Duddon
DUDDON, a township, in the parish of Tarvin,
union of Great Boughton, Second division of the
hundred of Eddisbury, S. division of the county of
Chester, 3 miles (N. W. by W.) from Tarporley; containing 200 inhabitants. The manor was for many
generations in moieties between the families of Bruen
and Done; the first passed, with Bruen-Stapleford, to
Mr. Wilbraham, and the other with the Utkinton estate
to Mr. Arden. Duddon Hall, which continued to be
the seat of a younger branch of the Dones long after the
extinction of the elder branch, is now a farmhouse. The
township lies on the road from Tarporley to Chester, and
comprises about 600 acres, of a clayey and sandy soil.
The tithes have been commuted for £44. 2. payable to
the vicar, and £67. 7. to the Dean and Chapter of Lichfield. A church, dedicated to St. Peter, was erected in
1833, with a national school adjoining.
Dudleston
DUDLESTON, a chapelry, in the parish and union
of Ellesmere, hundred of Pimhill, N. division of
Salop, 4¾ miles (N. W. by N.) from Ellesmere; containing 1030 inhabitants. The living is a perpetual
curacy, in the patronage of the Crown; impropriators,
H. Mainwaring and E. Kynaston, Esqrs.; net income,
£238. The chapel is dedicated to St. Mary, and has
been enlarged. A school, now in union with the
National Society, was endowed with a rent-charge of
£10 by Frances Edwards.
Dudley
DUDLEY, a borough, and the head of a union, in
the Lower division of the hundred of Halfshire, Dudley and E. divisions of the county of Worcester, though
locally in the S. division of the hundred of Offlow and
of the county of Stafford, 26 miles (N. N. E.) from
Worcester, and 118 (N. W. by N.) from London; containing 31,232 inhabitants, of whom 17,077 are in the
town. This place derives its name from Dodo, or Dudo,
a Saxon prince, by whom it was owned at the time of
the heptarchy, and who built a castle here about the
year 700, which, during the contest between Stephen
and the Empress Matilda, was garrisoned for the latter
by Gervase Paganell, to whom the barony at that time
belonged. Gervase having subsequently taken part in the
rebellion of Prince Henry against his father, Henry II.,
his castle was demolished in the 20th year of that
monarch's reign. Roger de Somery, obtaining possession of the barony, began to convert his mansion into a
castle, and for his firm adherence to Henry III. in his
wars with the barons, was permitted by his sovereign to
perfect the fortifications. The present keep, with the
gateway and chapel, is of the architecture of the 13th
century; the other buildings were erected by John
Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, in the time of
Edward VI. In the early part of the civil war the
castle was garrisoned by the royalists, and in 1644 defended by Colonel Beaumont with great bravery against
the parliamentarians, who were compelled to raise the
siege by the arrival of a detachment from Worcester;
it was afterwards made untenable by order of the house
of commons, and an accidental fire, which occurred in
1750, completed its demolition.
The castle was built on an elevated limestone rock,
the summit and acclivities of which are richly wooded;
the remains are extensive and highly interesting, and
comprise the entrance gateway, leading to a court-yard
of about an acre, on one side of which, overlooking the
town, is the keep, consisting of four circular towers connected by a curtain, two of them in ruins, and raised on
a lofty artificial mound. Further on are, the chapel, a
curious specimen of architecture; the great hall, 75 feet
by 56, approached by a colonnade of the Doric order;
and the domestic apartments and offices, in the Elizabethan style. The postern tower and buildings connected with it, including an octagonal staircase tower,
occupy a third side of the court-yard, the fourth being
protected by a strong wall. A moat surrounded the
whole, and additional protection was given by strong
outworks. The castle and its precincts are extra-parochial; the grounds are very extensive, and have been
beautifully laid out in shrubberies and walks, affording
a succession of different views of this highly picturesque
ruin. About half a mile from the town was a priory
of Cluniac monks, founded about the year 1161 by Gervase Paganell, and dedicated to St. James, as a cell to
the abbey at Wenlock; the revenue, at the Dissolution,
was £36. 3. There are still considerable remains, mantled with ivy, forming a pleasing feature in the view
from the Castle Hill; and near them the late Earl of
Dudley erected a handsome building in the later English
style, which, from its proximity to the ruins, is called
the Priory.
The Town is situated in a tract of country whose
surface is finely varied, though in several places disfigured by mining operations, which are extensively prosecuted in the vicinity; the principal street is spacious,
and of a gently bending form, terminated by the lofty
spire of the parish church. The whole is lighted with
gas conveyed by pipes; it is macadamized, and the
High-street has a broad flagged pathway on each side.
The houses are in general neat and well built, and
many of them large and elegant; the inhabitants are
supplied with water, under an act obtained in 1833:
the Castle Hill is a favourite place of resort, and highly
interesting to the botanist. A public subscription
library, established in 1805, contains a large collection
of books: a geological society was founded in 1842. The
Trade of Dudley arises chiefly from the geological character of the neighbourhood, which is remarkable for
the variety and extent of its mines of coal and ironstone, lying on each side of a ridge of basaltic rock and
limestone. Between the different veins of coal are
found immense beds of ironstone; and the produce of
this singularly rich mineral district affords an abundant supply for numerous works. In Tividale are the
coal-works of Messrs. Wagstaff and Skidmore. The
iron manufacture is carried on to a very considerable
extent; a large quantity of ore is smelted, and the metal
is not only formed into pigs, bars, sheets, and rods, but
in extensive foundries cast into water and gas pipes,
cylindrical pillars, rafters, gates, hurdles, and other
articles, and manufactured into spades, scythes, grates,
fenders, vices, and indeed into implements of agriculture and tools of every description: the vicinity, for
a circuit of several miles, abounds with nail manufacturers. The Withymoor works, for manufacturing
scythes, spades and shovels, nails, chains, &c., have
been carried on by the Griffin family for more than a
century, and many of the articles made here are secured
by patent. The Burnt-Tree works, belonging to Mr.
Thomas Marsh, were established in 1827, and employ
about 120 persons in the manufacture of grates, fenders,
and fire-irons. The limestone, exclusively of what is
consumed in the making of iron, to which, from its
superior quality, it gives a high degree of perfection, is
used for agricultural and architectural purposes, and is
much admired for the beauty and variety of the fossils
with which the stone abounds. The basalt is chiefly
obtained in the adjoining parish of Rowley, and is well
adapted for making and repairing roads, being little inferior to granite. The manufacture of flint glass is carried on extensively, and there are several cutting-mills.
Here is a brewery, belonging to Messrs. Scholefield,
Young, and Stephen; and the business done in malting
is considerable. A canal tunnel, one mile and threequarters in length, thirteen feet high, and nine feet
wide, has been cut through the rock whereon the castle
is built, for the conveyance of the limestone from the
caverns under the Castle Hill, in which it is procured,
to the iron-furnaces: it is in some places more than
twenty yards below the surface, and communicates with
the Birmingham and Stourbridge canals. An act was
passed in 1845, authorising the construction of a railway from Oxford, by Worcester and Dudley, to Wolverhampton; and in 1846 two acts affecting Dudley
were obtained, one for a line from Birmingham to the
Oxford and Wolverhampton railway at Dudley, and the
other for a line from the same town to the Liverpool
and Birmingham railway at Bushbury, near Wolverhampton, with a branch to Dudley. An act has also
been passed for a railway from Dudley to Walsall. The
market is on Saturday: the fairs are on May 8th, for
cattle, cheese, and wool; Aug. 5th, for lambs; and Oct.
2nd, for horses, cattle, cheese, onions, and wool. The
town is under the superintendence of a mayor, bailiff,
and other officers, appointed annually at the court leet
of the lord of the manor; but they exercise no magisterial authority. It sent two members to parliament in
the 23rd of Edward I., from which period it discontinued to exercise the privilege: it now sends one member under the act of the 2nd of William IV., cap. 45,
the elective franchise being vested in the £10 householders of the parish, comprising 3632 acres; the returning officer is annually appointed by the sheriff. The
powers of the county debt-court of Dudley extend over
the registration-district, or poor law union.
Dudley formerly comprised the parishes of St. Thomas
and St. Edmund, now united, the church of the former
being parochial. The living is a vicarage, valued in
the king's books at £7. 18. 6½.; net income, £1000;
patron and impropriator, Lord Ward: the tithes were
commuted for land and money payments in 1784. The
church was rebuilt in 1819, at an expense of £23,000,
of which sum, £7600, including £2000 contributed by
the Earl of Dudley, were raised by subscription, and the
remainder by a rate; it is a handsome structure in the
later English style, with an elegant and lofty spire, and
from its elevated situation forms a fine feature in the
landscape. The church of St. Edmund, at the lower
extremity of the town, having been demolished during
the parliamentary war, was rebuilt, chiefly at the expense of two brothers of the name of Bradley, assisted
by a subscription among the parishioners, about the
commencement of the last century; it is now a district
church, in the gift of the Vicar, with a net income of
£200 a year. Churches at Evehill and Freebodies, in
the parish, have been built on sites given by Lord
Ward's trustees, by subscription, aided by a grant of
£1000 from the Incorporated Society; they are neat
edifices, and contain 1500 free sittings; the living of each
is in the gift of the Vicar, and has an income of £200.
A church has also been erected at Netherton, upon a site
presented by the Earl of Dudley, who died in 1833; it
is dedicated to St. Andrew: the income is £220, and the
Vicar presents to this living also. There are places of
worship for Primitive, Kilhamite, and Wesleyan Methodists, for Baptists, the Society of Friends, Independents,
Roman Catholics, and Unitarians.
The free grammar school was founded in the year
1562, by Thomas Wattewood, clothier, of Stafford, and
Mark Bysmore, silk-worker, of London, and endowed at
various periods with land, the rental of which is £368. 18.:
the old school-house having fallen into decay, the school
was removed for some time to a house in Wolverhampton-street, and a handsome schoolroom was built in
King-street in 1840; a good house was purchased for the
master in 1836, in High-street. A charity school, and a
charity for clothing seven poor men, were established
on the 3rd of June, 1819, by Mrs. Cartwright, in consequence of a legacy for that purpose by the Rev. Henry
Antrobus, minister of St. Edmund's, who died about half
a century since. The Church Blue-coat school was
founded in 1708, and there are now about 230 boys:
part of the funds, which, by subsequent endowments
by the Rev. Thomas Bradby and others, amount to
£482. 6. 6., is applied to the support of an infants'
school. A school of industry, in which about 200 girls
are educated, is kept in the upper rooms of the Bluecoat school. There is also a school founded in 1732,
and endowed with land, by Robert, Samuel, and Ann
Baylis; the schoolroom has been rebuilt, in Towerstreet: there are from 230 to 240 boys, and under the
superintendence of the charity is also a school of industry for 120 females. A fund of £63. 18., arising from a
bequest of John Tandy and others, is distributed every
year in clothing to the poor; and £16. 9., bequeathed
by Jasper Cartwright, are annually distributed in bread.
Richard Foley, in 1650, founded almshouses for sixteen
people, to which is now added a workhouse. The union
of Dudley comprises four parishes, three of them in the
county of Stafford, and one in that of Worcester; and
contains a population of 86,028. In Lady-wood, 2½
miles from the town of Dudley, and 3 miles from Stourbridge, is a valuable saline spa, in high estimation for its
efficacy in cutaneous disorders and complaints arising
from indigestion: the water was analysed in 1820, by
Mr. Cooper, and a wine pint was found to contain, on
the average, carbonic acid 2.1 cubic inches, and azote
0.4; muriate of soda 49.75 grains, of lime 19.07, of
magnesia 7.50, and of iron 0.13; carbonate of lime 1.50,
of magnesia 1.70, and of iron 0.90; total, 80.55 grains.
There are several chalybeate springs. About a quarter
of a mile from the town is a tract of about 20 acres,
vulgarly called the Fiery Holes, from which smoke continually issues, and sometimes flame; veins of coal underneath are supposed to have been set on fire by some
accident, and to have continued burning ever since.
Richard Baxter, the celebrated nonconformist divine in
the reign of Charles II., was for some time master of the
grammar school.
Dudley-Hill
DUDLEY-HILL, a hamlet, in the chapelry of Bowling, parish and union of Bradford, wapentake of
Morley, W. riding of York, 1½ mile from Bradford.
This populous hamlet abounds with coal, of which several mines are in operation; and there are two worstedmills. Fairs for horses, cattle, and pigs, are held on
the 3rd of November and 8th of March. Here are
places of worship for Primitive Methodists and Wesleyans.
Dueshill
DUESHILL, a township, in the parish of Hallystone, union of Rothbury, W. division of Coquetdale ward, N. division of Northumberland, 7½ miles
(W.) from Rothbury; containing 36 inhabitants. At
Harehaugh, near the southern extremity of the township, is the site of a strong triple intrenchment thrown
up by the Britons; and near it are several of the stones
of an ancient British temple.
Duffield (St. Alkmund)
DUFFIELD (St. Alkmund), a parish, in the union
of Belper, hundred of Appletree, S. division of the
county of Derby, 4¼ miles (N.) from Derby; comprising the chapelries of Belper, Heage, Holbrook, and
Turnditch, and the townships of Duffield, Hazlewood,
Shottle with Postern, and Windley; the whole containing 17,664 inhabitants, of whom 3108 are in the township of Duffield. In Domesday book it is called Dunelle,
and is described as having "a church, a priest, and two
mills;" it afterwards formed part of the demesne of
Henry de Ferrers, who, in 1096, possessed a castle on an
eminence north-west of the village, the site of which is
now named Castle-Orchard. This fortress was held by
several of the turbulent descendants of that powerful
baron; one of them, William, for rebellion in the reign
of Henry II., lost his estates by confiscation, but in
1199 they were restored by King John, to his son
William, with the title of Earl of Derby. Earl Robert
joined in Simon de Montfort's rebellion, and garrisoned
his castle of Duffield against Henry III., but was defeated
and taken prisoner at Chesterfield by Henry de Almaine,
upon which the king sent his son, afterwards Edward I.,
into the county of Derby, to ravage with fire and sword
the lands of the earl, and take revenge for his disloyalty;
the castle was dismantled, and the demesne fell to the
crown. In 1330, Henry, Earl of Lancaster, claimed
seven parks in Duffield Frith; and in the reign of
Elizabeth, frequent mention is made of the extent and
importance of the royal possessions at Duffield, of the
appointments of stewards, rangers, and various other
officers, and of great leets and three weeks' courts held
here, it being then a portion of the duchy of Lancaster,
which it continued to be till the reign of Charles I.,
when it was granted to several persons.
The parish comprises 17,390 acres, of which 3002 are
in the township of Duffield; it is situated on the road
from Derby to Matlock, and contains, besides several
populous villages, the market-town of Belper. For an
account of its cotton and silk mills, bleach-yards, and
coal and iron works, see the articles on Milford, Belper,
and Heage; stone is obtained for various uses, and
there is a quarry for scythe-stones. The village is
pleasantly situated in a fine plain through which flows
the river Derwent, and contains many good houses.
The Midland railway has a station here; the Eaton
canal is about a mile distant. There are cattle-fairs on
the Thursday following New Year's day, and on March
1st. The large and elegant mansion of Farnah Hall, a
seat of the Curzon family, stands in a fine park, near
the Wirksworth road. The living is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's books at £8. 4.; patron, the
Bishop of Lichfield; impropriator, Earl Beauchamp;
net income, £150. The great tithes of Duffield township have been commuted for £458, and the small for
£10; the impropriate glebe consists of 120 acres, and
the vicarial of 12 acres. Besides the parish church,
which is an ancient structure, there are churches at
Belper, Hazlewood, Heage, Holbrook, and Turnditch;
and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have endowed two
church districts, named respectively Bridge-Hill and
Milford, and both in the patronage of the Crown and
the Bishop, alternately. The Baptists, Wesleyans, and
others have places of worship. William Gilbert, in the
7th of Elizabeth, surrendered lands for the maintenance
of a school, towards which Joseph Webster, in 1685,
bequeathed an annuity of £10; the income is £95.
There is a national school; and two infant schools are
maintained by subscription. An almshouse for two
persons, built by Anthony Bradshaw, who died in 1614,
is endowed with a rent-charge upon an estate at Holbrook, and with £100, the gift of William Potterell, in
1735. William, Lord Hastings, who was beheaded by
King Richard III., was chief forester of Duffield.
Duffield, North
DUFFIELD, NORTH, a township, in the parish of
Skipwith, union of Selby, wapentake of Ouse and
Derwent, E. riding of York, 5½ miles (N. E.) from
Selby; containing 350 inhabitants. It is situated to
the west of the river Derwent, and comprises 3275 acres
of land, all inclosed. The village, which is small and
scattered, is on the road from Selby to Market-Weighton.
The tithes were commuted for land, at the time of the
inclosure, about 40 years since. There are places of
worship for Wesleyans and Primitive Methodists. On
the banks of the Derwent may be traced the mound and
ditches of Duffield Castle, the seat of Lord Hussey, who
was executed for joining in Aske's "Pilgrimage of Grace,"
in the reign of Henry VIII.
Duffield, South
DUFFIELD, SOUTH, a township, in the parish of
Hemingbrough, union of Selby, wapentake of Ouse
and Derwent, E. riding of York, 5 miles (E. N. E.)
from Selby; containing 224 inhabitants. It is to the
west of the Derwent, and comprises 1643a. 31p., forming
one of the Bishop of Ripon's manors of Howdenshire.
At the inclosure, about 30 years since, the impropriate
tithes were commuted for 294 acres of land. There is
a place of worship for Wesleyans.
Duffrin
DUFFRIN, a hamlet, in the parish of Bassaleg,
union and division of Newport, hundred of Wentlloog, county of Monmouth; containing 193 inhabitants.
Dufton (St. Cuthbert)
DUFTON (St. Cuthbert), a parish, in East ward
and union, county of Westmorland, 4 miles (N. E.)
from Appleby; containing, with the township of Keisley,
466 inhabitants, of whom 441 are in Dufton township.
It comprises 19,250 acres, of which about 2057, long
since inclosed, consist of meadow, pasture, and arable
land; 2118 acres are common pasture recently inclosed,
under act of parliament; 15,000 acres are moor, and
about 75 wood. The living is a discharged rectory,
valued in the king's books at £19. 2. 6.; net income,
£172; patron, the Earl of Thanet. The church was
rebuilt in 1784, at the expense of the parishioners and
the Rev. William Kilner, the rector, and is a plain
structure, situated about half a mile north of the village.
There is a place of worship for Wesleyans. The free
school was founded in 1623, by Christopher Walker,
rector, and was further endowed with a bequest by
Michael Todd in 1692.
Duggleby
DUGGLEBY, a township, in the parish of Grindalyth, union of Malton, wapentake of Buckrose,
E. riding of York, 6¾ miles (E. S. E.) from Malton;
containing 226 inhabitants. It is on the road from
Malton to Sledmere, and comprises by computation 1820
acres: the village is situated in a vale below Kirby-Grindalyth. There is a place of worship for Wesleyans.
At a short distance to the east is a large tumulus.
Dukershagg
DUKERSHAGG, a township, in the parish of
Ovingham, union of Hexham, E. division of Tindale
ward, S. division of Northumberland, 13 miles (W.
S. W.) from Newcastle-upon-Tyne; containing 7 inhabitants. This place, also called Dukeshagg, and Ducashagg, is a small township lying on Stanley burn, near
the Hexham road, and on the borders of the county of
Durham. It is above one mile south-east from Prudhoe.
Dukinfield
DUKINFIELD, a township, in the parish of Stockport, union of Ashton-under-Lyne, hundred of
Macclesfield, N. division of the county of Chester;
adjoining Ashton-under-Lyne, and containing 22,394
inhabitants. This place is supposed to derive its name
from the circumstance of the standard of the Danes
having been captured here by the victorious Saxons;
the figure of a raven or doken was impressed on the
Danish flag, and the spot was named, in the Anglo-Saxon dialect, Dockenveldt, or the Field of the Raven.
At the earliest period to which records extend, the
township was included in the fee of Dunham-Massey:
the third Hamon de Massey confirmed Dukinfield to
Matthew de Bramhall, about 1190; and the family of
Dukinfield appears to have held the place in fee of the
Bramhalls, and to have been connected with it for a
period exceeding five centuries. The widow of Sir
William Dukinfield Daniel (a name assumed by the
family) conveyed the estate, in marriage, to the Astleys,
about 1767; and the present lord of the manor is Francis
Dukinfield P. Astley, Esq.
The village is seated upon a pleasant eminence, at
the foot of which, to the north, runs the river Tame.
This river separates the township from the town of
Ashton-under-Lyne, in Lancashire, as it did the kingdoms of Northumbria and Mercia during the heptarchy,
when strong fortifications for the protection of each at
this point were constructed, on opposite banks of the
stream: some vestiges of the works are still discernible.
Sixty years ago, the inhabitants consisted of only a few
farmers and labourers, but since the introduction of
the cotton-trade the place has become extensive and
prosperous: two cotton-mills were erected prior to
1794; there were four in 1814, six in 1818, and seven
in 1825; and at present these manufactories are numerous, and employ many thousand hands. The district is also rich in mineral treasures, and its mines and
quarries are very productive. There are fifty beds or
veins of coal, the greater number of them workable, the
shafts of some being sunk to the depth of 300 yards;
iron-ore is also abundant, and the operations for smelting it seem to have been carried on in remote times,
from the otherwise unaccountable breaks that are frequently met with in the strata of one particular mine,
and from the large quantity of scoriæ found in the vicinity. Fire-bricks are made in great perfection, from a
superior clay; and the stone of Harrop-Edge quarry is
of very good quality. The Ashton and Stockport road,
and the Peak-Forest and Huddersfield canals, pass
through; and in 1846 an act was passed for making a
branch, nearly a mile in length, of the Manchester and
Sheffield railway, to this place. Dukinfield Old Hall
was originally built in the Norman era; but the gabled
front and frogged pinnacles of the present edifice denote
it to be a structure of the reign of Henry VIII. The
building was formerly large, of quadrangular form, and
surrounded by a moat, which is yet partially remaining;
it continued to be the abode of the Dukinfields till the
last century, but is now a dilapidated dwelling. Dukinfield Lodge, a modern house, is delightfully situated on
a wooded eminence overlooking the Tame.
The township comprises 1690 acres of land, principally good pasture and meadow; the manure is chiefly
lime, with marl on the lighter grounds. A church,
dedicated to St. John the Evangelist, was erected in
1840-1841, and consecrated on May 24th in the latter
year; it stands on a commanding eminence in the part
of Dukinfield adjoining Stalybridge, and is a plain neat
edifice containing 1200 sittings, whereof 605 are free:
the cost, £4500, was defrayed by Her Majesty's Commissioners and by subscription. The living is a perpetual curacy, with a net income of £280 per annum;
patron, the Rector of Stockport. An ecclesiastical
parish, called St. Mark's, was formed of a part of Dukinfield adjoining Ashton, in February 1846, under the act
6th and 7th of Victoria, cap. 37; the district assigned is
about two miles from north to south, and a mile and a
half from east to west, and contains a population of
about 6000. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the
patronage of the Bishop of Chester and the Crown,
alternately; net income, £150. The first stone of the
church was laid in May, 1847; the building is in the
early English style, with a tower and spire, and cost
£3000. Another ecclesiastical district, called Castle
Hall, and situated in the town of Stalybridge (which is
partly in this township), was formed, also in 1846, under
the same act. The Calvinists, Independents, Primitive
and Wesleyan Methodists, Methodists of the New Connexion, Moravians, Unitarians, and Roman Catholics
have places of worship; and there are various schools
in connexion with the Establishment, and with the dissenters. A village library, established in 1833, contains
about 1100 volumes. Lieut.-Col. Robert Dukinfield,
a distinguished officer, and a member of Cromwell's
council of state in 1653, was born here.
Dulas (St. Michael)
DULAS (St. Michael), a parish, in the union of
Dore, hundred of Webtree, county of Hereford, 13½
miles (S. W. by W.) from Hereford; containing 60 inhabitants. The surface of the parish is highly undulated, and consists of 797 acres. The living is a perpetual curacy; net income, £75; patron, James M. P.
Hopton, Esq.; impropriators, Mr. Hopton and the Rev.
Henry Burton. The great tithes have been commuted
for £25, and those of the incumbent for £42.
Dulcott
DULCOTT, a tything, in the city and union of
Wells, hundred of Wells-Forum, E. division of
Somerset; containing 129 inhabitants.
Dullingham (St. Mary)
DULLINGHAM (St. Mary), a parish, in the union
of Newmarket, hundred of Radfield, county of Cambridge, 3¾ miles (S. by W.) from Newmarket; containing 758 inhabitants. The parish is near the road
from London to Newmarket, and the works of the Newmarket and Chesterford railway were commenced here,
in October, 1846. It comprises 3421a. 1r. 26p. The
living is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's
books at £12. 15. 5., and has a net income of £165;
the patronage and impropriation belong to Mrs. Pigott.
The tithes were commuted for land and a money payment in 1806; the glebe contains 87 acres, with a good
glebe-house, built by the present incumbent. The Wesleyans have a place of worship; and there is a school
with an endowment of £5 per annum.
Duloe (St. Cuby)
DULOE (St. Cuby), a parish, in the union of Liskeard, hundred of West, E. division of the county of
Cornwall, 3¾ miles (N. N. W.) from West Looe; containing 937 inhabitants. This parish is bounded on the
east by the Looe navigation. A few years since, a silver
and lead mine was opened, and wrought for some time,
but without adequate success. The living is a vicarage
and a rectory consolidated, valued together in the king's
books at £30. 15. 2½., and in the patronage of Balliol
College, Oxford: the tithes have been commuted for
£620, and the glebe comprises 53 acres. The church
contains an altar-tomb with sculptured ornaments, upon
which is a recumbent figure of an armed knight, with
an inscription in memory of Sir John Colshull, who
died in 1483.
Dulverton (Holy Trinity)
DULVERTON (Holy Trinity), a market-town and
parish, and the head of a union, in the hundred of
Williton and Freemanners, W. division of Somerset, 14 miles (W.) from Wiveliscombe, and 163 (W. by
S.) from London; containing 1422 inhabitants. This
place probably derives its name from being seated in a
deep valley, and upon a ford on the river Barle, which
rises in Exmoor Forest, and, after flowing through the
town under a stone bridge of five arches, falls into the
Exe near Brushford. Dulverton, perhaps on account of
the remoteness of its situation from any great public
thoroughfare, is but little connected with events of historical importance, the only circumstance upon record
being the execution in the market-place of several individuals who were concerned in the rebellion of 1745.
The town consists principally of two streets; the houses
are in general well built, and the inhabitants amply
supplied with water. There is a great number of forest
deer, preserved in the adjoining woods. A silk-manufactory has been established, in which several children
are employed. The market, originally granted by Philip
and Mary to twelve trustees, who were to apply the
profits to the improvement of the town, and the benefit
of the poor, is on Saturday, and is well supplied with
corn and the produce of the dairy: the fairs are on
July 10th and November 8th. Courts leet and baron
are held annually, at the former of which two constables,
two tythingmen, two ale-tasters. two surveyors of weights
and measures, and other officers, are chosen and sworn
into office before the steward of the manor. The parish
comprises 8120 acres, of which about 1200 are common
or waste. The living is a vicarage, valued in the king's
books at £21. 10. 10.; patrons and appropriators, the
Dean and Chapter of Wells. The great tithes have been
commuted for £300, and the vicarial for £421; the appropriators have a glebe of 5 acres. The church is a
neat edifice in the ancient English style with a square
embattled tower. A school was founded in 1636, by
Elizabeth Dyke, of Pixton, who endowed it with a tenement producing £12 per annum, which endowment was
subsequently increased with legacies to about £22 per
annum: it is further supported by subscription, and is
now conducted upon the national system. The poor law
union of Dulverton comprises 11 parishes or places.
About a mile and a half west-north-west of the town is
Bury Castle, an ancient encampment. In the neighbourhood is a mineral spring, the water of which is impregnated with iron, but it is not now used medicinally:
there is also a spring called Holy Well, to which, on
Holy-Thursday, it was formerly the custom to carry
persons afflicted with disease.
Dulwich
DULWICH, a hamlet, in the parish and union of
Camberwell, E. division of the hundred of Brixton
and of the county of Surrey, 4½ miles (S.) from London; containing 1904 inhabitants. The village is pleasantly situated in a small vale, sheltered by rising grounds
in the immediate vicinity, and by the Surrey hills in the
distance; the houses are irregularly built, but of handsome and respectable appearance, and the environs
abound with elegant villas. It is lighted by subscription among the inhabitants, and is within the limits of
the metropolitan police establishment. A fair for toys
is held on the Monday after Trinity-Monday, and a
court leet annually. A free school was founded in 1741,
by James Alleyn, Esq., master of God's Gift College,
who endowed it with lands in the parish of Kennington,
now producing a rental of more than £200 per annum;
the school-house, facing the college buildings, was given
by the master and warden of the college. There are
several medicinal springs in the immediate neighbourhood, the water of which is similar in its properties to
that of Sydenham.
At the eastern extremity of the village is God's Gift
College, founded in the year 1619, by Edward Alleyn,
who endowed it with the manor of Dulwich, and tenements in the parishes of St. Botolph, Bishopsgate, in
London, and St. Luke, in the county of Middlesex, producing at present a revenue of £14,000, for a master
(who must bear the same name as the founder), a warden,
four fellows, six poor brethren, six poor sisters, twelve
poor scholars, six assistants, and thirty non-resident
members, to be chosen from the parishes of St. Botolph,
St. Saviour (Southwark), St. Luke, and Camberwell.
Of the four fellows, three must be in holy orders, and
graduates of Oxford or Cambridge, and the fourth well
skilled in music; the two senior fellows are to officiate
in the chapel of the college, the third to be master of the
grammar school, and the fourth, who officiates as organist
and choir-master, to be the usher. In addition to the
twelve scholars on the foundation, the sons of inhabitants of Dulwich are entitled to gratuitous instruction,
and strangers are admitted on payment of such sum to
the master and usher as shall be appointed by the
master and warden of the college; according to whose
discretion, certain sums may be allowed as exhibitions
to either of the universities. Scholars sent from this
school, and taking the degree of master of arts, receive
a further sum, and obtain a preference in election to any
of the offices in the college. The brethren and sisters
have apartments, with every thing requisite supplied
them, and a very considerable pecuniary allowance.
The buildings, chiefly in the Elizabethan style, occupy
three sides of a quadrangle, the chapel forming one side:
the east wing was handsomely rebuilt of red brick ornamented with stone, in 1740, and contains the schoolroom
and apartments for the fellows; the opposite wing comprises the library and apartments for the scholars. The
whole has been lately faced with Roman cement, and
beautified. The chapel has been enlarged by the addition of an aisle and a gallery, for the accommodation of
the inhabitants; divine service is performed regularly in
the morning and afternoon: the altar-piece is ornamented with a fine painting of the Ascension, presented
by Mr. Hall; and in front of the chancel is a black
marble slab, covering the tomb of the founder, who was
buried in the chapel. An extensive collection of pictures was bequeathed to the college by Sir Francis
Bourgeois in 1811, for the reception of which a handsome gallery was erected at the south end of the college;
the building is well calculated to display the pictures,
and comprises five rooms, in each of which are many
specimens of the first masters, of the Italian, Flemish,
and English schools.
Dumbleton (St. Peter)
DUMBLETON (St. Peter), a parish, in the union of
Winchcomb, Lower division of the hundred of Kiftsgate, E. division of the county of Gloucester, 6 miles
(S. by W.) from Evesham; containing 497 inhabitants.
The parish is situated about a mile and a half from the
road between Cheltenham and Evesham, and comprises
2155a. 8p.: a rivulet called the Isborn runs through it.
Stone of a very hard kind is quarried for repairing the
roads and for lime: large quantities of fossil shells are
found in the quarries. Many of the females are employed in making gloves for the Worcester houses. The
living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at
£18. 16. 8.; net income, £354; patron, E. Holland,
Esq. The glebe contains 72 acres, and a large glebehouse. The church is a very ancient edifice, with an
embattled tower at the west end, and has several monuments to the family of Cocks, who for a long time held
the estate. John Cocks, in 1728, gave an estate at
Tainton, comprising upwards of 58 acres, and producing
£70 per annum, part of which is applied in apprenticing a
boy, £20 towards a school, and the rest to the poor.
Dummer (All Saints)
DUMMER (All Saints), a parish, in the union and
hundred of Basingstoke, N. division of the county of
Southampton, 4 miles (S. W.) from Basingstoke; containing 412 inhabitants. The parish is situated near
the road from London to Southampton, and in a district
abounding with pleasing scenery; it comprises by computation 2182 acres, of which about 1913 are arable, 39
meadow, and 120 wood: the surface is hilly, and the
soil heavy. An iron-foundry gives employment to about
thirty persons. The living is a rectory, valued in the
king's books at £14. 12. 3½., and in the gift of W.
Adams, Esq.: the tithes have been commuted for
£443. 15., and the glebe comprises 83½ acres, and a
glebe-house. The church is an ancient edifice, with a
tower of wood. A school on the national plan is partly
supported by an endowment of £15. 5. per annum.
Whitefield, soon after his ordination in 1736, had the
temporary charge of this parish; and here also Hervey
is said to have written his Meditations.
Dummer-Andrews-Swathling
DUMMER-ANDREWS-SWATHLING, an extraparochial liberty, in the union of South Stoneham,
hundred of Mansbridge, Southampton and S. divisions
of Hants, 3 miles (N. N. E.) from Southampton.
Dunchideock (Holy Trinity)
DUNCHIDEOCK (Holy Trinity), a parish, in the
union of St. Thomas, hundred of Exminster, Wonford and S. divisions of Devon, 4½ miles (S. W. by W.)
from Exeter; containing 208 inhabitants. The living
is a rectory, with that of Shillingford St. George consolidated, valued in the king's books at £14. 17. 1.; net
income, £312; patron, Sir L. V. Palk, Bart. The church
contains a handsome monument to the memory of
General L. Lawrence, commander-in-chief in India about
the middle of the last century.
Dunchurch (St. Peter)
DUNCHURCH (St. Peter), a parish, in the union
of Rugby, Rugby division of the hundred of Knightlow, N. division of the county of Warwick, 15 miles
(E. N. E.) from Warwick; containing, with the township of Thurlaston, 1390 inhabitants. The parish is
bounded on the east by a portion of Northamptonshire,
and situated on the London and Birmingham road; and
comprises by admeasurement 4747 acres, of which a
considerable part is the property of Lord J. Scott,
brother to the Duke of Buccleuch. The village contains some good inns and several respectable houses,
presenting the appearance of a small market-town; at
its northern extremity is an obelisk, where stood an
ancient cross. Fairs for cattle have been established on
the second Mondays in January and March, the 29th of
June, the third Monday in August, the 15th of September, and the third Monday in November. The living is
a vicarage, valued in the king's books at £14. 1. 10½.;
patron, the Bishop of Lichfield; impropriator, Lord J.
Scott: the great tithes have been commuted for £250,
and the vicarial for £220; the glebe contains about
42 acres, with an excellent glebe-house, enlarged and
repaired at a considerable cost by the incumbent, the
Rev. J. Sandford. The church is a handsome and
curious edifice, with a square embattled tower: the
tower is in the later English style, much enriched; the
western porch has a fine Norman arch, embellished with
heads and zig-zag mouldings. The chancel is of early
English architecture, with some windows in the decorated style; the nave is also decorated, and the doorways of the aisles are ornamented with remarkably rich
mouldings. The edifice has been completely restored at
an expense of £2000, raised by subscription, towards
which Lord J. Scott contributed upwards of £600. The
Baptists have a place of worship. Here is a free grammar school, founded in 1707, and endowed by a bequest
from Francis Boughton, of 27 acres of land and a house
for the master, who must be a clergyman; the same
benefactor left 24 acres of land, directing the produce
to be applied in apprenticing boys. There is also a
school in union with the National Society. In 1695,
Thomas Newcombe, printer to Charles II., James II.,
and William III., bequeathed property for erecting and
endowing six almshouses, which were rebuilt in 1818.
Dunchurch is celebrated as the place of rendezvous
for those concerned with Guy Fawkes, and where
Digby first received intelligence of the discovery of
the plot.
Duncton
DUNCTON, a parish, in the union of Sutton
(under Gilbert's act), hundred of Rotherbridge, rape
of Arundel, W. division of Sussex, 3½ miles (S. by
W.) from Petworth; containing 308 inhabitants. The
parish is pleasantly situated on the road from London
to Chichester by way of Petworth, and at the foot of
the Downs, from which the view is extensive and richly
diversified. It once formed part of the parish of Petworth, but was separated from it by an act of the 4th
and 5th of William and Mary. The area is 1326a. 26p.,
of which about 569 acres, including some orchard
ground, are arable, 365 meadow and pasture, and 367
wood, hedge-rows, &c. The living is a rectory not in
charge, in the gift of Colonel Wyndham: the tithes have
been commuted for £160. Near the church are the
remains of a hypocaust, discovered in 1815, and also of
a Roman bath.