Cooling (St. James)
COOLING (St. James), a parish, in the union of
Hoo, hundred of Shamwell, lathe of Aylesford, W.
division of Kent, 6 miles (N. by E.) from Rochester;
containing 144 inhabitants. This parish, originally
called Colniges or Colneges, from its bleak situation, and
at a later period Cowling, contains the remains of a
castle built in 1331, formerly of great strength, but long
since dismantled; they occupy eight acres. The parish
is bounded on the north by that part of the Thames
named Sea-reach, and comprises 1544 acres of land,
the substratum of which is chalk: there are 30 acres of
wood. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's
books at £14, and in the gift of T. Best, Esq.: the
tithes have been commuted for £570, and the glebe
contains about 9 acres. In the church is a tomb of
Lord Cobham.
Cooling (St. Margaret)
COOLING (St. Margaret), a parish, in the union
and hundred of Risbridge, W. division of Suffolk,
8¼ miles (N. N. W.) from Clare; containing 882 inhabitants. There are fairs on July 31st and October 17th.
Branches Hall, in the parish, is a large and handsome
mansion. The living is a perpetual curacy; net income,
£100; patrons and impropriators, the Master and Fellows of Trinity Hall, Cambridge. Wm. Deynes, in the
35th of Elizabeth, bequeathed estates here, the proceeds
to be equally divided among the parishes of Cooling,
Hargrave, Barrow, and Moulton.
Cool-Pilate
COOL-PILATE, a township, in the parish of Acton,
union and hundred of Nantwich, S. division of the
county of Chester, 4 miles (S.) from Nantwich; containing 59 inhabitants. In this township were two
Halls, with considerable estates annexed to each; one
belonging to the Whitneys, and more recently to the
Darlingtons and Tomkinsons; the other, to the St.
Pierres, and subsequently to the Davenports, whose
representative sold it in 1786. The township comprises 635 acres, of a clayey soil. The river Weaver
passes on the east. The impropriate tithes have been
commuted for £45, and the vicarial for £12. 18.
Coombe
COOMBE, a township, in the parish of Presteign,
union of Knighton, hundred of Wigmore, county of
Hereford, 2½ miles (E. S. E.) from Presteign; containing 121 inhabitants. It consists of 608 acres, and
is intersected by the river Lug, which partly separates it
on the north-west from Wales, and is joined here by
the brook Endwell. Many vestiges of British encampments are to be seen in the vicinity.
Coombe
COOMBE, a hamlet, in the parish of Huish-Episcopi, union of Langport, E. division of the hundred
of Kingsbury, W. division of Somerset; containing
25 inhabitants.
Coombe
COOMBE, a tything, in the parish and hundred of
East Meon, union of Petersfield, Petersfield and N.
divisions of the county of Southampton; containing
44 inhabitants.
Coombe, Bissett (St. Michael)
COOMBE, BISSETT (St. Michael), a parish, in
the union of Alderbury, hundred of Cawden and
Cadworth, Salisbury and Amesbury, and S. divisions
of Wilts, 3 miles (S. W.) from Salisbury; containing
406 inhabitants. The parish derives its name from its
situation in one of the narrow bourns, or combes, with
which Salisbury Plain is intersected, and its distinguishing adjunct from the family to which it formerly
belonged. It is on the road from Salisbury to Blandford and Exeter, and comprises about 2200 acres. The
living is a discharged vicarage, with that of Harnham
annexed, valued in the king's books at £7; patron, the
Prebendary of Coombe and Harnham in the Cathedral
of Salisbury; impropriator, the Earl of Radnor. The
great tithes have been commuted for £370, and the
impropriator's glebe contains 130 acres; the vicarial
tithes have been commuted for £210, of which £50 are
for Harnham, and there is a glebe-house. The church
is in the later English style.
Coombe-Keynes (Holy Rood)
COOMBE-KEYNES (Holy Rood), a parish, in the
union of Wareham and Purbeck, hundred of Winfrith, Wareham division of Dorset, 6 miles (W. S. W.)
from Wareham; containing 135 inhabitants. The village appears, from numerous old foundations and traces
of the sites of gardens, to have been originally of greater
extent, and is supposed to have dwindled into its present state of a few inconsiderable cottages, from the
want of a supply of water. Sandstone of very inferior
quality is dug on the heath land for fences. The living
is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at
£13. 18. 11½., and in the gift of J. Weld, Esq., the impropriator: the great tithes have been commuted for
£201. 15., and the vicarial for £110. The church is
partly early English, and partly of later date.
Coombs
COOMBS, a parish, in the union and hundred of
Steyning, rape of Bramber, W. division of Sussex,
2 miles (S. E. by S.) from Steyning; containing 80 inhabitants. It is bounded on the east by the navigable
river Adur, and comprises about 1400 acres of arable
and pasture land in nearly equal portions. The living
is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £10. 0. 2½.,
and in the gift of Colonel Wyndham: the tithes have
been commuted for £192, and the glebe contains 16¾
acres. The church is in the early English style. On
the Downs are traces of tumuli.
Coombs-Edge
COOMBS-EDGE, a township, in the parish and
union of Chapel-En-Le-Frith, hundred of High Peak,
N. division of the county of Derby, 2¼ miles (N. W. by
W.) from Buxton; containing 328 inhabitants.
Copdock (St. Peter)
COPDOCK (St. Peter), a parish, in the incorporation and hundred of Samford, E. division of Suffolk,
3¼ miles (W. S. W.) from Ipswich; containing 299 inhabitants. The living is a discharged rectory, with the
vicarage of Washbrook annexed, valued in the king's
books at £9. 12. 8½., and in the gift of Lord Walsingham: the tithes have been commuted for £300, and the
glebe comprises 28 acres, with a glebe-house. Copdock
Hall was the property of Lord Chief Justice de Grey.
Copford
COPFORD, a parish, in the union of Lexden and
Winstree, Witham division of the hundred of Lexden,
N. division of Essex, 4 miles (W. S. W.) from Colchester; containing 645 inhabitants. It is situated on the
road from London to Colchester, and comprises a very
irregular area, about thirteen miles in circumference.
The lands are generally low, in some parts undulated,
and the soil is gravelly, producing fair average crops;
the scenery is in general pleasing, and enlivened with
several fine sheets of water. The manor was the property of the bishops of London from a remote period
till the time of the Conquest. The living is a rectory,
valued in the king's books at £15. 3. 4., and in the patronage of the Crown: the tithes have been commuted
for £660, and the glebe comprises 74 acres, with a glebehouse. The church, an ancient structure, is principally
of Norman architecture; the walls are of unusual thickness, and the chancel is circular. Bonner, Bishop of
London, who was lord of the manor, resided for a considerable time at Copford Hall.
Copgrove (St. Michael)
COPGROVE (St. Michael), a parish, in the Lower
division of the wapentake of Claro, W. riding of York,
4¾ miles (S. W. by W.) from Boroughbridge; containing
103 inhabitants. It comprises 1000 acres, the surface
of which is hilly, and the soil gravelly: a small stream,
a tributary to the Ure, passes on the west, and separates
the place from the parish of Burton-Leonard. The
living is a discharged rectory, valued in the king's books
at £5. 9. 7., and in the gift of T. Duncombe, Esq., of
Copgrove Hall: the tithes have been commuted for
£170, and the glebe contains 23 acres, with a glebehouse. St. Mongah's Well, in the village, was formerly
celebrated for its medicinal properties.
Cople (All Saints)
COPLE (All Saints), a parish, in the union of
Bedford, hundred of Wixamtree, county of Bedford,
4 miles (E. by S.) from Bedford; containing 551 inhabitants. This parish, which is intersected by the road
from Oxford to Cambridge, and bounded on the north
by the navigable river Ouse, comprises by computation
2108 acres, whereof 1350 are arable, 580 pasture, and
50 wood. The living is a discharged vicarage, valued
in the king's books at £7; net income, £215; patrons
and appropriators, the Dean and Canons of ChristChurch, Oxford: the glebe consists of 7 acres, with a
glebe-house. The church is in the later English style,
and contains some brasses. There is an old house formerly belonging to the family of Luke, one of whom,
Sir S. Luke, employed Butler, the poet, as secretary, and
was ridiculed under the character of Hudibras.
Copmanthorpe
COPMANTHORPE, a chapelry, in the parish of
St. Mary-Bishopshill-Junior, E. division of Ainsty
wapentake, union and W. riding of York, 4 miles (S. W.
by S.) from York; containing 284 inhabitants. This
chapelry, called in old documents Temple-Copmanthorpe, comprises by measurement 1652 acres, of which
1337 are arable, 236 meadow and pasture, 30 woodland,
and 47 common. The York and North-Midland railway
passes through. The living is a perpetual curacy, with
the living of Upper Poppleton annexed; patron, the Vicar
of the parish; net income, £100. The tithes have
been commuted for £498. 15., of which £430 are payable
to the Dean and Chapter of York, and £68. 15. to the
vicar, the former having also a glebe of 25 acres, and
the latter a glebe of one acre. The chapel is a small
plain building: a faculty was granted in 1750, for inclosing a chapelyard for the interment of the dead.
There is a place of worship for Wesleyans. Adjoining
the hamlet is a field called "Temple field," in which,
according to tradition, stood a temple; of what description, or to whom dedicated, there is no record; but
stones, evidently parts of pillars, and others curiously
carved, have been found in the field, and in the fields
adjoining, and similar ones appear also in the walls of
some of the oldest houses.
Copp.—See Eccleston, Great.
COPP.—See Eccleston, Great.
Coppenhall (St. Michael)
COPPENHALL (St. Michael), a parish, in the
union and hundred of Nantwich, S. division of the
county of Chester; comprising 2629 acres, and containing, in 1841, 747 inhabitants, of whom 544 were in
the township of Church-Coppenhall, 5 miles (N. E.)
from Nantwich, and 203 in that of Monks-Coppenhall.
The manor of Church-Coppenhall belonged soon after
the Conquest to the family of Waschett; about the end
of the thirteenth century it is supposed to have passed
to the De Orrebys, and among subsequent owners have
been the families of Corbet, Hulse, Shaw, and Broughton.
Monks-Coppenhall appears to derive its prefix from
having belonged at an early period to the monks of Combermere: of the families that have held the property
since, may be named those of Crue, Burnell, Vernon,
and Cholmondeley. The Liverpool and Birmingham
railway extends for nearly 2½ miles in the parish, the
Chester and Crewe railway for a mile and a half, and
the Crewe and Manchester for nearly two miles. (See
Crewe.) The living is a rectory, valued in the king's
books at £6. 10., and in the patronage of the Bishop
of Lichfield: the tithes have been commuted for £275,
and the glebe comprises 10 acres. The church, built of
wood and plaster, in the style which prevailed in the reign
of Elizabeth, was taken down, and rebuilt of brick, in
1821. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans.
Coppenhall
COPPENHALL, a chapelry, in the parish and union
of Penkridge, E. division of the hundred of Cuttlestone, S. division of the county of Stafford, 3 miles
(S. by W.) from Stafford; containing 119 inhabitants.
It comprises 963a. 2r. 5p., about three-fourths of which
are arable, and the rest pasture and meadow. The living
is a perpetual curacy; net income, £85; patron and
impropriator, Lord Hatherton. The chapel, dedicated
to St. Lawrence, is built of timber and brickwork, of
the reign of Elizabeth.
Coppingford (All Saints)
COPPINGFORD (All Saints), a parish, in the
hundred of Leightonstone, union and county of
Huntingdon, 7 miles (N. W. by N.) from Huntingdon;
containing 45 inhabitants. It comprises by measurement 807 acres, of which 537 are arable, 200 pasture,
and 70 wood. The living is a rectory, consolidated
with that of Upton, and valued in the king's books at
£18. 13. 1½.: the church is in ruins.
Coppin-Sike, with Ferry-Corner
COPPIN-SIKE, with Ferry-Corner, an extraparochial liberty, in the union of Boston, wapentake of
Kirton, parts of Holland, county of Lincoln; containing 42 inhabitants.
Coppull
COPPULL, a township, and an ecclesiastical district,
in the parish of Standish, union of Chorley, hundred
of Leyland, N. division of the county of Lancaster,
4 miles (S. S. W.) from Chorley; the township containing 1031 inhabitants. Richard Fitz-Thomas, lord of
Coppull, before the general use of dates in charters,
gave to the priory of Burscough a part of his land, and
"pannage in the woods of Coppull, with common of
pasture, and all the easements and liberties appertaining
to the town of Coppull." In the 5th of Charles I.,
Edward Rigbye held the manor, which was subsequently
sold to the Hodgson family. The township was originally
skirted by a copse, and hence, probably, derived its name;
it is of level surface, and commands fine views of the
Rivington hills. There is an extensive coal-mine, also
some print-works; see Birkacre. One of the stations
of the North-Union railway is situated here. The
ecclesiastical district includes the townships of Charnock-Richard and Welsh-Whittle: the living is a
perpetual curacy; net income, £120; patron, the
Rector of Standish. The church was built in 1657, rebuilt and enlarged in 1758, and repaired in 1840. The
tithes of Coppull have been commuted for £261. 12. 6.
A national school was built in 1847.
Copston Magna
COPSTON MAGNA, a chapelry, in the parish of
Monks-Kirby, union of Lutterworth, Kirby division
of the hundred of Knightlow, N. division of the
county of Warwick, about 5 miles (S. S. E.) from
Hinckley; containing 113 inhabitants. This place,
called Great Copston, to distinguish it from Copston
Fields, or Copston Parva, a hamlet in the parish of
Wolvey, owes its name to one Copst, who possessed it
in the time of the Saxons. It comprises 1080 acres,
whereof two-thirds are arable, and the remainder meadow
and pasture. The chief proprietor is the Earl of Denbigh.
The chapel is part of a larger edifice.
Corbetstye
CORBETSTYE, a hamlet, in the parish of Upminster, union of Romford, hundred of Chafford, S. division of Essex; containing 177 inhabitants.
Corbridge (St. Andrew)
CORBRIDGE (St. Andrew), a parish, in the union
of Hexham, E. division of Tindale ward, S. division
of Northumberland; comprising the townships of
Aydon, Aydon-Castle, Clarewood, Corbridge, Dilston,
Halton, Halton-Shields, Thornborough, and Great and
Little Whittington; and containing 2103 inhabitants, of
whom 1356 are in the township of Corbridge, 4½ miles
(E.) from Hexham. This place, which is of great antiquity, appears to have been known to the Romans, who,
at a short distance to the west, had a station on the
line of the Watling-street, supposed by Camden to have
been the Curia Ottadinarum of Ptolemy, and by Horsley
the Corstopitum of Antoninus, and which is now called
Corchester. In 1138, David, King of Scotland, who
made frequent incursions into the English territories, encamped his forces at this place; which was subsequently
burnt by the Scots in 1296, and again in 1311. From
its great importance, King John, expecting to find concealed treasure, directed a search to be made here, but
without effect. This monarch, in the 6th year of his
reign, bestowed the manor upon Robert de Clavering,
Baron of Warkworth; and the last baron having granted
his Northumberland estates to the crown in reversion,
they were given by Edward III. to Henry Percy, in
whose line they continue to this day. During the parliamentary war, a battle was fought here between the
royalists and the Scottish forces. The place was formerly a borough and market-town, had extensive privileges, and returned members to parliament. Some
vestiges of its ancient consequence are still apparent:
to the south of the church is a venerable tower, once
used as the town gaol; and a little to the east is an
eminence called Gallow Hill, the place of execution
for criminals. It early carried on a considerable trade,
and that it was originally of much greater extent, is
evident, from the former existence of three additional
churches, severally dedicated to St. Mary, St. Helen, and
the Holy Trinity, the sites of which are well known.
The parish is bounded on the south by the river Tyne,
and measures nine miles and a half in length from southeast to north-west, and about six miles in average
breadth; the soil near the river is a rich and deep
mould, and in other parts poor and shallow, but producing favourable crops. Coal, limestone, and lead-ore
are found, and also excellent fire-clay, used in the manufacture of fire-bricks and earthenware articles. The
lands are intersected by the streams Dilston and Cor,
which flow through the parish into the Tyne; and the
Newcastle and Carlisle railroad passes by. The village
is pleasantly situated to the north of the Tyne, over
which is a bridge of seven arches, erected in 1674: near
the centre of the former market-place is a cross, built in
1814, by the Duke of Northumberland. A fair held on
the eve, day, and morrow of St. John the Baptist, has
been discontinued; but there are fairs for live-stock,
among the largest in the kingdom, at Stagshaw Bank,
within the parish, on Whitsun-eve and July 4th, at the
latter of which much linen and woollen cloth, brought
from Scotland, is also exposed for sale; and a trystfair, established in 1820, is held on Nov. 24th. The
living is a vicarage, valued in the king's books at
£11. 11. 8.; net income, £482; patrons and appropriators, the Dean and Chapter of Carlisle. The great
tithes of Corbridge and Thornborough have been commuted for £695, and the small tithes for £306. The
church is a neat edifice, supposed to have been built
with materials brought from the ruins of the Roman
station in the neighbourhood. At Halton is a chapel of
ease, in the burial-ground of which is a Roman altar.
There is a place of worship for Wesleyans. Ann Radcliffe, in 1699, bequeathed £10 per annum for apprenticing children; Elizabeth Radcliffe, in 1688, gave
a rent-charge of £10, and the Rev. Robert Troutbeck,
in 1706, lands producing £30 per annum, to the poor.
Corby (St. John the Evangelist)
CORBY (St. John the Evangelist), a village or
market-town, and a parish, in the union of Bourne,
wapentake of Beltisloe, parts of Kesteven, county of
Lincoln, 33 miles (S. by E.) from Lincoln, and 103
(N. by W.) from London; containing 714 inhabitants.
The parish is on the road from Bourne to Colsterworth,
and comprises by computation 2724 acres, of which
more than 1000 are old inclosure, 305 wood, 270 pasture,
and the rest arable. The village is pleasantly situated in
a valley, resting on a rocky base, and the lands are
richly diversified with hill and dale, interspersed with
ash and oak: the soil is in some parts clayey and in
others stony. The market, which has nearly fallen into
disuse, is on Wednesday; the fairs are on August 6th
and the Monday before October 10th, for cattle and
horses. The living is a discharged vicarage, united
to the rectory of Irnham, and valued in the king's books
at £5. 12. 1½.: the impropriate tithes have been commuted for £100, and the vicarial for £126; the glebe
contains 91 acres. The church is an ancient structure,
in the early English style. A grammar school was
founded in 1669, by Charles Reed, who endowed it
with a rent-charge of £48. 15.
Corby (St. John The Baptist)
CORBY (St. John The Baptist), a parish, in the
union of Kettering, hundred of Corby, N. division of
the county of Northampton, 2½ miles (S. E.) from
Rockingham; containing 791 inhabitants. It is intersected by the road from Oundle to Harborough, and
comprises 2613a. 3r. 30p. Building-stone is found
in great plenty; the stone is used also for the roads.
The ancient family of the lords Latimer held property
in the parish in early times; the manor is now vested in
the Earl of Cardigan. The living is a rectory, valued in
the king's books at £13. 16. 3., and in the gift of the
Earl. The church is a uniform and beautiful specimen
of the decorated style, and consists of a chancel, nave,
south aisle, and south porch, with a western tower and
spire; it was probably erected at the commencement of
the 14th century. The porch is entirely of stone, the
roof being supported by two arched stone ribs. The
edifice was internally in a very dilapidated state, but
has been successfully restored; the piers, arches, and
windows have been scraped, and relieved from many
coats of whitewash, and new open seats have been put
up, possessing the character of the old oak seats. In
the church is a tomb, supposed to cover the remains of
a lord Latimer; and in the churchyard is a monument
of old date, remarkable for the beauty of its design,
and its picturesque effect. The Independents have a
small place of worship. There is a national school,
supported by the Earl of Cardigan; also a British and
Foreign school for boys and girls, endowed by Mr.
Rowlatt, a former inhabitant of the village.
Corby, Great
CORBY, GREAT, a township, in the parish of
Wetheral, union of Carlisle, Eskdale ward, E.
division of Cumberland, 6¼ miles (E. S. E.) from Carlisle; containing 806 inhabitants. The village is pleasantly situated on the east bank of the Eden; and contiguous to it, on the summit of a precipitous cliff, stands
Corby Castle, anciently the seat of the Salkelds, who
inherited it from Hubert de Vallibus, Baron of Gilsland,
and from whom it passed by purchase to its present
possessors, the Howards, a branch of the Norfolk family.
The mansion was much modernised and improved in
1813, and the scenery and walks surrounding it abound
in natural beauties. The Corby viaduct for conveying
the Newcastle and Carlisle railway over Corby, or Drybeck, valley, consists of seven arches spanning 40 feet
each; the height from the ground is 70 feet, the whole
length 480 feet, and as a specimen of architecture it is
little inferior to Wetheral bridge. A school was endowed in 1720 with 25 acres of land, yielding about £20
per annum.
Corby, Little
CORBY, LITTLE, a township, in the parish of
Warwick, union of Bampton, Eskdale ward, E. division of Cumberland, 5½ miles (E. by N.) from Carlisle; containing 283 inhabitants. The village is situated at the junction of the Eden and Irthing rivers.
Corely (St. Peter)
CORELY (St. Peter), a parish, in the union of
Cleobury-Mortimer, hundred of Stottesden, S. division of Salop, 4½ miles (N. by E.) from Tenbury;
containing 525 inhabitants. It is picturesquely situated
at the base of the Clee hills, on the road from Ludlow
to Cleobury, and comprises 2174 acres, whereof 877 are
common or waste; the soil is principally clay; the
cultivated land is mostly pasture. Several coal-mines
are in operation. The living is a discharged rectory,
valued in the king's books at £5. 5. 10., and in the
patronage of W. Hall, Esq.: the tithes have been commuted. The church was rebuilt about 70 years ago,
with the exception of the tower, which is ancient. There
is a national school.
Corfe
CORFE, a parish, in the union of Taunton, hundred of Taunton and Taunton-Dean, W. division of
Somerset, 3 miles (S.) from Taunton; containing 279
inhabitants. It comprises 1127 acres of land, whereof
348 are common or waste. Stone is quarried, to be
burnt into lime. The living is a perpetual curacy, with
a net income of £66, and is in the gift of Lady Cooper,
who owns the tithes, which have been commuted for
£89. 13.