Winestead (St. German)
WINESTEAD (St. German), a parish, in the union
of Patrington, S. division of the wapentake of Holderness, E. riding of York, 9 miles (E. S. E.) from
Hedon; containing 139 inhabitants. The parish is
nearly in the centre of the peninsula of Holderness, and
consists of about 2000 acres. Two-thirds are arable, and
one-third under grass, among the latter of which are
interspersed above 200 acres of wood; the surface is
undulated, and the soil a strong fertile clay. The living
is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £12, and in
the patronage of Mrs. Hildyard, of Winestead Hall;
net income, £247. The church is an ancient building,
surrounded by stately trees: in front of the pulpit is a
monument with a recumbent figure in armour, to the
memory of Sir Robert Hildyard. The celebrated Andrew Marvel, M.P. for Hull in the time of Charles II.,
was born here, March 31st, 1621, during the incumbency
of his father.
Winfarthing (St. Mary)
WINFARTHING (St. Mary), a parish, in the union
of Guiltcross, hundred of Diss, E. division of Norfolk, 4¼ miles (N. by W.) from Diss; containing 696
inhabitants. The living is a discharged rectory, valued
in the king's books at £12, and in the gift of the Earl
of Albemarle: the glebe contains about 31 acres. The
church is in the early and decorated styles, with an
embattled tower. There are places of worship for Wesleyans and Primitive Methodists. The poor have 82
acres of land, of which 60 were allotted at the inclosure,
when 23 were also assigned to the church.
Winford-Eagle (St. Lawrence)
WINFORD-EAGLE (St. Lawrence), a parish, in
the union of Dorchester, hundred of Tollerford,
Dorchester division of Dorset, 1½ mile (S. W.) from
Maiden-Newton; containing 133 inhabitants. It comprises by measurement 1789 acres, of which 500 acres
are arable, 130 woodland, and the remainder meadow
and pasture; the soil is fertile, resting on gravel. The
living is annexed to the vicarage of Toller-Fratrum: the
impropriate tithes have been commuted for £6. 10., and
the vicarial for £150. The church, erected in 1840, is
a handsome structure in the later English style. On
Fernham down are several barrows, in one of which
seventeen urns, containing bones and ashes, have been
discovered. Dr. Thomas Sydenham, the eminent physician, was born here in 1624.
Winforton (St. Mary)
WINFORTON (St. Mary), a parish, in the union
of Kington, hundred of Huntington, county of Hereford, 6 miles (N. E. by E.) from Hay; containing 178
inhabitants, and comprising 1020 acres. It is beautified by the windings of the river Wye, and is intersected
by the Hay and Kington tramway. The living is a
rectory, valued in the king's books at £9. 6. 8., and in
the gift of the Rev. William Domvile: the tithes have
been commuted for £255, and the glebe contains 15¾
acres. A school was endowed in 1812, by the late
Mr. Freeman, with £12 per annum, and a house and
garden.
Winfrith-Newburgh (St. Christopher)
WINFRITH-NEWBURGH (St. Christopher), a
parish, in the union of Wareham and Purbeck, hundred of Winfrith, Wareham division of Dorset, 9
miles (W. by S.) from Wareham; containing 963 inhabitants. This is a very extensive and ancient parish,
giving name to the hundred. It formerly belonged to
the family of Newburgh, who had a seat here, of which
there are no traces. Near the hamlet of Brome-hill, a
rivulet, tributary to the Frome, is crossed by three
bridges, erected in 1769, at the joint expense of Edward
Weald and James Frampton, Esqrs. The living is a
rectory, with the living of West Lullworth annexed,
valued in the king's books at £23. 14. 4½.; net income,
£440; patron, the Bishop of Salisbury. Two-thirds of
the great tithes of corn, wool, and lambs, belong to the
vicar of Chipping-Campden, in the county of Gloucester. The church has a fine Norman doorway and an
embattled tower; the nave is covered with lead.
Wing (All Saints)
WING (All Saints), a parish, in the union of
Leighton-Buzzard, hundred of Cottesloe, county
of Buckingham, 2½ miles (S. W. by W.) from LeightonBuzzard; containing, with the hamlets of Ascott, Burcott, Crafton, Littleworth, and Wingberry, 1274 inhabitants, of whom 808 are in Wing township. The parish
is situated near a branch of the river Ouse, and comprises 5600 acres, of which 4000 are pasture, 1520
arable, and 80 woodland. The Grand Junction canal,
and the London and Birmingham railway, run along
the eastern boundary of the parish, and the road from
Oxford to Cambridge through the village. The living is
a vicarage, valued in the king's books at £18. 16. 3.;
net income, £338; patron and impropriator, Samuel
Jones Loyd, Esq. The church is a remarkably fine
structure, containing about 400 sittings. There is a place
of worship for Wesleyans; also an hospital founded in
1596 by Lady Pelham, widow of Sir William Dormer,
for eight persons, and endowed by her with property
producing, with a bequest from Sir William Stanhope in
1772, an income of £72. A fund of about £20 arising
from bequests, with £10. 15. under the charity of
Thomas Pratt, of Wingrave, is annually distributed in
great-coats and other clothing. A Benedictine priory,
a cell to the monastery of St. Nicholas, at Angiers, in
France, was founded at Ascott by the Empress Maud,
and after the suppression came to Cardinal Wolsey.
Wing (St. Peter and St. Paul)
WING (St. Peter and St. Paul), a parish, in the
union of Uppingham, hundred of Martinsley, county
of Rutland, 3½ miles (N. E.) from Uppingham, near
the road to Oakham; containing 302 inhabitants. It
comprises 1044a. 3r. 6p.; the surface is hilly, and the
soil in general a good red earth. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books at £7. 5. 5., and in the
gift of the Crown, with a net income of £340 per annum:
there is a parsonage-house, and the glebe contains 195
acres of land.
Wingate-Grange
WINGATE-GRANGE, a township and ecclesiastical district, in the union of Easington, S. division of
Easington ward, N. division of the county of Durham,
1 mile (W. by S.) from Castle-Eden, and 6½ miles (E. S.
E.) from Durham; the township containing 2625 inhabitants. The district was separated from the parishes
of Castle-Eden and Kelloe, for ecclesiastical purposes,
in 1842. It is about two miles in length, from east to
west, and one mile in average breadth, comprising an
area of nearly 1700 acres, of which 1200 are arable and
pasture in nearly equal portions, 360 woodland and
plantations, and the remainder sites of buildings, roads,
and waste. The soil is generally of a clayey kind, varying in fertility: those portions of it which are naturally of inferior quality have within the last few years
been greatly improved by draining and the use of lime.
The substratum is chiefly magnesian limestone, which
is quarried for burning into lime, and for building purposes. Coal abounds on the lands of Wingate and Wingate-Grange; on the latter, Lord Howden and others
opened a mine in 1838, and, in the course of the following year, discovered a rich bed called the "Caradoc
Wallsend" coal. The Wingate branch of the Hartlepool
railway terminates at the colliery; and the Hartlepool,
Clarence, and York and Newcastle Junction railway
passes through the southern portion of the district. Since
the establishment of the colliery, the village of WingateGrange, containing more than 400 houses, has been
built. An iron-foundry, also, was established in 1841,
near the line of the Junction railway, within the district,
but from its proximity to the Trimdon colliery in the
adjoining parish, it is called the Trimdon foundry. The
church was built in 1840, by subscription, at an expense
of £1300, of which £300 were given by the owners of
the colliery; it is a neat structure in the early English
style. The living is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage
of the Bishop of Durham, with a net income of £150.
The impropriate tithes have been commuted for £184.
17. 11., payable to Christ's Hospital, Sherburn; and the
vicarial for £43. 16. There are places of worship for
Wesleyans and Primitive Methodists.
Wingates
WINGATES, a township, in the parish of Long
Horsley, union of Rothbury, W. division of the ward
of Morpeth, N. division of Northumberland, 6 miles
(S. E. by S.) from Rothbury; containing 175 inhabitants. This place was anciently part of the possessions
of Gospatrick, Earl of Durham, from whom it passed to
the families of Merlay, Sommerville, and Thornton; it
is now the property of R. Trevelyan and H. P. M. Witham,
Esqrs. The land, with the exception of that near the village, is of very indifferent quality, a poor thin soil resting
upon a retentive clay, and altogether unsheltered by
woods or plantations; the substratum contains ironstone, which appears to have been formerly wrought,
and there are seams of coal and limestone in operation
to a limited extent. The village is situated on elevated
ground, and consists chiefly of two farmhouses, and
some low thatched cottages extending from east to west.
About a mile north of it is a mineral spring, discovered
about 60 or 70 years' since, which, on being analysed,
was found to contain in one pint, 6 grains of pure sal
martis, 15 of alum, and 9 of ochreous earth. The late
Walter Trevelyan, Esq., soon after its discovery, erected
a large bath of stone, and conveyed to it the water from
the spring, for the use of invalids affected with scrofula,
other cutaneous eruptions, and debility, in the cure of
which it was found powerfully efficacious, either when
taken internally or used for bathing. The present proprietors, also, have raised plantations, and ornamented
the grounds surrounding the baths, which have been
inclosed; but the want of lodging-houses confines the
benefits of the water to the inhabitants of the immediate
neighbourhood.
Wingberry
WINGBERRY, a hamlet, in the parish of Wing,
union of Leighton-Buzzard, hundred of Cottesloe,
county of Buckingham; containing 25 inhabitants.
Wingerworth
WINGERWORTH, a parish, in the union of Chesterfield, hundred of Scarsdale, N. division of the
county of Derby, 2¾ miles (S. by W.) from Chesterfield;
containing 484 inhabitants. It comprises about 3000
acres; the surface is hilly, the soil a good loam, and
large quantities of coal, ironstone, and freestone are
obtained. The Midland railway passes along the eastern
side of the parish. The Hall was taken possession of
and garrisoned for the parliament, in 1643; the present
large and elegant mansion was erected in 1728. The
living is a perpetual curacy, in the patronage of the
Bishop of Lichfield, with a total income of about £100:
the impropriate tithes have been commuted for £245, and
£34 are payable to the incumbent, who has 14½ acres of
glebe; 30 acres belong to the impropriators. In the
church are some arches and a doorway of Norman
architecture; the rood-loft still remains, with a winding
stone staircase leading to it. A school is partly supported by an endowment of £19 per annum. On
Stonedge cliff are several basins and two seats, excavated
in the rock. The brass head of a catapulta was found a
few years since on the Ikeneld-street, which intersects
the parish.
Wingfield
WINGFIELD, a hamlet, in the parish of Chalgrave, union of Woburn, hundred of Manshead,
county of Bedford; containing 160 inhabitants.
Wingfield (St. Andrew)
WINGFIELD (St. Andrew), a parish, in the union
and hundred of Hoxne, E. division of Suffolk, 3
miles (N.) from Stradbroke; containing 668 inhabitants.
Michael De la Pole, first Earl of Suffolk, in the eighth
of Richard II. built a castle here, of which the south
front still remains, and the west side has been converted
into a farmhouse: the ruins, surrounded by a moat, are
situated about a quarter of a mile north-west of the
church, and are now the property of Lord Berners. A
college was founded on the south side of the church by
the will of Sir John Wingfield, in 1362, for a provost
and nine priests; it was valued at the surrender in 1534,
at £50. 3. 5½. per annum: all that remains is the west
side of the quadrangle, now used as a farmhouse. The
parish comprises 2442 acres, of which 87 are common
or waste. The living is a perpetual curacy; net income,
£150; patron and appropriator, the Bishop of Norwich,
whose tithes have been commuted for £700, and whose
glebe contains about three-quarters of an acre. The
church is a spacious and handsome structure, chiefly in
the decorated style, with an embattled tower; the nave
and chancel are lighted with clerestory windows, and
there are considerable remains of stained glass. In the
chancel, of which the architecture is highly enriched,
are some superb monuments of the De la Poles; one to
the memory of Michael, second Earl of Suffolk, one to
William, Duke of Suffolk, another to his son, and one to
John, Duke of Suffolk. There were formerly also monumental brasses to the ancient family of Wingfield, but
they have all disappeared. John Trower, in 1515, left
an estate now producing £50 per annum, for the repair
of the church, and the relief of the poor.
Wingfield, North (St. Lawrence)
WINGFIELD, NORTH (St. Lawrence), a parish,
in the union of Chesterfield, hundred of Scarsdale,
N. division of the county of Derby, 4½ miles (S. S. E.)
from Chesterfield; containing, with the hamlet of Pilsley, and the townships of Claylane, Stretton, Tupton,
and Woodford, 3144 inhabitants, of whom 250 are in
North Wingfield township. The Roman Ikeneld-street
may be traced in the parish. At Clay-Cross, the Midland railway is carried through a tunnel 1760 yards long,
22 feet wide, and 26 feet high, the expense of constructing which is stated to have been above £100 per lineal
yard. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's books
at £21. 6. 3.; net income, £772; patron, G. H. Barrow,
Esq. The church is a large handsome structure, at a
distance from the village. There is a place of worship
for Wesleyans.
Wingfield, South (All Saints)
WINGFIELD, SOUTH (All Saints), a parish, in
the union of Belper, hundred of Scarsdale, N. division of the county of Derby, 2¼ miles (W.) from Alfreton; containing 1188 inhabitants. It comprises 3268a.
3r. 19p. of land; and although the scenery is not so
romantic as in many other parts of the county, yet from
some of the high grounds the views are very extensive,
and both bold and beautiful. The Amber, a small
stream, runs through the parish, which is also intersected by the Derby and Chesterfield road; and the
Midland railway here passes through a tunnel 250 yards
in length. The manor-house, now an interesting ruin,
was a splendid edifice, erected by Ralph, Lord Cromwell,
in the reign of Henry VI., and afterwards, for several
generations, one of the principal seats of the earls of
Shrewsbury. Mary, Queen of Scots, while in the custody of George, the sixth earl, passed some months
here in 1569, and was also here in Nov. and Dec. 1584.
At the commencement of the civil war, it was garrisoned
for the parliament, but being taken by the Earl of Newcastle, towards the close of the year 1643, was then
made a royal garrison; in 1644 it surrendered to the
parliamentarians, and in 1646 was dismantled. The
principal part of Okerthorpe, in the parish, belongs to
the ancient family of Strelley. The village is large,
and possesses a considerable and increasing trade in the
weaving of stockings, for which about 200 frames are in
operation; there is also a small cotton-factory, and part
of the population is employed in obtaining coal. The
living is a discharged vicarage, endowed with a portion
of the rectorial tithes, and valued in the king's books at
£6. 13. 4.; net income, £324; patron, the Duke of
Devonshire. The tithes of a portion of the parish were
commuted for land in 1776: the glebe consists of 20a.
3r. 15p., with a vicarage-house. The church, which stands
at Okerthorpe, is a neat structure with a tower. There
is a place of worship for Wesleyans. Samuel Newton
in 1683 gave £200 for charitable uses, with which some
lands were purchased now producing £33 per annum;
of this, £17 are applied in teaching children. £20 from
an estate at Okerthorpe were directed by the donor to
be applied yearly in setting up two young persons in
their trade, having served seven years' apprenticeship;
and £10 in exhibitions for two scholars at the university. The Roman road leading from Little Chester,
near Derby, towards Chesterfield, passed through the
parish.
Wingford, Cambridge.—See Wentworth.
WINGFORD, Cambridge.—See Wentworth.
Wingham (St. Mary)
WINGHAM (St. Mary), a parish, and formerly a
market-town, in the union of Eastry, hundred of Wingham, lathe of St. Augustine, E. division of Kent,
9 miles (S. E.) from Canterbury; containing 1129 inhabitants. This place is situated on the road from Canterbury to Sandwich, in a neighbourhood abounding
with genteel residences. It formerly belonged to the see
of Canterbury, to which it was granted in the early part
of the heptarchy; and in the 36th of Henry III., Archbishop Boniface obtained for the inhabitants the grant
of a market. The archbishops had a palace here, in which
they entertained several of the kings of England on their
way to and from the continent. The manor was exchanged for other lands by Craumer. The parish comprises 2641 acres, of which 113 are in woodland; the
soil is good, the Wingham hops being considered the
best grown in the county. A horticultural society,
of which Lady Bridges is patroness, was established in
Aug. 1835, and is well supported. Large fairs for cattle
are held on May 12th and Nov. 12th, and the pettysessions for the division take place here. The living is
a perpetual curacy; net income, £114; patron, John
Bridges, Esq.; impropriator, W. Greville, Esq., whose
tithes have been commuted for £1368. The church,
originally built in the early English style, contains portions, subsequently added, in the decorated and later
English. A college for a provost and six canons was
founded in the church in 1286, by John Peckham, archbishop; it had a gross revenue of £208. 14. 3½., and was
granted by Edward VI. to Sir Henry Palmer: on or near
its site, a stone coffin and some other relics of antiquity
have been found. There is a place of worship for Independents. Sir James Oxenden, Bart., in 1686, founded
a free school, and endowed it with £16 per annum.
William de Wengham, Bishop of London, and chancellor in the reign of Henry III., was born in the parish.
Wingrave, (St. Peter and St. Paul)
WINGRAVE, (St. Peter and St. Paul), a parish,
in the union of Aylesbury, hundred of Cottesloe,
county of Buckingham, 5½ miles (N. E.) from Aylesbury; containing, with the hamlet of Rowsham, 814
inhabitants. The living is a discharged vicarage, valued
in the king's books at £9. 9. 7., and in the patronage of
the Trustees of the Earl of Bridgewater; net income,
£98; impropriator, O. Oldham, Esq. There is a place
of worship for Independents. At Rowsham was formerly
a chapel, dedicated to St. Lawrence. Thomas Pratt, in
1615, bequeathed property now producing a rental of
£35, to be distributed among the poor of the parishes
and hamlets of Wingrave, Wing, Mentmore, Cheddington, Bettlow, and Aldwick. Some property known as
Bailey's House Gift, let for £17. 10. per annum, is
applied to repairing the church.
Winkbourn
WINKBOURN, a parish, in the union of Southwell, Southwell division of the wapentake of Thurgarton, S. division of the county of Nottingham, 4 miles
(N.) from Southwell; containing 144 inhabitants. It
anciently belonged to the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem: the town was granted to them by Adam Tyson,
soon after the institution of the order; and Henry
Hosatus gave the church to them, which gift was confirmed by King John. The manor, rectory, and church
were conveyed by a grant of Edward VI. to William
Burnell and Constance his wife, in lieu of the rectory
and lands at Betchworth, in Surrey, which they had
surrendered to Henry VIII.; and a spacious brick mansion, with stone facings, was erected on the site of the
religious establishment, about the close of the 17th
century. This is now the family residence of the proprietor of Winkbourn. The living is a donative, in the
patronage of P. Pegge Burnell, Esq. The church is a
large ancient edifice. A school, endowed with £30 per
annum and a house and garden, was founded by William
Burnell, Esq., in 1738.
Winkfield (St. Mary)
WINKFIELD (St. Mary), a parish, in the union of
Easthampstead, hundred of Ripplesmere, county of
Berks, 5½ miles (S. W. by W.) from Windsor; containing 2178 inhabitants. This parish is pleasantly situated on the road from London, through Windsor Forest,
to Reading. It comprises 9878a. 18p., and contains
the course on which the celebrated Ascot races are held,
a beautifully smooth surface, formed by William, Duke
of Cumberland, and recently much improved. The
living is a discharged vicarage, valued in the king's
books at £8. 5. 10.; patrons and appropriators, the
Dean and Chapter of Salisbury. The great tithes have
been commuted for £661, and the vicarial for £390;
there is a parsonage-house, and the appropriate and
vicarial glebes contain respectively 18¾ and 26½ acres.
There is a place of worship for Independents. The Earl
of Ranelagh, in 1710, built a chapel on Winkfield Plain,
in which service is performed daily, and attached to
which is a free school for twenty-two boys, and another
for twenty-two girls. In 1715, Thomas Maule, Esq.,
bequeathed £500 to the establishment; in 1783, Thomas
Hatch, who had been educated here, £500; and in 1809,
John Tow left £500 four per cent, stock, in augmentation of the income, which altogether amounts to upwards
of £350 per annum.
Winkfield (St. Andrew)
WINKFIELD (St. Andrew), a parish, in the union
and hundred of Bradford, Westbury and N. divisions,
and Trowbridge and Bradford subdivisions, of Wilts,
2 miles (W. S. W.) from Trowbridge; containing 305
inhabitants. The living is a rectory, valued in the king's
books at £5. 16. 5½., and in the patronage of the Rev.
John Hall aud others: the incumbent's tithes have been
commuted for £255, and £20 are payable to the rector
of Farleigh-Hungerford; the glebe contains 20½ acres.
In the church is a monument erected by his pupils to
the memory of the Rev. Edward Spencer, who was for
forty-three years rector, and died in 1819, in the 80th
year of his age.
Winkley, or Winckleigh (All Saints)
WINKLEY, or Winckleigh (All Saints), a parish, in the union of Torrington, N. division of Devon,
6½ miles (S. W.) from Chulmleigh; containing 1650
inhabitants. This parish forms a distinct hundred, to
which it gives name. The new road from Torrington to
Exeter passes through it, and the scenery is agreeably
enlivened with the grounds of Winkley Court. A fair
for cattle is held on the Monday after July 7th; and
courts leet and baron annually. The living is a vicarage,
valued in the king's books at £21. 8. 9.; net income,
£215; patrons and appropriators, the Dean and Chapter of Exeter. There is an endowed almshouse, called
Gidley's, for widows.
Winksley
WINKSLEY, a chapelry, in the parish of Ripon,
Lower division of the wapentake of Claro, W. riding
of York, 4¾ miles (W.) from Ripon; containing 457
inhabitants. Winksley township comprises 600 acres of
cultivated land, chiefly the property of Lord Grantley,
who is lord of the manor. The chapelry includes also the
township of Grantley: the living is a perpetual curacy;
net income, £68; patrons, the Dean and Chapter of
Ripon. The chapel, dedicated to St. Oswald, a small
ancient structure with a tower, has been enlarged.
Winkton
WINKTON, a tything, in the parish, union, and
hundred of Christchurch, Ringwood and S. divisions
of the county of Southampton, 2½ miles (N. W. by N.)
from Christchurch; containing 928 inhabitants.
Winlaton (St. Paul)
WINLATON (St. Paul), a parish, in the union of
Gateshead, E. division of Chester ward, N. division
of the county of Durham, 5 miles (W. S. W.) from
Newcastle-upon-Tyne; containing 5326 inhabitants.
This parish was formed out of Ryton in 1833. It comprises the townships of Winlaton and Chopwell, and consists of about 9000 acres, of which the chief part is
arable, with 2000 acres of woodland; the soil is a strong
clay, producing excellent crops of wheat. Considerable
seams of coal are found in both townships: the principal are situated to the east, at a depth of from 20 to 50
fathoms, the strata rising towards the west, where they
approach the surface. The proprietors of the mines in
Winlaton township are its lords; and the lessees are, the
Marquess of Bute, George Heppel Ramsay, Esq., and
J. Cowen, Esq.: the mines in Chopwell belong to the
marquess, who works his own coal, and to the crown,
whose lands here are to the extent of 1000 acres. The
coal throughout the parish is thought to be of the best
kind for making coke, and its freeness from sulphur
renders it valuable for smelting iron, and for smiths'
use. About 100,000 tons are annually raised by the
marquess and Mr. Ramsay, who have extensive cokeovens at Derwent-Haugh. There are excellent freestone
quarries, and also some superior clay, great quantities of
which are made into fire-bricks for furnaces and gas
and other works, for which purpose Mr. Ramsay and
Mr. Cowen have large premises.
The place has been long famous for its manufacture of
iron and steel goods of every description, from an anchor
of the largest size to the minutest article. About the
year 1690, Sir Ambrose Crowley removed hither from
Sunderland, and established some iron-works, to which
the village, occupying an elevated site between the rivers
Tyne and Derwent, owes its rise: he afterwards extended
them to Swalwell and Winlaton-Mill. In the village
are now several iron-factories, where anchors, chaincables, pumps, and cylinders for steam-engines, are
made, as also edge-tools, nails, &c.; they employ, when
in full operation, about 1000 men and boys. On the
bank of the Tyne are works for refining lead, and at
Blaydon is a wharf for embarking the produce. The Newcastle and Carlisle railway passes through the parish,
and divides at Blaydon, one branch crossing the Tyne
to Newcastle, and the other proceeding to Gateshead.
There is also a magnificent suspension-bridge across
the Tyne, built in 1829-30, by subscription, and connecting the counties of Durham and Northumberland.
A chapel was built in 1705, on the site of an ancient
one said to have been demolished in 1569; but having
been suffered to go to ruin, a spacious schoolroom was
erected on the spot in 1816, in which divine service was
occasionally performed by the rector of Ryton, until the
church was built. The living is a rectory, in the patronage of the Bishop of Durham: the tithes have been
commuted for £347, and the glebe consists of 22 acres,
with a good house. The church, consecrated September
9th, 1828, is in the early English style, with a tower
and pinnacles, and contains 800 sittings, of which 400
are free; it was erected at an expense of £2300, the
Church Commissioners contributing one-half, the Incorporated Society £400, and the rest being raised by
subscription. There are places of worship for Wesleyans, Presbyterians, Primitive Methodists, and Methodists of the New Connexion; and four parochial schools,
in connexion with the National Society. Near Axwell
Park, on the bank of the Derwent, the seat of Sir T.
J. Clavering, Bart., is a sulphureous spring, much resorted to.
Winmarleigh
WINMARLEIGH, a township, in the parish and
union of Garstang, hundred of Amounderness, N.
division of Lancashire, 2 miles (N. W.) from Garstang;
containing 257 inhabitants. In the reign of Henry III.
lived a Gregory de Winnerlie or de Wimerlegh. In the
17th of Edward III., Robert de Plesyngton received a
fine from Thomas le Gentyll and his wife and son, for a
moiety of the manor of Wynmerles. William le Molyneux held lands in Winmerleghe of the manor of Wyersdale, in the 36th of the latter reign. The Radcliffes
afterwards became lords of the manor by the marriage
of Richard le Radcliffe with the heiress of the Plesyngtons; and the estate passed through several heirs to
Anne Radcliffe, who married Sir Gilbert Gerard: by a
descendant of the last-named, it is supposed to have
been sold to the Pattens. The township comprises 1777
acres, all the property of John Wilson Patten, Esq.,
M.P. for North Lancashire. Winmarleigh Moss, here.
is part of the immense bog of Pilling Moss. Some celts
have been found in it; they were sold to Mr. Patten.
A mansion called Mockbeggar Hall, was taken down
about a century ago. The impropriate tithes have been
commuted for £150.