| 1 |
Laund is found as a surname, Thomas
Lound and Katherine his wife occurring
in 1552–6; Pal. of Lanc. Feet of F.
bdles. 14, m. 85; 17, m. 156. |
| 2 |
5,809 acres, including 9 of inland
water; Census Rep. 1901. There are
also 179 acres of tidal water and 2,242 of
foreshore. |
| 3 |
Lewis, Topog. Dict. |
| 4 |
V.C.H. Lancs, i, 290a. 'In Lanesdale' may be a descriptive heading which
has been wrongly inserted in the text.
On this point see the introduction to the
hundred. |
| 5 |
It may have been on the site later
occupied by Cockersand Abbey on the
Lune shore. |
| 6 |
Farrer, Lancs. Pipe R. 391–3. In his
first charter the benefactor, with the assent
of Gundreda his wife and William his
son and heir, granted his whole manor of
Cockerham, with all appurtenances, including saltpits, to the church of St. Mary
de Pratis. Afterwards he added the
church, Ellel chapel and Crimbles. Somewhat later he granted common of pasture
throughout his fee in Lonsdale and
Amounderness to the canons and their
men of Cockerham, in the same degree
as they already had in their demesne
wood. This wood extended to the boundary
between Cockerham and Thurnham, viz.
to the water called Flackesfleet descending
into Crokispool and thence into the Lune.
The grant of the two plough-lands was
recorded in 1212; Lancs. Inq. and Extents
(Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), i, 4. |
| 7 |
Dugdale, Mon. vi, 462. |
| 8 |
The chartulary of Leicester Abbey
in the Bodleian (MS. Laud. H 72) states
that the evidences of Cockerham were
burnt in a fire at the manor-house there;
fol. 45. It contains notes of the three
charters of William de Lancaster; confirmations by John de Rigmaiden and
Isolda his wife, Hugh de Morville and
Helewise his wife (Hugh adding 12 acres
of wood, &c.), Gilbert son of Roger and
Helewise his wife, John Count of Mortain; also releases by various tenants—
William de Winmarleigh, William le
Gentyl, Walter de Paries, Richard son
of Adam de Tathebek (? Cathebek), who
also gave lands in Cockerham.
The agreement with the above-named
Gilbert and Hawise was ratified in 1207;
Final Conc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.),
i, 26. |
| 9 |
Chartul. fol. 47; an inspeximus by
John Duke of Lancaster of Thomas's
ratification of the assize of bread and ale
and all the articles of the view of frankpledge. A rent of 6s. 8d. was to be paid
to the earl's receiver, also 2s. for the
moiety of the water of Lune and the
fishery therein. The former payment is
recorded in the extent of 1346; Survey
(Chet. Soc), 80. The 2s. had been paid
in 1297, before Earl Thomas's time; Lancs.
Inq. and Extents, i, 294. In addition to
the 6s. 8d. and 2s. there was 1½d. payable
for castle ward; Chartul. fol. 52b.
Philippa de Coucy Duchess of Ireland
released all the claim she might have in
the manor of Cockerham by reason of
the failure of the canons of Leicester to
find canons to serve the church there;
Chartul. fol. 47b. Henry IV gave a like
release; ibid. See also Dep. Keeper's Rep.
xl, App. 537; Cal. Pat. 1399–1401,
p. 197. |
| 10 |
In 1206 the Abbot of Leicester obtained an acknowledgement from Peter de
Stalmine that the 2 oxgangs of land he
held were the right of the abbot and
that he had no charter concerning them
from William de Lancaster. 'Wherefore
if he or his heirs should hereafter proffer
any charter it shall be held of no effect';
Final Conc. i, 24.
In 1281 and later the abbot claimed
80 acres of pasture in Cockersand against
Lawrence de Tunstall. The defendant
said the land had belonged to Aline de
Cansfield, whose son John was in ward
to Ingram de Gynes, Christiana his wife
and Margaret de Ros; De Banco R. 41,
m. 25; 54, m. 46 d.
The abbot was in 1335 allowed to
inclose a way leading from the vicaragehouse to the house of John the Marshal,
making another equivalent way through
his ground; Inq. a.q.d. file 231, no. 10
(8 Edw. III).
In 1369 the abbot claimed a mill, &c.,
in Cockerham against Roger Wainman
and others; De Banco R. 433, m. 328 d.
John de Oxcliffe and John de Caton
in 1392 resigned to the abbot and convent
a messuage and land which they had held
of the abbey by knight's service and
2s. 2d. rent. In addition John de Caton
held a messuage and land of the abbey by
custom of the manor there. It was
shown that the king did not suffer; Inq.
p.m. 16 Ric. II, pt. ii, no. 86.
Extents of 1400 and 1477 are contained
in the chartulary above cited. The former
(fol. 49) shows a hall with chambers,
&c.; dovecote, orchard, &c.; demesne
lands, 63 acres arable and 58 acres
meadow, with water-mill and windmill.
Rents were due from Bankhouse (including 'muskilling' silver), Thursland
(with saltpits), Hillam, Marshes, Little
Crimbles, Great Crimbles with Harestones, Wrampool, Hardhead, Laithwaite,
Damhead, Crookay, Sinthwaite, Brileshed,
Ranstey, Brookshed and Upton. The
commodities of the manor included
Fold halfpennies, Cawce halfpennies,
Gresmole, entries of tenants, heriots and
waifs and strays. There were twenty-nine
saltpits or saltcotes, paying £8 11s. 8d.
Other rents came from Ashton, Kirkland, Thurnham, Ellel, Holleth and
Cockersand. The extent of 1477 states:
'We have there view of frankpledge of
all our tenants, a court from three weeks
to three weeks and whatever pertains to
the view of frankpledge. We have also
there free warren in all our lands. If
any tenant dies, the second animal is
given to the abbot'; ibid. fol. 52b. In
another place it is stated that in 1346,
before the great plague, Cockerham used
to pay £50 a year 5 fol. 167b. |
| 11 |
Charter R. 94 (29 Edw. I), m. 7,
no. 27.
In 1498 the Abbot of Leicester was
summoned to show his right to view of
frankpledge in Cockerham, wreck of the
sea and free warren, for which he paid
6s. 8d. to the king, also half the water
of Lune, for which he paid 2s. yearly,
freedom from passage and other tolls for
the inhabitants and tenants of Cockerham
and licence to buy and sell freely; Pal.
of Lanc. Writs Prothon. 13 Hen. VII.
The farm of the manor, &c., in 1538
was £83 6s. 8d.; Dugdale, Mon. vi, 469. |
| 12 |
In 1363 the abbot complained that
Adam Calfherd had cut down trees in
Cockerham and done other damage;
De Banco R. 416, m. 376 d. In the
following year Adam and Maud his wife
were charged with trespass on the abbot's
fishery; Coram Rege R. 413, m. 13. |
| 13 |
In 1458 the abbot and convent
leased to John Calverherd of Cockerham
and his sons Thomas and William the
whole manor, rectory and profits, reserving only the advowson of the vicarage,
from 1460 to 1480 at a rent of £83.
The lessees were to pay all charges on
the manor and rectory; Dods. MSS. lxx,
fol. 161. John, Thomas and William
Calverd are named in the rental in MS.
Laud. H 72, as also Jane wife of James
Calverd at Hillam.
The lease was probably renewed from
time to time, for the version in H 72
(fol. 51) varies from that in Dodsworth;
by it, among other things, John Calvert
was to keep the chancel of the church
and all the abbey's buildings, &c., in due
repair, and was to provide at his own
cost for a week's food and lodging of one
or two of the canons of Leicester, with
their servants and horses, when on a visit
to Cockerham.
John Calvert was one of the trustees
of John Rigmaiden of Wedacre in 1506;
Duchy of Lanc. Inq. p.m. v, no. 65.
He again appears in 1514 and William
Calvert the elder and the younger at
Crimbles in 1542; Ducatus Lanc. (Rec.
Com.), ii, 15, 71. William Calvert (probably the elder) had at that time a forty
years' lease of the tithes of Ellel; Pal.
of Lanc. Sess. Papers, 34 Hen. VIII.
William Calvert and other tenants in
1515–16 complained that Sir Henry
Kighley had seized and carried away their
cattle; Duchy of Lanc. Plead. Hen. VIII,
xx, C 6. |
| 14 |
Pat. 2 Eliz. pt. xv; the grant included the advowson of the vicarage. |
| 15 |
Exch. Dep. 20 & 21 Eliz. Mich.
no. 7. The ancient customs were then
placed on record. |
| 16 |
William Dethick, Garter, made the
grant to John Calvert alias Calverley, as
'son and heir of Thomas son of William
son and heir of John, that first came into
Lancashire and dwelt at Cockerham,
which John Calverley was the fourth son
of Sir William the son and heir of Sir
Walter Calverley of Calverley in Yorkshire, kt., as may appear by the pedigree
and information made and produced before
us'; Piccope MSS. (Chet. Lib.), iii, 153
(from Dods. MSS. lxxix). |
| 17 |
The rectory was leased to him for
three lives—his own and those of his
sons William and Thomas—in 1594 at a
rent of £32 0s. 3d., heriot of £5 and
20 marks fine; Pat. 37 Eliz. pt. ix;
Cal. S. P. Dom. 1591–4, p. 567. The
manor and rectory seem to have been
granted in fee by Pat. 44 Eliz. pt. iii.
John Calvert had a dispute in 1589
with John Butler of Kirkland regarding an
agreement made with his father Thomas
Calvert concerning Bowlandswray; Exch.
Dep. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), 5.
In religion John Calvert must have
been a conformist, for he was a justice in
1600; Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.),
i, 229. He and Jane his wife were deforciants in a fine concerning the manor
and rectory in 1616; Pal. of Lanc. Feet
of F. bdle. 87, no. 22. |
| 18 |
Lancs. Inq. p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs.
and Ches.), ii, 131–2; Richard was
already married to Jane. |
| 19 |
See the introduction. He was buried
at Cockerham 12 Mar. 1649–50; Reg. |
| 20 |
Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc.
Lancs. and Ches.), ii, 1–4. John Calvert,
younger brother of Richard, himself a
'delinquent,' petitioned for the annuity
his father had granted him; he died soon
afterwards and his children in 1654
pleaded for an allowance out of the estate.
In 1651 Richard and Edmund Calvert,
on behalf of themselves and their two
younger brothers, sons of Richard Calvert, esq., asked for the annuities settled
upon them; the payment had ceased
owing to the seizure of the estate of their
elder brother John for his 'delinquency';
ibid. 3. |
| 21 |
Index of Royalists (Index Soc), 42.
John Calvert had with other Royalists
been present at the burning of Lancaster
in 1643; Cal. Com. for Comp. i, 21. |
| 22 |
Royalist Comp. Papers, ii, 1; Pal. of
Lanc. Feet of F. bdle. 156, m. 243—
Samuel Foxley v. John Calvert and
Richard Calvert, 1654. The estate included the manor and rectory, views of
frankpledge, &c., messuages, lands, three
mills, forty salt houses, &c., in Cockerham, Ellel, Marsh, Crimbles, Hillam,
Forton, Cleveley, Bankhouses, Sinthwaite, Crookhey, Uptown, Ashton,
Wedacre and Thurnham. |
| 23 |
Ibid. bdle. 279, m. 94. The estate
was probably sold at that time. Bishop
Gastrell noted (c. 1717) that 'Lord
Haversham claims the presentation' to
the vicarage, and added that 'Col.
[Francis] Charteris (who has bought an
estate here) presented the present vicar,
anno 1722'; Notitia Cestr. ii, 405. For
Lord Haversham, see Dict. Nat. Biog.,
under Thompson (John). |
| 24 |
In 1770 Cockerham was included
in a recovery of the manor of Hornby
and other estates of the Hon. Francis
Charteris and Francis Charteris the
younger; Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 612,
m. 7. |
| 25 |
Com. Pleas Recov. R. Mich.
32 Geo. III, m. 83; Baines, Lancs, (ed.
1836), iv, 555.
The Vicarage Act of 1834 records an
agreement of Sept. 1792 between
Thomas Greene of Slyne, Anthony
Atkinson of Lancaster, Robert Dent of
Temple Bar and Robert Addison of
Lancaster, seised in fee simple of the
manor, &c., for a partition into four equal
parts. John Dent in 1800 married Anne
Jane Williamson of Roby Hall, Huyton,
and there were ten children of the
marriage, Robert Dent (born 1804) being
the eldest son and succeeding his father
in 1826. Robert became a lunatic, but
had settled the manor, &c., on his
brothers, so that John Villiers Dent succeeded. Robert Addison died in 1819;
his daughter Jane married James Clarke
of Laund in Cockerham, and they had
sons Robert Addison (a lunatic), James
and Thomas Clarke. Anthony Atkinson
(d. 1796) left his estates to his sister
Anne (d. 1806), with remainder to his
cousin Richard Atkinson (d. 1821), who
left a son Richard (whose wife in 1822
was Frances). Thomas Greene died in
1810, leaving an only child Thomas as
heir, who in 1820 married Henrietta
Russell and had three sons and two
daughters; Private Act, 4 Will. IV,
cap. 5.
Thus in 1836 the four lords were
Thomas Greene, Tory M.P. for Lancaster (1824–57), Richard Atkinson, John
Villiers Dent and James Clarke the
elder; Baines, loc. cit. Thomas Greene
died in 1872. The above-named John
Dent, a partner in Child & Co.'s bank,
represented Lancaster as a Tory 1790–
1812; Pink and Beaven, Part. Repre. of
Lancs. 127.
In 1870 the lords were the abovenamed Thomas Greene and John Villiers
Dent, also James Addison Clarke and
Richard Atkinson, vicar (son of the
Richard of 1822); Baines, Lancs. (ed.
1870), ii, 588. Thomas Greene left a
son Dawson Cornelius, who was in 1897
succeeded by his son Mr. H. D. Greene
of Whittington; Burke, Landed Gent. |
| 26 |
Col. Bird died in 1909, after the
account in the text was written. He
was son of William Smith Bird, a Liverpool shipowner, and was educated at
Oxford. He had no children. |
| 27 |
Information of Lieut.-Col. Bird, who
in 1869 purchased the fourth part of the
manor held by the Rev. R. Atkinson
(Grimshaw) and in 1871 that held by
Mr. Dent. |
| 28 |
Information of Mr. J. E. Oglethorpe. |
| 29 |
V.C.H. Lancs. i, 288b. It had been
held by Earl Tostig as part of his Halton
lordship, and was in the king's hands in
1086. Afterwards it formed part of the
Lancaster family's fee, and had probably
merged in Cockerham before the grant of
this manor to Leicester Abbey. |
| 30 |
Ibid. It had been held by Earl
Tostig as part of his Preston lordship, and
was in the king's hands in 1086. This
also was later included in the Lancasters'
fee. William de Lancaster granted
2 oxgangs of land in Crimbles to Grimbald de Ellel to be held by knight's
service when twenty-four plough-lands
made a knight's fee; Lancs. Inq. and
Extents, i, 3. Herbert de Ellel in 1206
gave the 2 oxgaugs to Leicester Abbey;
Final Conc. i, 26. Walter son of Swain
appears to have been tenant of one of the
oxgangs; he resigned it to the abbey,
receiving 8½ marks from Grimbald son
and heir of Herbert de Ellel as compensation; ibid. 29.
In Little Crimbles Alan de Hackinsall
granted the land he held and all his right
to lands, services, &c, to the canons of
Leicester; MS. Laud. H 72, fol. 45b. |
| 31 |
The said William released his right
in the manor and vill of Cockerham with
Crimbles and Laithwaite on both sides
of Cocker, within these bounds: From
Langwath down the Cocker to Estkebeck;
following this beck to the cross between
the abbey land and Winmarleigh Wood,
thence across the middle of Laithwaite
Lea towards Gruneshend as far as Gretepool; thence to Mosebrook, along the
west side of this brook to Otersty, through
the Moss to Driebirches; thence to
Crawlache, to Pilling, and down to the
sea; MS. Laud. H 72, fol. 45b. |
| 32 |
W. Farrer's deeds. |
| 33 |
Gardiner is a common surname in
the district. Administration of the effects
of William Gardiner of Crookhey was
granted in 1661. |
| 34 |
Hewitson, Northward, 93. The
present Crookhey Hall was built on land
adjoining the old estate in 1878. |
| 35 |
In 1370–3 William de Stockinbridge
obtained a messuage, &c., in Cockerham
from William son of Adam de Crookall;
Final Conc, ii, 185. |
| 36 |
Pal. of Lanc. Plea R. 9, m. 15;
Alan Clapham, Roger and Richard
Gardiner, with nineteen others, were
charged with keeping greyhounds and
other dogs for hunting at Cockerham,
Thurnham, Ellel, Ashton and Chipping
contrary to the statute of 13 Ric. II,
whereby it was ordained that no workman
or layman not having lands or tenements
of the yearly value of 40s., nor any priest
not having a benefice of £10 value, might
keep greyhounds or use snares or nets to
catch wild hares or rabbits. |
| 37 |
Parts of the Cockersand Abbey lands
within Cockerham are named in the inquisitions of Sir T. Holt, Anne Dalton and
Barnaby Kitchen.
John Fisher died in 1608 holding a
messuage, &c., in Cockerham of the king
in chief by knight's service. He left as
heirs two daughters Dorothy and Elizabeth,
aged four and two respectively; Lancs. Inq.
p.m. (Rec. Soc. Lancs. and Ches.), i, 96.
Thomas Browne of Cockerham in 1631
compounded for refusing knighthood;
Misc. (Rec. Soc. Lancs, and Ches.), i, 221.
See the account of the vicars.
Thomas Sclater, M.D., of Cambridge
in 1654 sold to Peter and George Bradshaw of Wrampool the tenement called
Cross House, with the saltcote or house
where salt was made, and a plot of ground
where the sea did usually flow called the
Sandflore; also the Boon Road, Clerk's
Close and Whinney Close; Earwaket
MSS. |
| 38 |
John Brade adhered to the forces
raised against the Parliament, and in 1649
compounded for the offence by a fine of
£9; Royalist Comp. Papers (Rec. Soc.
Lancs. and Ches.), i, 216. John Denis
and John Gardiner, for the like offence,
compounded for £12 10s. and £5 10s.;
ibid, ii, 119; iii, 1. Grace Cropper's
cottage was seized for the 'delinquency'
of her husband, and she in 1649 compounded by £3 fine; ibid, ii, 89.
John Dalton of Barton-on-Humber
forfeited certain lands held in Cockerham.
He preferred to confess 'delinquency'
rather than wait for the decision of the
barons of the Exchequer. His fine was
£46; Cal. Com. for Comp. iii, 2135.
Robert Townson of Cockerham compounded by a fine of £3 15s. for a
'delinquency' similar to John Brade's;
ibid. 2099. |
| 39 |
Cal. S. P. Dom. 1672, p. 677. See
the account of Ellel. |