| 1 |
2,130 acres, including 68 acres of
inland water; Census Rep. of 1901. |
| 2 |
Including Willoughby's. |
| 3 |
See the account by Roger North in
1676, quoted in Baines, Lancs. (ed. 1836),
from the Life of Lord Guildford, iii, 554;
see also Baines, Lancs. Dir. 1825, ii, 613.
There is a notice of a cannel mine being
on fire in 1737 in Lancs. and Ches. Hist.
and Gen. Notes, iii, 106. |
| 4 |
Dict. Nat. Biog. |
| 5 |
Ormerod, Ches. (ed. Helsby), i, 37,
from the Duchy Coucher. The Marsey
fee is only imperfectly described in the
survey of 1212. |
| 6 |
Farrer, Lancs. Pipe R. 78; after the
rebellion of John, Count of Mortain,
afterwards king. If Hugh le Norreys be
rightly identified with Hugh de Haigh it
may indicate that he had been settled in
Haigh before Blackrod was granted to him;
Lancs. Inq. and Extents (Rec Soc. Lancs.
and Ches.), i, 68, where he is called Hugh
de Blackrod. |
| 7 |
Cockersand Chart. (Chet. Soc.), ii,
612. The boundaries began at 'the road
to the church,' and went up to the head
of Green syke, and so to Hugh's ridding,
and by the dyke to the starting point. |
| 8 |
Inq. 11 Edw. II, no. 4, quoted
below. Haigh and Blackrod were both
held of Sir Robert.
After Robert de Holland's forfeiture it
was found that he had held the manor by
a rent of 10d.; Roll of Foreign Rent
of Derbyshire in Duchy of Lanc. Rentals, 379. In an account of his lands
made about 1326 it is stated that his
manor of Haigh had been leased to Henry
de Atherton and Adam de Bradshaw for
£20 a year; Duchy of Lanc. Misc.
10/15.
In the Feodary compiled in 1324 it is
stated that Robert de Holland held the
manor of Haigh by the service of 10d.
as the fourth part of a knight's fee; Dods.
MSS. cxxxi, fol. 36b. In all other
inquisitions the twelfth, not the fourth,
part of a fee is recorded. The 10d. rent
continued down to the 17th century. |
| 9 |
See the account of Orrell.
It is more likely that Robert de Holland had had the grant of a mesne manor
from Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, and that
it was not restored to him by Edward III. |
| 10 |
So described he attested a Haydock
charter of Robert de Holland's in that
year; Raines MSS. (Chet. Lib.), xxxviii,
231. From the account of Blackrod it
will be found that the descent was as
follows:—Hugh le Norreys (1191–1221)
—s. Hugh (1233) —bro. Alan —s.
Hugh —dau. Mabel. Hugh son of Alan
had a brother Henry, &c.
Emma la Norreys held messuages and
lands in Haigh in 1290; De Banco R.
86, m. 95. |
| 11 |
Final Conc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and
Ches.), i, 185; a surrender to William
de Atherton. It is recorded that Thomas
de Osbaldeston put in his claim. Kuerden
(MSS. ii, fol. 213, no. 5) has preserved a
grant of the manor by William de Atherton to William de Bradshagh, about that
time or earlier.
In 1295 William and Mabel de Bradshagh had a contest with Adam de Walton,
rector of Wigan, the latter charging them
with having diverted the water-course
between Haigh and Standish to the injury
of his mills. They replied that they had
only erected a mill by the Douglas, two
leagues from Adam's mill. The jury
found that the new mill had been made
by William's father, Richard de Bradshagh,
while he was guardian of William and
Mabel, and that it had been to the loss
of the rector's mill; Assize R. 1306, m.
19; 1321, m. 7 d.
Brief and unsatisfactory abstracts of
some Bradshaw deeds are printed in
Croston's edition of Baines, Lancs. iv,
291, 292. There are others in Kuerden
MSS. loc. cit. |
| 12 |
Lancs. Inq. and Extents, i, 313; Feud.
Aids, iii, 81. The mesne lordship of Robert
de Holland is not recognized here or later. |
| 13 |
Final Conc. ii, 9. The remainder
was to 'the heirs of William,' which
occasioned a lawsuit later. Also Kuerden, loc. cit. no. 3. |
| 14 |
Coram Rege R. 254, m. 52. |
| 15 |
Inq. a.q.d. II Edw. II, no. 4. The
inquiry was made at Haigh in June 1318,
when the manors had been in the king's
hands a year and a day. It may be added
that in 1319 Mabel asserted that her
husband was dead; Assize R. 424, m.
8d.
These facts are utilized in the wellknown legend of Sir William and his
wife; see Bridgeman, Wigan Ch. 695–9;
also Harland and Wilkinson, Lancs.
Legends, 45; Topog. and Gen. ii, 365–9.
That there is some basis for the legend
may be gathered from entries in the
Close R., Mabel being called wife of Peter
de Limesey in 1318 (unless there is an
error in the record) and 'Mabel de
Haigh' simply in the following year;
Cal. Close, 1313–18, p. 554; 1318–23,
p. 8. |
| 16 |
De Banco R. 273, m. 121 d.; Sir
William de Bradshagh charged Adam de
Hindley and others with having forcibly
carried off his goods at Haigh and Blackrod. |
| 17 |
Coram Rege R. 297, Rex, m. 23 d. |
| 18 |
Final Conc. ii, 101, 107. The
former of these was a grant of the manor
of Haigh to William de Bradshagh for his
life. The latter was a settlement of the
succession after Mabel's death; to William son of John de Bradshagh, with
remainders to the sons of Richard de
Bradshagh his brother, and a further
remainder to Henry son of Robert le
Norreys. Alan son of Henry de Eltonhead, another Norreys, put in his claim.
Also Kuerden, loc. cit. nos. 11, 13.
As Mabel de Haigh she made a grant
of two plough-lands (probably the manor)
in Worthington in 1318; Final Conc. ii,
28. |
| 19 |
See the account of Wigan Church;
Kuerden, loc. cit. no. 16–21. |
| 20 |
Surv. of 1346 (Chet. Soc. 36).
In the same year Dame Mabel accused
William son of John de Bradshagh of
breaking down her close and doing other
damage; De Banco R. 348, m. 338. |
| 21 |
The sheriff accounted for 10d.
from Mabel de Bradshagh for the manor
of Haigh for ward of Lancaster Castle;
Duchy of Lanc. Var. Accts. 32117, fol.
7b. |
| 22 |
De Banco R. 419, m. 180 d.; 425,
m. 363 d.; 429, m. 68. The descent
is clearly stated; Sir William de Bradshagh died without issue, and the claimant, as son of Richard son of John de
Bradshagh, brother of Sir William, was
the heir entitled to the manor. For the
Trafford feoffment see Kuerden, loc. cit.
nos. 35–8. |
| 23 |
Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Chet. Soc.), i, 9;
Dep. Keeper's Rep. xxxii, App. 354.
In the aid collected in 1355 William de Bradshagh contributed for the
twelfth part of a knight's fee formerly
held by Hugh le Norreys; Feud. Aids,
iii, 91.
In 1397–8 Isabel, widow and executrix
of William de Bradshagh, was called upon
to account for the issues of a house at
Haigh; L.T.R. Mem. R. 163, m. xiii,
167, m. x. |
| 24 |
Add. MS. 32108, nos. 1491, 1495,
1507. |
| 25 |
He was juror from 1397 to 1425;
Lancs. Inq. (Chet. Soc.), i, 65 &c. In
1399 his feoffees regranted the manor to
him with remainder to James his son and
heir; Kuerden, loc. cit. no. 39.
William de Bradshagh seems to have
been in possession of Haigh at the time of
Thomas's outlawry; Duchy of Lanc.
Knts. Fees, 1/20, fol. 8b. Edward was
there in 1429; Lancs. Inq. (Chet. Soc.),
ii, 35. |
| 26 |
Croston's Baines, iv, 292; his
mother was Margaret, daughter of
Robert de Highfield. It was an earlier
Robert de Highfield who granted lands in
Rudgatehurst to William de Bradshagh
and Mabel his wife; Kuerden, loc. cit.
no. 10, 12. |
| 27 |
Lettice, widow of John Tailor,
summoned a large number of people in
the neighbourhood to answer for the
death of her husband on 2 Feb. 1440–1.
They included James Bradshagh of Haigh,
Alice his wife, William son of James,
Christopher son of Thomas Bradshagh,
the wife of Gilbert (another son of
Thomas), Ivo and Richard, sons of
Thomas son of Ivo Bradshagh of Haigh
or Pennington, Richard Houghton of
Aspull, Ralph and John, sons of
John Gidlow of Aspull, Alexander and
Gilbert Nowell of Read, etc.; Pal. of
Lanc. Plea R. 3, m. 15. James Bradshagh seems to have taken part in the
assault, but was allowed to go sine die;
ibid. m. 37. Two years later the trials
concluded; Christopher Bradshagh was
outlawed for the felony, James had died,
and the rest were all acquitted; ibid. R.
5, m. 18b; 21, 5b. |
| 28 |
Towneley MS. DD, no. 1484. In
1436–7 a dispensation was granted for
the marriage of William Bradshagh and
Agnes daughter of John Gerard of
Ince; Baines, op. cit. (ed. Croston), iv,
292. |
| 29 |
Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 5, m. 24,
ordered to keep the peace towards Thomas Cayley; R. 8, m. 3, and R. 9, m.
10b charged Christopher Bradshagh and
others with waylaying him with intent to
kill, but did not prosecute; m. 12, 19b,
37, accused of trespass and fined for
defaults; R. 10, m. 36b, warrant for his
arrest. A pardon was granted in 1457–8;
Baines, loc. cit. |
| 30 |
By fine in August 1477 the manor
of Haigh with its appurtenances, as also
a water-mill and land in Wigan, were
settled on James son and heir of William
Bradshagh of Haigh, whose widow Agnes
was living, with remainders to Roger,
Ralph, and William, sons of James
Bradshagh and Joan his wife, daughter of
Alexander Standish, and heirs male; Pal.
of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 9, m. 3. The
covenant of marriage between James and
Joan is dated 1463; Baines, loc. cit. |
| 31 |
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. iii, no.
106; James's wife was named Joan, and
Roger's Anne. |
| 32 |
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. vii, no.
16; the fine of 1477 and other settlements are recited. Roger Bradshagh was
'not at home' when the herald came
in 1533, so that only his arms were
recorded; Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 174. His
will is in P.C.C.
Sir Roger's widow Anne married
Nicholas Butler of Rawcliffe and various
disputes followed; Ducatus Lanc. (Rec.
Com.), ii, 70. She died at Hoole
22 Aug. 1554; Duchy Plead. (Rec.
Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), iii, 182.
Henry Bradshagh of Halton, Buckinghamshire, attorney-general of the king,
seems to have been concerned in the
manor; Close, 37 Hen. VIII, pt. ii, no.
46; pt. iv, no. 37. |
| 33 |
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. x, no. 41.
William Bradshaw is named in various
suite of the time; Ducatus (Rec. Com.),
ii, 32. |
| 34 |
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xvii, no.
59; the tenure was unchanged. A
pedigree was recorded in 1567; Visit.
(Chet. Soc.), 88. |
| 35 |
Gibson, Lydiate Hall, 245, quoting
S.P. Dom. Eliz. ccxxxv, 4. His son
Thomas was a serjeant-at-arms to the
queen; Ducatus (Rec. Com.), iii, 295. |
| 36 |
Leland, writing about 1536, noted
that 'Mr. Bradshaw hath a place called
Haigh a mile from Wigan. He hath
found much cannel like sea coal in his
ground, very profitable to him'; Itin. vii,
47. These mines led to various law
suits; see Ducatus (Rec. Com.), ii, 179, &c.
In 1554 Roger Bradshaw said that
he was owner of the demesne lands of
the manor of Haigh, within which there
had always been certain mines or pits of
a kind of fuel called cannel, wherein the
tenants within the lordship had been
accustomed to dig and get cannel to be
'spent and brent' in their tenements,
for which they had paid by boons, presents,
and averages; Duchy Plead. iii, 182. |
| 37 |
James son and heir of Roger Bradshaw married, in or before 1567, Jane
the daughter and heir of Thomas Hoghton
of Hoghton; Dods. MSS. cxlii, fol. 44. |
| 38 |
Richard son of Roger Bradshaw of
Haigh was baptized at Wigan, 28
Dec. 1601; Reg. 51. In 1623, on entering the English College at Rome
under the name of Barton, he gave the
following particulars: 'My true name is
Richard Bradshaw. I am in my twentysecond year, was born in Lancashire, and
for the most part brought up there. My
parents are Roger Bradshaw of Haigh . . .
and Anne his wife. The former, who had
been brought up in the Catholic religion,
left it in his youth; at length, however,
by the goodness of God, about six months
ago, he again embraced the true faith and
I hope will persevere in it until death.
My mother, brought up a Catholic by her
parents [Anderton of Lostock], has never
professed any other religion. I have
seven brothers and six sisters, all of whom
are Catholics. I received some local
schooling until my fifteenth year, when I
gave myself up to hunting and suchlike
youthful sports; but by good fortune
being sent to St. Omers College, I
applied myself to humanity studies. I
was always a Catholic.' He afterwards
joined the Society of Jesus, and from
1655 to 1660 was head of the English
Province; Foley, Rec. Soc. Jesus, i,
229–32, where extracts from his letters
are given; vii, 78; Gillow, Bibl. Dict.
of Engl. Cath. i, 287; Dict. Nat. Biog.
Thomas Bradshaw, a younger brother,
entered the English College from St.
Omers in 1626, and made a similar
declaration: 'My chief relations are
uncles and aunts, all Catholics, except
one uncle, Alexander Bradshaw, who is
a Protestant'; Foley, i, 228. He also
became a Jesuit and laboured in England
from 1650 to 1663; vii, 79. A third
brother Peter, also a Jesuit, served the
English missions from 1650 to 1675, and
was twice rector of the Lancashire
district; ibid. vii, 77. Another brother,
Edward, a Carmelite, after a term of
imprisonment was banished, but returned
to England and ministered at Haigh Hall;
he was a student of English antiquities;
Gillow, op. cit. i, 286. Another brother,
Christopher, was a secular priest. Three
of the sisters were nuns. A brother
William was knighted by Charles I; his
will is printed in Lancs. Wills (Chet. Soc.
new ser.), ii, 66. |
| 39 |
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. xxix, no.
66. His eldest son James was buried
at Wigan 7 June 1631; Royalist Comp.
Papers (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i,
229, 230.
A pedigree was recorded in 1613;
Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 57. Roger refused
knighthood, paying in 1632 a composition
of 20 marks; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs.
and Ches.), i, 222. |
| 40 |
Royalist Comp. Papers, i, 228–33; it is
obvious that strict inquiries were made
by the Commonwealth authorities. There
are numerous references to the family in
the Cal. of Com. for Compounding. |
| 41 |
The guardianship system was a
common and successful means of inducing such conformity.
Dr. Wroe, warden of Manchester, who
preached the funeral sermon, said:
'His religion was true Protestant; not
that of late falsely so called, but that
which is by law established, the religion
of the Church of England; in which he
was happily educated and instructed in
his greener years by the care and directions
of the Right Honourable James, Earl of
Derby, to whom he was entrusted by his
faithful guardian, John Fleetwood of
Penwortham, esq.; to whose religious
designs and the joint endeavours of his
virtuous consort he owed the early
impressions of piety, and in that family
first commenced Protestant, and was
thence sent into the Isle of Man, where
the principles he had already imbibed
were soon cultivated and improved under
the umbrage of that religious, loyal and
great man;' quoted in Pal. Note Bk. ii, 34.
One of his sisters was a nun and the other
married Thomas Culcheth of Culcheth. |
| 42 |
Burke, Extinct Baronetcies. A pedigree was recorded in 1664; Dugdale,
Visit. (Chet. Soc.), 52. |
| 43 |
Pink and Beaven, Parl. Rep. of Lancs.
77, 78. He was made a knight in the
same year; Le Neve, Knights (Harl. Soc.),
77. He was re-elected in 1661, this
Parliament lasting till 1678. There is a
monument to him in Wigan Church;
Bridgeman, op. cit. 701, 702.
In a fine of 1673 the estate is described
as the manor of Haigh, sixty-four
messuages, two water-mills, a saw-mill,
500 acres of land &c., with views of
frankpledge in Haigh and Wigan. The
deforciants were Sir Roger Bradshaw,
kt., Elizabeth his wife, and Roger Bradshaw, esq.; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F. bdle.
191, m. 71. |
| 44 |
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. xiv, App. iv, 84.
There are a number of Bradshaw letters
in this volume. |
| 45 |
Ibid. 161. |
| 46 |
The son represented the borough of
Wigan in 1678, and the county in 1685;
Pink and Beaven, op. cit. 228, 79. Like his
father he was a Tory. He was knighted
in 1679; Le Neve, Knights, 330. |
| 47 |
He was a member for Wigan in
fourteen successive Parliaments from 1695
till his death, 25 Feb. 1746–7; Pink and
Beaven, op. cit. 230–3. According to
this he was Tory down to the accession
of George I, when he became a Whig.
He restored the family chapel in Wigan
Church in 1719; Bridgeman, op. cit. 620.
A view of Haigh Hall as it existed in his
time is given in Baines' Lancs. For
recoveries of the manor in Aug. 1697,
see Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 466; in 1727,
R. 524, m. 7 d.; in 1730, R. 533, m.
2d. |
| 48 |
Little seems to be known of the
last Sir Roger, or of the male descendants
of the previous baronets. |
| 49 |
These and the subsequent particulars
are from the pedigree in Baines, Lancs.
(ed. Croston), iv, 294–296. |
| 50 |
See the note in G.E.C., Complete
Peerage, ii, 419; Herald and Gen. vi, 62;
viii, 186, 187. |
| 51 |
She died 10 Aug. 1816. There is
a monument to her in Wigan Church;
Bridgeman, op. cit. 703. There was a recovery of the manor in 1804; Aug.
Assize, 44 Geo. III, R. 5. |
| 52 |
The Earl of Balcarres resided at Haigh,
which has since remained the principal
seat of the family. He became de jure
23rd Earl of Crawford in 1808, but did not
assume the title. He died in 1825, and
was buried at Wigan; see Dict. Nat. Biog. |
| 53 |
See G.E.C. loc. cit. James, son of
the sixth earl by Elizabeth Dalrymple, was
member for Wigan 1820 to 1825, and was
created Baron Wigan of Haigh Hall in
1826. In 1848 the House of Lords decided that he had justified his claim to the
earldom of Crawford. He died 15 Dec.
1869. For his younger son Colin, see
Dict. Nat. Biog.
The eldest son and heir, Alexander William Crawford Lindsay, Earl of Crawford
and Balcarres, author of Hist. of Christian
Art, &c., died 13 Dec. 1880; see Dict.
Nat. Biog. He was succeeded by his son,
the present lord of Haigh. |
| 54 |
He was member for Wigan 1874 to
1880, is a fellow of the Royal Society, and
was formerly president of the Royal Astronomical Society. |
| 55 |
Lancs. and Ches. Antiq. Soc. i, 59; iii,
236. |
| 56 |
Robert son of Richard de Windle
granted to his brother Adam Haleshurst
and Middlehurst in Haigh; Kuerden MSS.
ii, fol. 213, n. 22. |
| 57 |
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i,
238, 243.
Robert Charnock, in right of James
Bradshaw, claimed possession of a watermill, &c. in Haigh in 1581; Ducatus
(Rec. Com.), iii, 109; see also iii, 435.
Roger Bradshaw was the only landowner
contributing to the subsidy in 1628; Norris D. (B.M.).
Other holders of land in the 16th century
were Thomas Holt, Christopher Anderton,
and Gilbert Sherington, probably as purchasers of land of suppressed monasteries
and chantries. |
| 58 |
Cal. of Com. for Compounding, ii, 1093. |
| 59 |
Bridgeman, Wigan Ch. 783; Lond.
Gaz. 3 Apr. 1838. |
| 60 |
Gastrell, Notitia, ii, 251. |