gate
in middle flanked by larger baluster-posts, each surmounted by a ball, early 17th-century. Doors: In
S.E. angle of S. transept—in doorway of turret-staircase, of battens and hung on pair of strap-hinges; in
main S. doorway, close battened, nail-studded, with
two-centred head and moulded cover-strips externally,
hung on two strap-hinges with foliated ends, 17th-century. In N. walk of ambulatory—in N. doorway
(Plate 34), close battened, with two-centred head framed
internally in form of trefoiled arch, hung on two
wrought-iron ornamental hinges, upper one with beast's
head, lower one partly destroyed, 13th-century. In
upper storey of tower—to roof space of S.E. chapel, of
oak, plain battened, pierced with small round-headed
peep-hole, now boarded up, probably 17th-century.
Font: octagonal stone bowl with chamfered top and
moulded under edge, plain stem, 17th-century or earlier,
on modern base. Gallery: against W. wall of central
crossing (Plate 61), in three bays with four circular oak
columns with moulded and enriched octagonal capitals
and bases standing on square pedestals, supporting
an enriched beam surmounted by moulded panelling
forming gallery-front in three bays divided by square
posts with ball-tops; floor carried on stop-chamfered
beams and gallery entered by staircase at S. end with
moulded strings and handrails and turned balusters,
mid 17th-century, staircase possibly later. Glass:
In presbytery—in E. windows (Plate 79), in middle
window, figure-subject of the Ascension, with cherubs in
clouds, and below, figures of eleven apostles; in upper
part of light, figures of St. John the Baptist and Moses
standing between pilasters under canopies of Gothic
type and with a jumble of glass in the head of the light;
in N. window, on background of floral diapers, and
all beneath Gothic canopies, four figures respectively of
St. Matthew and St Mark in upper part and St. Peter
and St. Andrew in lower part; beneath figure of St.
Peter inscription, "Peter 44 years after the death (of)
our Saviour went to Rome to confute Simon Magus
and lived there 25 years. He was condemned by Nero
to be crucified, which Peter desired to be done with his
head downwarde"; beneath figure of St. Andrew
following inscription, "Andrew brother to Peter, he
lived at Patris in Achaia where he at last was crucified
joyfully embracing the cross (with) his arms"; in S.
window, similar arrangement to N. window, with
figures of St. Luke, with most of figure replaced by
fragments, and St. John the Evangelist in upper part
with head missing, and St. James and St. John the
Apostle in the lower part, canopies much damaged;
beneath the figure of St. James is the following inscription, "James brother of John, he was beheaded by Herod
his [accuser] likewise confessing Christ suffered martyrdom with him," and below the date 1634; beneath the
figure of St. John the Apostle is the inscription, "John
the beloved desipel was banished by Domicion to the
Isle of Pathmas where he write the Revellation. He
died 60 years after Christ and was buried neere to
Ephesus"; glass in all three windows, except where
painted on white, of blue, yellow or ruby, and all
17th-century. In Ambulatory—in southernmost
window of E. wall, panel with borders and diaper
work, achievement-of-arms of Carwarden, with supporters, two wild-men and some mantling, but crest
missing, late 16th or 17th-century. In westernmost
window in S. wall, some much-worn fragments of plain
glass. In S.E. chapel of S. transept—in E. window,
some re-set fragments including a kneeling figure of a
woman with hands clasped, portions of pinnacles and
floral borders, fragments of diaper work and the evangelistic symbols of St. Mark and St. Luke, quarries with a
pear and pomegranate-sprig, some foliage and fragments
of 'black letter,' 15th and early 16th-century; in S.
window, re-set fragments including head of a bishop
wearing mitre; hand holding an orb; fragments of
angels, drapery, foliage, etc., and diapered quarries,
15th-century. Lockers: In Ambulatory—in N. wall
of E. walk, with moulded and rebated jambs and trefoiled head, moulded sill and grooves at sides for
shelves, mid 13th-century; in S. wall of easternmost
bay of S. walk, with rebated jambs and four-centred
head and grooves at sides for shelves, 15th-century;
in S. wall of adjoining bay, with rebated four-centred
head and groove on W. side, 15th-century. In S. transept—in S. wall (Plate 60), rectangular with moulded
surround enriched with 'dog-tooth' ornament, 13th-century, and fitted with a three-panelled early 17th-century
door hung on two hinges. In S.E. chapel of S. transept
—in S. wall, with moulded and rebated jambs and trefoiled head, projecting sill and sides grooved for shelves,
13th-century; immediately E. of above, small with two-centred head rebated on E. side, mediæval. Monuments and Floor Slabs. Monuments: In presbytery—
under easternmost arch of N. arcade, (1) effigy of knight
(Plate 43) lying on raised slab with head on cushion,
wearing complete mail armour, long surcoat, shield on
left side, sword-belt and sword, right hand on hilt; legs
broken off below knees with loose fragment lying by side
of effigy, much worn and defaced, mid 13th-century;
under easternmost arch of S. arcade, (2) effigy of knight
(Plate 51), generally similar to (1) but with narrow girdle
to surcoat; upper portion of shoulders and head much
worn, the latter being broken from the body; lower
part of legs missing, mid 13th-century; fixed against
first pier from the E. of the N. arcade (3) small slab,
slightly tapering, with side edges moulded, ends
broken, and carved in relief on face with figure of a
bishop (Plate 43) lying with head on cushion with, on
either side, following inscription in Lombardic capitals
"[qv]o[n]dā pontificis co . . ." on right side, and
". . . xpiste johi . . ." on left side, possibly heart
burial of John le Breton, Bishop of Hereford, 1269–75.
In N.E. chapel of N. transept—(4) to Peter Smyth, 1677
(date altered), slate slab with moulded edge and achievement-of-arms; (5) to Elizabeth (Hereford), wife of Peter
Smyth, 1693, slate panel. In S.E. chapel of S. transept—
(6) to John Hoskins, 1638, stone table-tomb (Plate 44)
with chamfered base; front and back divided into three
bays by attached Doric columns supporting entablature
with frieze formerly ornamented with alternate shields
and projecting jewel-ornaments; cornice formed by
chamfered edge of projecting marble top of tomb;
panel at N. end with achievement-of-arms, other panels
painted black with incised inscriptions. Floor slabs: In
presbytery—against W. respond of middle arch of S.
arcade, (1) to Anne wife of Bennet Hoskins, 1648, with
moulded rim, carved enrichment at head with below
three shields-of-arms; (2) immediately N. of (1), to
William, son of Bennet Hoskins, 1714, and Elizabeth
his daughter, 1721, slate slab with shield-of-arms at
head in conventional floral wreath; (3) to Elizabeth,
daughter of Nicholas Coll (es) ? and wife of Benjamin
. . ., 1646, partly concealed by front of choir-stalls; S.
of organ (4) to G.R., 1701, slate slab with enriched
border; E. of (4), (5) to B. 1684, and I.B. 1714; S. of
altar (6) to William Watts, son of William Watts,
B.D., of Hereford, 16(91–2 ?), slate slab with moulded
margin and shield-of-arms; (7) to R.W., 1711, incised
paving-stone. In ambulatory—in N. walk, under arch
between E. and N. walks; (8) illegible slab of 17th-century date; (9) to Sarah Watkins, 1681, inscribed
paving-slab. Below crossing, in front of gallery, (10)
to John Jon(e)s and Mary his wife, 1676; (11) to
Elizabeth wife of John Wever, 1698–9; (12) to K.M.,
1663; (13) to Henry Gilbert, 1694; (14) to I.P. 1709.
In N. transept—under arch to crossing; (15) to
William Vaughan, 1667, and Philip his son, 1698;
(16) to Mary Wever, 1682; partly below pulpit, (17) to
Robert Williams, 1696, and Philip Williams, 1729, slab
with border carved with conventional foliage; (18)
to Margaret, wife of Robert Wilton, 1652; (19) to
Robert Wilton, 1660; (20) to John Attwell, 1698–9;
(21) to Jane Walt, probably early 18th-century; (22) to
Mary Wever, 16. 8, and T.W., 1715; (23) to B.P., 1712;
(24) to William, son of John Attwell, 1706. In N.E.
chapel of N. transept—(25) to Richard Smith, 1701–2,
stone slab with shield-of-arms in head. In S. transept—
(26) to T.P. 1714, and I.P. 1729. Paintings: In
crossing—on upper part of W. wall, N. half, panel with
Lord's Prayer, S. half with Apostles' creed, both in
black letter, in frames of yellow foliage with ornamental
surrounds, c. 1701; on lower part of wall, partly concealed or destroyed by gallery, heads of three panels
with frames and ornamental borders, southernmost
containing earlier sentences of the Apostles' creed, c.
1630–40. High up on wall painting of David with harp
in bay-leaf frame with pointed head, c. 1701. In N.
transept—on N. wall, on upper part, large pair of
conjoined panels containing the ten commandments in
Roman lettering with borders enriched with bay-leaf
ornament each having round pedimental head; above
middle, Hebrew Jehovah with rays; lower down large
Royal Arms of Queen Anne after the Union in red and
yellow colouring, rather defaced but with motto,
"Semper Eadem" and initials A(R); on lower part
of wall two small panels, the western on the blocking
of night-stair doorway with text in Roman lettering,
"For this is the love of God that we keep his Commandments"; the eastern with text, Rom. ii. 13, both
in foliated frames with cresting and swag-ornament
in red line, all c. 1700–10, palimpsest under Royal Arms,
traces of earlier 'black letter' inscription of c. 1630–40.
On W. wall, N. bay, somewhat similar panel to lower
panels on N. wall with text; S. bay similar panel with
text, Psalm 148, 12, and palimpsest on earlier panel with
'black letter' inscription with scroll work visible on
N. side, c. 1701, earlier painting c. 1630–40. S.
transept—on S. wall, under eastern lancet, upper half of
human skeleton with handle of spade, remains of
ornamental border and inscription, "Memento Mori,"
probably c. 1701, but may be earlier; under westernmost window, panel with text in Roman lettering with
bay-leaf surround, ornamental cresting with remains of
inscription "William . . . er of H[erefo]rd, painter,
1701," in middle of wall, panel with bay-leaf surround
and text in Roman lettering, "O death where is thy
sting," etc., c. 1701. On W. wall, on upper part of
N. bay, large figure of "Time" with scythe, partly
destroyed, probably c. 1701, but may be earlier; below,
panel with ornamental surround and text in Roman
lettering, c. 1701, palimpsest on earlier panel with
'black-letter' inscription c. 1630–40. S. bay, panel
with ornamental surround and text in Roman lettering
c. 1701, palimpsest on traces of 'black-letter' inscription below, c. 1630–40. Panelling: In presbytery—
on N. and S. walls of W. bay, panelling with enriched
arabesque frieze and moulded capping, c. 1630, modern
panelling below. Piscina: In S.E. chapel of S.
transept—in S. wall, with moulded trefoiled head and
carved foliated stops and sill formed of block with two
projecting moulded shaft-capitals, 13th-century. Plate:
includes silver cup of 1634 with cover-paten to fit but
without date-letter, and silver flagon of 1634. Poor-box: of oak, square, with moulded rim to lid, moulding
mitred round base, supported on small column with
moulded capital and base; two old locks (disused)
to box and following inscription partly hidden by iron
strapping, "1639 H[e] that from ye poo[r] h[is] eyes
wil turn aw[ay] t[h]e Lord wil turn His . . . V . . . N
yn later day yfro . . .," 17th-century. Pulpits: In
presbytery—of oak, hexagonal, each side panelled and
with enriched double arcaded head, supported by
enriched pilasters and with pendant in middle and
flanked at angles of pulpit by Doric columns supporting
an entablature with arabesque frieze, moulded and
dentilled cornice, with shaped brackets above each
column; moulded base below panels supported at each
corner by square leg; above pulpit, hexagonal sounding-board with enriched frieze, moulded cornice,
pendant drops below and turned finials and cresting
above; panelled soffit with pendant in middle; board
supported on standard panelled as sides to pulpit and
with plain panel below, mid 17th-century with modern
stair. In N. transept—of oak, octagonal, made up of
17th-century panelling with top panels carved with
arabesque ornament. Recesses: In N.E. chapel of N.
transept—in S. wall, with moulded trefoiled head and
modern sill, 13th-century, with triangular head with
carved 'stiff leaf' ornament at head and modern sill, 13th-century. Screen: Under E. arch of crossing (Plate 76),
of oak, with chamfered base and divided into five bays
by Ionic columns standing, without bases, on pedestals
and supporting enriched entablature with shaped
consoles above each column; on W. faces of pedestals
to columns flanking central opening are grotesque
carved heads; above doorway are shaped brackets
carved with conventional leaf enrichment and meeting
below middle of cornice in carved pendant; lower
part of side bays each divided into four panels by heavy
moulded styles; upper part open and divided by
symmetrically turned balusters with trefoiled cusping
between heads; bay on N. side of central opening with
two pendant drops in place of two balusters; on W.
side of frieze raised panels inscribed "vive deo gratus
toti mvndo tvmvlatvs crimine mvndatvs semper
transire paratvs"; above main cornice four pierced
pinnacles and three large cartouches-of-arms as follows,
(a) Royal (Stuart) Arms; (b) impaled coat of Scudamore surmounted by a coronet; and (c) the see of
Canterbury impaling Laud, c. 1630–40. Seating: In
presbytery—pews with panelled backs and ends having
carved panels at top, one pew with initials T.M.; pews
at back for churchwardens, with higher enclosures with
arabesque panels at top; two extra desks at E. end; all
c. 1630. Sundial: On S.W. clasping buttress of S.
transept—on angle with dial on S. face with Roman
numerals, dial on W. face with Arabic numerals and
gnomon re-fixed in new position with original gnomon
holes empty, 16th-century. Table: In tower—on
first floor, of oak, five feet long with stop chamfered
legs, grooved or panelled top rails (except at one end),
17th-century with modern deal top. Tiles: In presbytery—slip tiles re-set in floor on N. of altar, including
following with heraldic shields—(a) a lion; (b) Clifford;
(c) Berkeley; (d) a fesse between three fleurs-de-lis;
(e) England; (f) Berkeley; (g) checky in a chief a leopard;
(h) checky a cheveron; (i) Old France; (j) Leon and
Castile; (k) Bohun; (l) a cross paty; (m) crusily,
13th-century; also some lozenge-shaped glazed green
tiles with embossed conventional floral design. In
other parts of presbytery—a number of other heraldic
tiles including some of the shields above described
and also, (a) a cross paty; (b) Vere; (c) a cross
paty between four martlets; (d) checky a bend and a label
of four points. In N.E. chapel of N. transept—a number
of boxes of broken fragments of tiles. Other fragments
of tiles in E. chapels and round font. Miscellanea:
In presbytery—high up on wall on each side, between
first and second bays a staple perhaps for suspending
the lenten-veil. In ambulatory and transept—a large
collection of moulded and carved stones, from destroyed
portions of the building; these include portions of an
enriched trefoiled wall-arcade and a moulded base with
twelve shafts and other portions of the central column
of the chapter-house; three semi-octagonal stones with
inscriptions in Lombardic capitals on the face (a) "Hugo
olim decan' de Webbeli' me fe," (b) "Robert Wroeth
me fe," (c) " Robert Vicari' de Wrmbregge me
fecit"; carved bosses (Plate 78) from a vault with
(a) an abbot kneeling before the Virgin and Child, (b) a
Coronation of the Virgin, (c) a Majesty with surrounding
foliage, (d) large human head; carved stone with a monk
kneeling before a bishop; several small foliated bosses,
vault-ribs, capitals, bases, etc., mostly 13th-century.
In vestry—fragments of a tabernacle or tomb-canopy
with gables over the arches, etc., 13th-century.
Condition—Good.
Secular
b(3) Homestead Moat, at Morehampton Park Farm,
nearly 2½ m. N.N.W. of the abbey.
c(4). Jury Bridge, carrying roadway over stream in
Grey Valley, nearly 2 m. N.E. of the abbey, is of rubble
with rough ashlar voussoirs to the segmental arch. It
is of 17th-century date and of a single span with the
parapets and abutments projecting slightly in front of
the face of the arch and its spandrels. The parapet has
been repaired and has modern coping-stones.
Condition—Good.
b(5). Morehampton Park Farm, house N.E. of (3),
is of two storeys with attics; the walls are of stone
rubble; the roofs are covered with stone slates. It is a
rectangular building of early 17th-century date, but the
N.W. half has been remodelled in modern times and
the S.E. half has been used for cider-making. The
S.W. wall has in the S.E. end, on both the ground
and first floors, an old two-light window, each with a
wood frame with chamfered jamb and mullion and
stop-chamfered head. Inside the building one room
has exposed ceiling-beams and joists.
Condition—Of house, good.
c(6). Grange Farm, house (Plate 185) nearly 1¼ m.
E.N.E. of the abbey is of two storeys with a cellar; the
walls are timber-framed with plaster infilling on a stone
base; the roofs are covered with stone slates. The
house was built in the 14th century, and probably had a
central hall block with a northern solar wing, and the
buttery-wing on the S. side of the hall. Early in the
16th century a porch was added on the W. side of the S.
end of the hall, and early in the 17th century a chimney-stack was inserted in the southern end of the hall, and
the interior was remodelled. The solar-wing has been
partly destroyed, only the one-storey eastern end now
remaining. The S. wall has been refronted in stone.
A low modern addition has been built on to the S. end
of the house and there are modern lean-to additions on
the E. side. The W. or Front Elevation has the timber-framing exposed. In the middle of the front is the two-storeyed gabled porch; the entrance has curved
braces from the side posts forming a semi-circular
arched opening and the upper storey projects in
front on a moulded bressummer and shaped brackets at
either end. The front entrance-doorway has moulded
jambs and head, the under-side of the lintel being cut in
the form of three arches. In the ceiling of the
entrance porch are moulded joists. S. of the porch a
flight of stone steps leads up to a granary on the first
floor of the buttery-wing. The central chimney-stack
has two diagonal shafts, the lower parts of which are of
17th-century brickwork. The W. wall of the solarwing has exposed chamfered timbers with wood panels
between the framing; there is a blocked doorway with
moulded jambs and two-centred head. The E. elevation, when not covered by the modern addition, has
the timber-framing exposed. On the upper floor are
the moulded sills and angle-mullions of a blocked
oriel-window.
Inside the building, on the ground-floor, the parlour
which occupies the northern end of the original hall
has moulded 14th-century beams. In the N. wall is an
original doorway with moulded jambs and two-centred
head. In the ceiling of the remaining room in the N.
wing is a stop-chamfered beam and traces of early 17th-century plaster-work which apparently consisted of
moulded panels with conventional roses, etc. In the
ceilings of the kitchen and pantry, which lie to the S. of
the central chimney-stack, are exposed stop-chamfered
beams and joists; the doorway between the pantry and
the original hall has a shaped head. The first floor has
been remodelled but retains some exposed stop-chamfered beams in the ceiling. The room over the entrance
porch, known as the Chapel, has plaster decoration on
the walls and semi-hexagonal ceiling (Plate 29). The
wall-plates and purlins at the meeting of the sloping
sides of the roof with the flat ceiling are plastered and
emphasised with mouldings, and each of the sloping
sides has a panel with fleurs-de-lis and oak-sprigs
in the corners; in the middle of each panel is a smaller
panel enclosing a pierced heart with the letters I.H.S.
below; this panel is flanked on either side by conventional sprigs with birds, while beyond the sprigs in large
letters are the initials I.H.S. The ceiling has a central
square panel with smaller panels at each end; the central
panel has a rose and fleurs-de-lis with rose-sprigs
between, and the side panels each have a monster's head
with a sprig with buds issuing from the mouth and rosesprigs and fleurs-de-lis in the corners. The N. and S.
walls are similar and have above an exposed timber-beam which acts as a dado, a large moulded panel with
fleurs-de-lis in the angles and a central medallion
inscribed with the initials I.H.S. and the date 1603.
On the E. wall, above the door, is a similar medallion
with plaster ornament on either side. On the W.
wall, above the window, is a rose flanked by sprigs
with birds, and on either side of the window is a
moulded panel with oak-sprigs in the angles.
Condition—Good.
Monuments (7–20).
The following monuments, unless otherwise described,
are of the 17th century and of two storeys; the walls are
of stone; the roofs are covered with modern or stone
slates. Many of the buildings have exposed ceiling-beams and original chimney-stacks, and most of them
have been much altered both inside and outside.
Condition—Good, unless noted.
c(7). The Rectory, immediately S. of the abbey, is of
two storeys with attics and cellars. It has been almost
entirely re-built and greatly altered. The wrought-iron
gate in the wall between the rectory-garden and the
graveyard is of c. 1700. It is hung between two square
stone piers and is in two leaves of simple design with
a horizontal band of scroll-work across the middle.
The shaped overthrow above the gates is of simple
scroll-work and has a wrought-iron sun in the middle.
c(8). Tan House Farm, house, 170 yards N.W. of the
abbey, is of two storeys with attics and is partly timber-framed. It has modern additions both at the back
and on the E. end. On the S. front the doorway has
an old stop-chamfered frame. The E. wall of the
original building has the timber-framing exposed above
the modern additions. Inside the building on the
ground-floor are four moulded battened doors, and
there is a similar door in the attic.
c(9). School House, 20 yards W. of (8), was built on a
rectangular plan and has had later additions on the
N. side. A modern school has been built against the
W. end.
c(10). Two Barns, at Upper House Farm, about 250
yards N.N.W. of the abbey, are timber-framed on a stone
base. The northern barn is of two storeys and is in
six bays, of which the southernmost two have been
re-built in stone; a small modern addition has been built
on the W. side. The roof has trusses of collar-beam
type with posts between the tie-beams and the principal
rafters.
The southern barn was built probably c. 1700, and is
weather-boarded; the roof is covered with corrugated
iron. It is in five bays with queen-post trusses.
Condition—Poor.
c(11). Lower House Farm, house, 360 yards N.N.E.
of the abbey, is of two storeys with attics. Part of the
roof is covered with corrugated iron. It was built
probably early in the 17th century and altered later in
the same century. Late in the 18th century additions
or rebuildings were made at either end of the house.
d(12). Hollingwood Farm, house, about 1 m. W.N.W.
of the abbey, is of two storeys with attics and a cellar.
It is built on a half H-shaped plan with the wings
extending towards the S. It was largely altered late
in the 18th or early in the 19th century, when the roof
was re-built and much of the walling was refronted in
brick. The entrance-doorway on the S. front has,
re-set as a keystone, a portion of a much worn archmould probably of 13th-century date, and on the W.
front, set against the doorway to the loft on the first
floor, is a portion of 13th-century arch-mould with a
stop carved with 'stiff-leaf' ornament. Some of the
exposed beams in the ceiling of the ground-floor are
moulded.
d(13). Holling Grange Farm, house, about ½ m. W.N.W.
of (12), is a timber-framed building erected in the
16th century, and altered and cased with stone probably
late in the 18th century; it has modern lean-to additions along the N. side and on the E. end. It probably
originally extended farther eastwards. In the W. wall
is an old three-light window with chamfered wooden
frame and mullions. Inside the building the main
cross-partition on the ground-floor has chamfered
framing with long narrow panels of wood; the doorway in this partition has chamfered posts and four-centred head.
c(14). Cottage and Barn, 120 yards E. of Jury Bridge.
The Cottage is of one storey with attics and is timber-framed with brick nogging. It was built on a rectangular plan, but has modern additions on the N.W.
end of the S.E. side.
The Barn lies to the E. of the cottage and is timber-framed and weather-boarded on a stone base. It is
in seven bays and has open rectangular framing below
the tie-beams to two of the trusses which probably at
one time divided the barn into three closed compartments.
a(15). Lower Jury, farmhouse and two barns, about
280 yards N.N.W. of Jury Bridge. The House is of
two storeys with attics and a cellar. It was built, on a
rectangular plan, of timber-framing with plaster on a
stone base late in the 15th or early in the 16th century.
Later alterations have been made, and in modern times
the building has been refronted in brick. The N.
front has one small window with an old chamfered
wood frame; beyond the old stone chimney-stack
towards the E. end of the front are later additions;
the old wall within the later additions has the timber-framing exposed with narrow plaster panels of about
the same width as the framing.
The Barns stand to the E. of the house. Both are
timber-framed and weather-boarded with some brick
nogging and the southernmost barn is also partly of
brick; they have stone plinths; the roof of the southern
barn is covered with corrugated iron. The northern
barn is of five bays with queen-post trusses with braces
below the tie-beams. The two westernmost bays are
divided into two storeys. Part of the infilling between
the timber-framing is of interlaced wooden slats. The
barn has a later lean-to addition on its W. side. The
southern barn is in five bays with queen-post trusses.
It has a later addition on the S.W. side. The barn is
probably of the 17th century; the inscription "W.P.
1716" on one of the tie-beams probably applies to a
restoration.
a(16). Cottage, 1140 yards N.N.E. of (15), is of one
storey with attics; it is timber-framed with modern
brick nogging; the roof is covered with thatch. It is
built on a rectangular plan, has a modern lean-to
addition at the E. end and has been re-roofed.
c(17). Hill Farm, cottage, nearly 1½ m. N.N.E. of the
abbey, is of one storey with attics and is timber-framed
on a stone plinth; the roofs are tiled. It is built on a
rectangular plan and has modern additions on the S. and
W.
a(18). Farm House, nearly 2¼ m. N.N.W. of the
abbey, is of two storeys with attics and cellar with an
E. wing of one storey with attics. The walls are
timber-framed with brick nogging and plaster, but have
been largely refaced in modern brick and stone. It
was built in the 16th century, and is of L-shaped plan
with the wings extending towards the N. and E. The
E. wing was remodelled or built in the 17th century
and was extended farther eastward later in the century.
Modern alterations include the addition of a lean-to
extension on the end of the E. wing.
a(19). Woodhouse Farm, cottage, 550 yards N.E. of
(18), is of one storey with attics. The walls are of
timber-framing with brick nogging and plaster on a
stone plinth; the roofs are covered with modern tiles.
Late in the 18th or early in the 19th century, a barn was
built on the S.W. end of the cottage.
e(20). Cottage, at the extreme E. end of the parish,
3½ m. N.E. of the church, has exposed timber-framing
and a thatched roof.
Unclassified
c(21). Earthwork, in Camp Wood, about 1 m.
N.N.E. of the abbey, consists of a roughly rectangular
excavation on the hillside with no attempt at any
rampart on the N. and N.E. and only a slight rampart,
largely natural, around the remainder. The natural
scarps, however, are steep to the W., E., and S.
Possibly this work bears some relation to (22).
Condition—Poor.
c(22). Earthwork, in Minns' Close, Tump Wood,
about 650 yards S.W. of (21), is a large natural oval
mound standing with artificially sunk top, some 200 ft.
above the level of the Golden Valley. It has precipitous sides, and the only approach to the top is by a
natural narrow causeway which connects it with the base
of the earthwork in Camp Wood.
Condition—Poor.