Adbolton
ADBOLTON, formerly a parish, now a hamlet in
the parish of Holme-Pierrepoint, union of Bingham, S. division of the wapentake of Bingham and of
the county of Nottingham, 3 miles (E. S. E.) from
Nottingham; containing 25 inhabitants. The living, a
discharged rectory, valued in the king's books at
£2. 13. 9., was in 1707 consolidated with the rectory of
Holme-Pierrepoint: the church is in ruins.
Adderbury, East (St. Mary)
ADDERBURY, EAST (St. Mary), a parish, in the
union of Banbury, hundred of Bloxham, county of
Oxford, 3 miles (N. by E.) from Deddington; containing, with the township of West Adderbury, and the
hamlets of Barford St. John, Bodicot, and Milton,
2525 inhabitants. This place, in Domesday book called
Edburgberie, probably derived that name from St.
Edburgh, to whom many religious establishments in
this part of the country were dedicated. In the court
rolls of New College, Oxford, to which the lordship belongs, the name is written "Ebberbury;" and Henry de
Knyghton relates that, by a council of bishops held at
Oxford, a blasphemous impostor, condemned for assuming the office and pretending to the wounds of Christ,
was crucified at "Abberbury," now Adderbury. The
Parish comprises about 5900 acres, of which 1120 are
in West Adderbury, 1240 in Bodicot, 800 in Milton, and
700 in Barford St. John. In the eastern part of the
village stood a magnificent ancient mansion, belonging to
the Duke of Argyll, afterwards the residence of the Earl
of Rochester, and the remains of which are now incorporated with a modern seat.
The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at
£21. 4. 9½.; net income, £818; patrons and appropriators, the Warden and Fellows of New College. The
church, situated on elevated ground, is a handsome cruciform structure in the early and decorated English
styles, with a massive square tower strengthened by angular buttresses, and crowned with a pierced parapet,
from within which rises an octagonal spire, having at the
base four octagonal pyramids surmounted with vanes.
Between the north transept and the east end of the chancel is an octagonal turret, crowned with battlements.
The chancel, of beautiful proportions, and built by
William of Wykeham, is lighted by windows of elegant
design, lately restored: part of the ancient rood-loft, of
exquisite workmanship, is remaining; also some fine
tracery; and the whole of the interior is replete with rich
details, interspersed with grotesque ornaments. In the
hamlets of Bodicot and Barford St. John are other
churches, both ancient structures, supposed to have been
erected in the fourteenth century; and the old parsonage, now a farmhouse, retains much of its original character. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans.
Adderbury, West
ADDERBURY, WEST, a township, in the parish
of East Adderbury, union of Banbury, hundred of
Bloxham, county of Oxford, 2 miles (N.) from Deddington; containing 442 inhabitants.
Adderley (St. Peter)
ADDERLEY (St. Peter), a parish, in the union of
Drayton, Drayton division of the hundred of North
Bradford, N. division of Salop, 4 miles (N. by W.)
from Drayton; containing 404 inhabitants. It is situated
on the Liverpool and Shrewsbury road, and the Chester
and Ellesmere canal; and comprises 3750a. 1r. 23p.,
of which 962½ acres are arable, 2493½ pasture and
meadow, and 294 woodland. The living is a rectory,
valued in the king's books at £11. 6. 0½., and in the
patronage of the Rev. H. C. Cotton, for the next turn;
afterwards, of Richard Corbett, Esq., of Adderley Hall.
The tithes have been commuted for £666. 16.; and there
are about 19 acres of glebe, with a glebe-house, rebuilt in
1800. The parish has sundry donations for doles of
bread to widows each Sunday, and for a distribution of
money on St. Thomas's day; also an alternate turn with
Muckleston, of money to place six poor boys at school,
and two as apprentices.
Adderstone
ADDERSTONE, a township, in the parish of Bambrough, union of Belford, N. division of Bambrough
ward and of Northumberland, 3 miles (S. E. by S.)
from Belford; containing 302 inhabitants. The manor
was possessed by the ancient family of Forster, from
whom it came, in 1763, to John William Bacon, Esq.,
by whom the present handsome mansion, which stands
near the site of the old hall, on the west bank of the
Warn, was erected, and whose successor sold the estate
to J. Pratt, Esq.
Addingham (St. Michael)
ADDINGHAM (St. Michael), a parish, in the union
of Penrith, Leath ward, E. division of Cumberland,
1½ mile (S. E.) from Kirk-Oswald; containing, with
the townships of Gamblesby, Glassonby, Hunsonby and
Winskel, and Little Salkeld, 735 inhabitants. It is
bounded on the west by the river Eden, and the Roman
road called Maiden-way may be traced here in many
parts of its course: there are some quarries of red freestone. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's
books at £9. 4. 7.; net income, £253; patrons and
appropriators, the Dean and Chapter of Carlisle. The
church is situated in the township of Glassonby: at
Gamblesby are places of worship for Independents and
Wesleyans; also one for the latter at Hunsonby; and
there are well-endowed free schools at Hunsonby and
Maughamby. At Little Salkeld is a remarkable monument supposed to be Druidical, commonly called
'Long Meg and her Daughters," consisting of 67 stones
varying in shape and height, which form a circle about
350 feet in diameter; and in the same township was
anciently a chapel, the site of which, according to tradition, was at a village called Addingham, on the eastern
bank of the Eden, where human bones, crosses, and
other remains, have been dug up. Dr. Paley, the celebrated theological writer, held the living.
Addingham (St. Peter)
ADDINGHAM (St. Peter), a parish, in the union
of Skipton, partly in the E. division of the wapentake
of Staincliffe and Ewcross, and partly in the Upper
division of the wapentake of Claro, W. riding of York,
6 miles (E. by S.) from Skipton; containing 1753 inhabitants, of whom 1527 are in the township of Addingham. It is situated on the western side of the river
Wharfe, and within the liberty of Clifford's Fee, and
comprises about 4000 acres, of which 900 are open
common: the soil is fertile, and the surface varied and
pleasing; freestone of good quality is abundant, and extensively quarried. Farfield Hall, in the parish, is a
handsome mansion in the Italian style, originally built
by the Earl of Burlington, and is finely situated, commanding beautiful views of the river and of the picturesque valley through which it flows. The village, which
consists of irregularly detached houses, extends nearly
a mile in length: a portion of the inhabitants are employed in cotton and worsted mills, and in hand-loom
weaving. The living is a discharged rectory, valued in
the king's books at £9. 7. 8½.; income, about £400,
with a glebe-house beautifully situated; patron, the
Rev. William Thompson. The tithes of the township
have been commuted for £197, and the glebe consists of
20 acres. The church, which was rebuilt in 1757, is a
neat structure with a square tower, and is seated on an
eminence overlooking the river; it contains 450 sittings.
There are places of worship for the Society of Friends,
Primitive Methodists, and Wesleyans. On Counter
Hill, about a mile from the village, are the remains of a
Roman encampment, and some traces of a Roman road.
A massive and antique ring of gold was found in the
churchyard some years since.
Addington (St. Mary)
ADDINGTON (St. Mary), a parish, in the union,
hundred, and county of Buckingham, 1¾ mile (W.N.W.)
from Winslow; containing 84 inhabitants. It comprises about 1500 acres; the surface is in general level,
and the soil good pasture. The living is a rectory,
valued in the king's books at £9. 9. 7.; net income,
£200; patron, John Poulett, Esq.: the glebe consists of
100 acres. On the border of the parish is a place called
"Gallows Gap," where, in the reign of Edward III., a
gallows was erected by the family of Molines, who, as
lords of the barony, possessed the power of trying and
executing capital offenders.
Addington (St. Margaret)
ADDINGTON (St. Margaret), a parish, in the
union of Malling, hundred of Larkfield, lathe of
Aylesford, W. division of Kent, 8 miles (N. W. by W.)
from Maidstone; containing 208 inhabitants. The
parish comprises 942 acres, whereof 70 are under wood.
Here is one of those land springs very common in the
eastern part of Kent, called the Ailbourn, which breaks
out with great impetuosity once in seven or eight years,
directing its course into a trench dug for its reception,
till it arrives at the Leybourn rivulet, the trout in which,
at other times white, it turns to a red colour. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £6. 6. 8.;
net income, £160; patron, the Hon. J. W. Stratford:
the glebe consists of 26 acres. The church is pleasantly situated in the midst of foliage on rising ground
within a valley, near which are remains, supposed to be
Druidical.
Addington (St. Mary)
ADDINGTON (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of
Croydon, First division of the hundred of Wallington, E. division of Surrey, 3½ miles (E. S. E.) from
Croydon; containing 580 inhabitants. The manor is
held by the singular tenure of making and presenting to
the king, at his coronation, a mess of pottage called
mewpergynon; subject to the performance of which, a
carucate of land here was granted to Tezelin, cook to
William the Conqueror. The parish comprises by admeasurement 3635 acres, 500 of which are under wood
or uncultivated. The village is situated at the foot of a
range of hills to which it gives its name; and adjacent
to these hills also is Addington Place, which, in 1807,
was purchased by Dr. Sutton, Archbishop of Canterbury,
with the funds arising from the sale of the archiepiscopal palace at Croydon. The mansion was originally
erected by Alderman Trecothick, on the site of an ancient edifice said to have been a hunting seat of Henry
VIII.; it was improved by Dr. Sutton, and has been
rebuilt with the addition of wings, and the grounds
much extended, by Dr. Howley. The living is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at
£4. 16. 5½.; patron, the Archbishop; impropriators,
the landowners. The great and small tithes have been
commuted, the former for £559. 18. 6., and the latter
for £208. 4.; and there is a small glebe. The church,
consisting of a nave, chancel, and south aisle, with a low,
square, embattled tower, was thoroughly repaired in
1843: in the chancel lie the remains of Archbishop
Sutton. Near the church is an eminence called Castle
hill, on which it is said a castle anciently stood; and on
the brow of the hill adjoining Addington common, and
now in the park, are several low tumuli, in which urns
have been found.
Addington, Great (All Saints)
ADDINGTON, GREAT (All Saints), a parish, in
the union of Thrapston, hundred of Huxloe, N. division of the county of Northampton, 4½ miles (S. W.)
from Thrapston; containing 266 inhabitants. It is situated on the left bank of the navigable river Nene, and
comprises 1233a. 3r. 31p.; the surface is pleasantly diversified with hill and dale, and the soil runs through many
varieties. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's
books at £10. 12. 8½.; net income, £315; patron and
incumbent, the Rev. James Tyley. The tithes were
commuted for 327 acres of land and a money payment,
under an inclosure act, in 1803.
Addington, Little (St. Mary)
ADDINGTON, LITTLE (St. Mary), a parish, in
the union of Thrapston, hundred of Huxloe, N. division of the county of Northampton, 3¼ miles (N.) from
Higham-Ferrers; containing 299 inhabitants. The
parish is bounded by the river Nene, and consists of
1104a. 3r. 29p. of a moderately productive soil. On the
opposite side of the Nene runs a branch of the London
and Birmingham railway, from Northampton to Peterborough, with a station at a convenient distance from
this place. The living is a discharged vicarage, endowed
with the great tithes, and valued in the king's books at
£7. 12.; net income, £245; patron, G. Capron, Esq.
The tithes of the parish were commuted for land and a
money payment, under an inclosure act, passed in the
year 1830.
Addle, or Adel (St. John the Baptist)
ADDLE, or Adel (St. John the Baptist), a parish,
in the Upper division of the wapentake of Skyrack, W.
riding of York; containing 1121 inhabitants, of whom
785 are in the township of Addle-cum-Eccup, 5¾ miles
(N. N. W.) from Leeds. This place, anciently called
Adhill, from the Ada of the Saxons, and in some documents Adel, was the site of the Roman station Burgodunum, of which some traces, with many inscribed
stones, fragments of urns, and the remains of an aqueduct, were discovered in 1702 on an adjacent moor.
Near this moor are still the vestiges of a camp 120
yards in length, and 90 yards in breadth, in which Roman
altars, numerous coins, and various other relics, have
been found. The parish is bounded on the north by
the river Wharfe, and comprises by computation 8000
acres; the surface is varied, and the scenery generally of
pleasing character. The hamlet of Eccup, which is near
the site of the camp, abounds with springs of excellent
water, from which the Leeds new water-works are supplied. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books
at £16. 3. 4.; net income, £623; patron, W. T. Carruthers, Esq.: the glebe comprises 164 acres, with a good
house. The church is a venerable structure of Norman
design, and one of the most perfect specimens of that
style in the kingdom; the south doorway is highly enriched, and many of its details are of great elegance.
Thos. Kirk, Esq., in 1701, bequeathed to the poor the
sum of £800, which has been laid out in the purchase of
two houses and 82 acres of land.
Addlestone
ADDLESTONE, an ecclesiastical district, in the
parish and union of Chertsey, Second division of the
hundred of Godley, W. division of Surrey; containing about 2000 inhabitants. The lands were inclosed in
1808, and include a considerable extent of meadow; the
dwellings are much scattered, and interspersed with
several seats and villas. A church in the early English
style, dedicated to St. Paul, and affording accommodation
for 800 persons, has been erected at an expense of about
£3000, raised by subscription; it has been endowed with
£2000 by Miss Wightwick, whose family has long resided in the parish, and the patronage is vested in the
Bishop of Winchester. The consecration took place in
Jan. 1838; and the benefice was augmented in 1841 by
the Ecclesiastical Commissioners to £150 per annum.
Near the west end of the church is a parsonage-house,
built by subscription at a cost of £970. An ancient and
venerable tree here, called the Crouch oak, is stated by
tradition to have in former ages marked the boundary of
Windsor Forest, in this direction; and Queen Elizabeth
is said to have dined beneath its shadow: the girth, at
two feet from the ground, is 24 feet.
Addlethorpe (St. Nicholas)
ADDLETHORPE (St. Nicholas), a parish, in the
union of Spilsby, Marsh division of the wapentake of
Candleshoe, parts of Lindsey, county of Lincoln,
9½ miles (E. S. E.) from Alford; containing 238 inhabitants. It contains about 2000 acres of land, on the
coast, and is subject to encroachments of the sea, against
which it is necessary to maintain an embankment at a
considerable expense. The living is a discharged rectory,
valued in the king's books at £9. 10. 2½., and in the gift
of the Crown: the tithes have been commuted for £140,
and the glebe consists of about 7 acres. The church is
a fine specimen of the perpendicular style, and consists
of a nave, north and south aisles, and a tower. There
is a place of worship for Methodists.
Adforton, with Stanway, Payton, and Grange
ADFORTON, with Stanway, Payton, and Grange,
a township, in the parish of Leintwardine, union of
Knighton, hundred of Wigmore, county of Hereford, 8½ miles (W. S. W.) from Ludlow; containing
288 inhabitants, and comprising 1565 acres. The surface is boldly undulated, and the southern portion well
wooded. On an eminence at the northern extremity
are the remains of a Roman encampment called Brandon
camp. The road from Leintwardine to Wigmore passes
through the village of Adforton.
Adgarley
ADGARLEY, a township, in the parish of Urswick,
union of Ulverston, hundred of Lonsdale north of
the Sands, N. division of the county of Lancaster,
2 miles (S. E. by E.) from Dalton; containing 45 inhabitants.
Adisham (Holy Innocents)
ADISHAM (Holy Innocents), a parish, in the
union of Bridge, hundred of Downhamford, lathe of
St. Augustine, E. division of Kent, 2¾ miles (S. W.
by S.) from Wingham; containing 372 inhabitants. It
lies a little to the east of the high road from Canterbury
to Dover, and comprises 1815 acres, of which 189 are in
wood. The living is a rectory, with the perpetual
curacy of Staple annexed, valued in the king's books at
£28. 3. 1½., and in the gift of the Archbishop of Canterbury: the tithes have been commuted for £747, and
there are about 13 acres of glebe, with a house. The
church is a large cruciform edifice with a low tower, in
the early style of English architecture, except the large
window of the transept, which is in the decorated style;
the altar-piece is embellished with curious paintings on
wood of the Four Evangelists.
Adlestrop (St. Mary Magdalene)
ADLESTROP (St. Mary Magdalene), a parish, in
the union of Stow-on the-Wold, Upper division of
the hundred of Slaughter, E. division of the county
of Gloucester, 3¾ miles (E. by N.) from Stow; containing 200 inhabitants. It is bounded on the southeast by the road from Stow to Chipping-Norton, and on
the south-west by the river Evenlode; and is situated
on the borders of Oxfordshire, not far distant from the
southern extremity of the county of Warwick. The
living is a rectory not in charge, annexed to that of
Broadwell: the tithes were partially commuted for land,
under an inclosure act, in 1775. The church, with the
exception of the tower, was rebuilt in 1764.
Adlingfleet (All Saints)
ADLINGFLEET (All Saints), a parish, in the
union of Goole, Lower division of the wapentake of
Osgoldcross, W. riding of York; comprising the
townships of Eastoft, Fockerby, and Haldenby; and containing 448 inhabitants, of whom 199 are in the township of Adlingfleet, 9½ miles (S. E.) from Howden. This
parish is situated on the borders of Lincolnshire, between the rivers Ouse and Trent, and contains 4580
acres, forming a continuation of the great level of Hatfield Chase; the soil is chiefly clay, and, though the
surface is flat, the scenery is pleasing. The living is a
vicarage, valued in the king's books at £9. 12. 11., and
has a net income of £280; it is in the patronage of the
Crown, and the impropriation belongs to Catherine Hall,
Cambridge. The tithes for the townships of Adlingfleet, Fockerby, and Haldenby, were commuted for land
and a money payment, under an inclosure act, in 1767.
The church, which is a small edifice, was repaired in
1828 at an expense of £500. There are two places of
worship for Methodists; and at Fockerby is a free
grammar school.