SHALDEN
Seldene (xi cent.); Schalden, Scaldeden, Scaudedene
(xii cent.); Chalden, Scalden (xiii cent.).
The parish of Shalden contains 1,536 acres. Its
eastern boundary is formed by the high road from
Alton to Odiham, and the village lies about half a
mile to the west of this road and is connected with it
by Stancombe Lane. The principal road through the
village is that from Shalden Green to Alton. The
nearest railway station is at Alton, on the Farnham and
Winchester Branch of the London and South Western
Railway.
The land in the north is high, more than 600 ft.
above the ordnance datum, but it falls in the south to
some 400 ft. above the same datum. The parish is
well wooded, and there is a small park at Shalden
Lodge, the residence of Mr. Frank Mangles, J.P. At
Shalden Green there is a small common with a few
cottages on the western side, and Park Farm on the east.
In 1905 there were in the parish 370 acres of
arable land, 877 acres of permanent grass, and 194
acres of woodland. (fn. 1) The soil is clay and chalk, with
a subsoil of chalk, and the chief crops produced are
cereals. A large number of old chalk-pits indicate that
the chalk was once worked in this neighbourhood.
Roman remains were found to the west of the
village in 1854.
Place-names occurring in connexion with Shalden
in the 17th century are Gregories Farm and Shrubb. (fn. 2)
John Lightfoot the botanist was rector of Shalden
from 1765 until 1777. (fn. 3)
Manor
The manor of SHALDEN was held
at the time of the Domesday Survey by
William Mauduit; formerly it had been
held by four freemen of King Edward the Confessor
as an alod. (fn. 4) The overlordship of the manor passed
to the descendants of William Mauduit in the same
way as the manor of Hartley Mauduit (q.v.), of which
Shalden was held. (fn. 5)
The manor was apparently held by the Mauduits
of Hartley Mauduit in demesne (fn. 6) until near the end
of the 12th century, when
William Mauduit of Hanslope
gave this manor to his brother
Robert Mauduit of Warminster to be held of William
and his heirs for the service
of half a knight's fee. (fn. 7) Robert
Mauduit died in 1191, (fn. 8) and
his son and successor Thomas
was holding the manor in
1235–6. (fn. 9) He died in 1244,
and was succeeded by his
son William. (fn. 10) Thomas the
successor of William left a son and heir Warin, a
minor, whose custody was assigned by Henry III
to his brother Richard, Earl of Cornwall. (fn. 11) From
Warin some interest in the manor seems to have
passed on his death in 1299–1300 (fn. 12) to his son
Thomas, for he granted a virgate of land at Shalden to
Walter Stoner his freeman
for his homage and services. (fn. 13)
Before this time, however, the
manor seems to have passed to
Richard, Earl of Cornwall, for
he obtained from Henry III a
grant of free warren there, and
on his death in 1272 the
manor descended to his son
Edmund, (fn. 14) who was summoned in 1280 to show by
what right he claimed free
warren and the assize of
bread and ale in the manor. (fn. 15) At that time Sir
Nicholas de Boys held the manor of the earl as a
tenant for life. (fn. 16) In 1297 the earl, in consideration
of the good services of Sir Nicholas, granted the manor
to him and his heirs for ever. (fn. 17) Sir Nicholas was
to pay nothing for the manor, but his heirs were to
pay £12 a year to the earl. (fn. 18) This rent was, however, remitted in 1320 by Edward II, (fn. 19) to whom the
earl's interest had descended. In 1309 Sir Nicholas
de Boys granted the manor to Robert de Kendale and
Margaret his wife and the heirs of Margaret. The
manor was then held by Ralph le Mareschal for life. (fn. 20)
He was still holding it in 1310, (fn. 21) but it had passed
to Robert de Kendale before 1316. (fn. 22) Robert died in
1330, and his son Edward succeeded to the manor, (fn. 23)
but it was held by Margaret widow of Robert till her
death in 1347. (fn. 24) Sir Edward de Kendale died in 1373,
leaving a son Edward his heir. (fn. 25) Edward (then Sir
Edward) and his brother Thomas both died without
issue in 1375. (fn. 26) Sir Robert Turk and Beatrice his wife,
sister and heir of Sir Edward and Thomas de Kendale,
conveyed the manor in 1376–7 to Sir William Croiser
and William Bukbridge, (fn. 27) trustees for Elizabeth widow
of Sir Edward de Kendale the younger, to whom they
transferred it in the same year. (fn. 28) Elizabeth afterwards married Sir Thomas
Barre, and died in 1421. Her
heir was her grandson, John
son of Thomas Barre, (fn. 29) but
the manor of Shalden passed
to John de Kendale, who held
it in 1428. (fn. 30) From him the
manor passed by descent or
purchase to Robert Lee and
his wife Joan, who conveyed
it in 1437–8 to Stephen Dyer
and his son William. (fn. 31) William Dyer conveyed the manor
in 1444–5 to Richard, Bishop of Chichester and
others. (fn. 32) The Dyers seem, however, to have been
merely trustees for the Lees, (fn. 33) for in 1485–6
Maud, Anne, Elizabeth, Jane, and Ellen, daughters
of John Lee, claimed the issues of the manor during the nonage of their brother John under the
will of their father, and complained that they had
been prevented from enjoying them by Reginald
Sandes and Robert Norton, trustees. (fn. 34) In 1567
William Lee sold the manor to Anne Twynne, (fn. 35) and
in 1591 Richard Miller and William Gregory sold it
to William, afterwards Sir William, Kingswll. (fn. 36) It
was sold in 1628 by Sir William's son and successor
Edward Kingswell to Sir Richard Young, bart., of
Weybridge, (fn. 37) of whom it was purchased in 1632 by
Humphrey Benett. (fn. 38) Humphrey, then Sir Humphrey
compounded for his estate in 1649, (fn. 39) and sold the
manor of Shalden in 1653 to Anne Mynne, widow of
George Mynne of Woodcote, and to John Lewkenor
and Anne, daughter of George Mynne, his wife. (fn. 40)
John Lewkenor and Anne were succeeded by their
son John, and this manor passed in the same way as
that of Steventon (q.v.) to the Knights of Chawton, in
whose family it remained till 1840, when it was sold
by Edward Knight to Mr. John Wood of Thedden
Grange. (fn. 41) On his death in 1871 it passed to his son
Mr. John Gathorne Wood, the present owner. (fn. 42)
Mauduit. Paly wavy or and gules.
Richard, Earl of Cornwall. Argent a lion gules crowned or in a border sable bezanty.
Lee. Or a chief sable battled with three bezants therein.
Knight of Chawton. Vert a bend indented or with a cinquefoil argent in the foot.
Wood of Thedden Grange. Gules three woodmen having on their left arms shields argent each with a flowered cross gules and in their right hands clubs resting on their shields with a chief invected or and a star between two fleurs de lis azure therein.
Church
The church of ST. PETER and
ST. PAUL is a small structure consisting of a chancel with a north vestry
and an aisleless nave with a north porch and a small
bell-cot over the west end. It was built in 1863, and
is of very plain 13th-century design. The old
church stood a few feet to the south of the present
one, and has been completely destroyed. The only
thing remaining is the font, which is re-used in the
new church. It is of 15th-century date and octagonal form, with a moulded octagonal stem and a
panelled bowl. The bell-cot contains one modern bell.
The plate consists ot a silver chalice and paten
cover of 1628; a paten of Sheffield plate and a glass
flagon with plated mount.
The first book of the registers contains baptisms
from 1686 and marriages and burials from 1687,
baptisms and burials running to 1790, marriages to
1753. This book contains notes of affidavits of
burials in woollen. The second book contains baptisms and burials from 1791 to 1812, and the third
marriages with banns, the printed form, from 1754
to 1812. There is also a book of churchwardens'
accounts from 1754 to the present day.
Advowson
The church
of Shalden
was given by
William Mauduit the chamberlain to the prior and convent of Southwick between
1147 and 1153. (fn. 43) The grant
was confirmed by Robert Mauduit, Pope Eugenius III, and
by Pope Urban III in 1185. (fn. 44)
Thomas Mauduit claimed a
presentation in 1223, (fn. 45) but
the suit apparently went
against him, and the advowson
remained in the possession of the priory till the Dissolution (fn. 46) ; it then passed to the Crown, in which it
has since been vested.
Southwick Priory. Argent a chief sable with two roses argent therein.