HAWNES or HAYNES
Hagenes (xi cent.); Haunes (xiii cent.); Haine
(xiv cent.); Haunce (xv–xvii cents.).
Haynes is a small village one mile east of the Bedford and Luton main road, and stands on high ground
on the southern boundary of Haynes Park, most of
the houses of the village lying along the road which
branches off from the Bedford Road, and being known as
Church End. Other groups of houses are Northwood
End and Silver End, in the north-east of the parish,
and West End on the Bedford Road, in the southwest. The church is close to the south entrance to
the park, with the vicarage near by on the south,
between it and the road. The open grass land of
the park slopes down from the churchyard to the
stream, a tributary of the Flitt, which flows eastward
and forms a small lake.
The area of the parish is 2,606½ acres, of which
1,649¼ are arable land, 1,277½ permanent grass, and
72½ woods. (fn. 1) The soil is of clay and sand, and the
subsoil is of Lower Greensand formation. The chief
crops are wheat, barley, beans, and turnips. The
ground is very undulating; the highest point, 373 ft.
above ordnance datum, being found in the south of
the parish, while the lowest point, 193.8 ft., is at
Appley Corner, on the border of Southill parish.
Haynes Park is well placed on the northern slope of
the valley through which the stream runs, but the
house is in itself of little architectural interest, having
been much modernized. It is at present occupied by
Mr. W. B. Greenfield. The collection of portraits
of Grenvilles, Carterets, and Thynnes, is a notable
one; among others are Sir Richard Grenville, dated
1571; Sir Bernard, his grandson; and Sir Bevil, his
great-grandson, the great west country royalist, killed
at Lansdowne in 1643; Sir John Grenville, son of
Sir Bevil, and first earl of Bath; Sir George Carteret,
Governor of Jersey; Edward Montagu, first earl of
Sandwich; Robert, earl of Essex, Elizabeth's favourite;
and Margaret, countess of Lennox, Darnley's mother.
Among the place-names in this parish occur those
of Hubbards Pightells, and Hare Stockingfield, as the
names of closes belonging to the manor of Franklins in
1681. (fn. 2) In 1584 Sir Robert Newdigate died seised of
a close called Purleies Close or Julian's Grove, parcel
of the manor of Haynes: (fn. 3) the name St. Julian's
Grove still survives in the parish. In 1622, when
the manor was sold to Sir Oliver Luke, he received
with it two closes called Fattinge Pasture, and Westmires, and also a close called Collens Close, (fn. 4) which is
also mentioned in 1584, as parcel of the manor. (fn. 5)
A ring stated to be identical with the one given by
Queen Elizabeth to the earl of Essex was in the
possession of Lord John Thynne at Haynes, and was
said to have been inherited by him through Essex's
daughter Frances, but there is no foundation for the
story. (fn. 6)
Haynes was once the scene of a royal visit, when
Sir Robert Newdigate was lord of the manor, and on
27 and 28 July, 1605, Queen Anne, the wife of
James I, was entertained by him at Haynes, the king
being then at Sir Edmund Conquest's at Houghton.
On the 30th, the royal pair, with the whole court,
attended divine service at Haynes church. (fn. 7)
Manors
From the time of the Great Survey, the
manor of HAYNES was held of the king
in chief. The last mention of the overlordship occurs in 1614. (fn. 8)
In 1086 the manor was held by Hugh de Beauchamp and was assessed at; hides. It had been held
by Achi, a thegn of King Edward. (fn. 9) Hugh's eldest
son Simon died without issue and the second son Pain,
who obtained the barony of Bedford from William II,
inherited the manor, which on his death descended to
his son Simon. (fn. 10) The latter died about 1206, leaving
as his heir a son William, who in 1219 was concerned
in a dispute with Robert de Bray over land in Haynes. (fn. 11)
On his death in 1259 the manor passed under (fn. 12) a
settlement of 1257 to his second son Henry, who,
however, did not live long to enjoy the property, for
he died some time before the year 1265, leaving no
children and the manor became the right of his brother
John, who was killed in 1265 at Evesham, in arms
against the king. The manor then passed to Maud,
sister of John, who married Roger de Mowbray as her
first husband, by whom she had a son Roger. She
married as her second husband Roger Lestrange, (fn. 13) who
in 1286 claimed view of frankpledge in the manor of
Haynes in right of his wife. (fn. 14) Roger survived his wife
and on his death in 1312 the manor passed to Maud's
grandson John, son of Roger de Mowbray, who had
died in 1296. (fn. 15) John married Aliva, daughter and coheir of William de Braose, and in 1315 settled the
manor on his father-in-law for life. (fn. 16)
John joined the insurrection of Thomas, earl of
Lancaster, in 1321 and having been made prisoner at
the battle of Boroughbridge,
he was hanged at York in
March, 1321–2. (fn. 17) The same
year Edward II granted the
reversion of the manor held by
William de Braose to Hugh
le Despenser and Eleanor his
wife. (fn. 18) William de Braose died
before the end of the year
and Hugh and Eleanor were
granted in February, 1325–6,
free warren in the demesne
lands of the manor of Haynes. (fn. 19)
Edward III on his accession, however, restored the
manor to John de Mowbray (whose father John de
Mowbray was hanged at York), who in that year came
of age. (fn. 20) John's mother Aliva had married, as her
second husband, Sir Richard Peshall, who seems to
have enjoyed the manor of Haynes in the right of his
wife who died in 1381, for in 1329 and again in
1332, Sir Richard Peshall complained that his stepson
had broken his manor of Haynes and carried away oxen
and cattle, besides mowing his crops, fishing in his
streams, and carrying away the crops and fish. (fn. 21) John de
Mowbray was a distinguished soldier, and earned great
renown in the wars with France. He died of the
plague in 1361 and was succeeded by his son John. (fn. 22)
The manor was held for life, however, by his widow
Elizabeth, (fn. 23) who in 1366 was called upon by her son
John to show by what right she had prepared to sell
or destroy three houses, woods and gardens in Haynes
and Willington, which with the manor were to revert
to him after her death. (fn. 24) John recovered the site of
the manor and park by grant of waste against Elizabeth
and also was awarded as damages £23 annually for
twenty years to be paid out of the manor of Haynes.
This John de Mowbray married Elizabeth daughter
and heir of John Lord Segrave by Margaret his wife
daughter and heir of Thomas, earl of Norfolk and
marshal of England. (fn. 25) He joined the crusades and
was killed by the Turks near Constantinople in 1368,
leaving a son John, who was then three years old. (fn. 26)
His father's widow Elizabeth died in 1376 (fn. 27) when
the custody of the manor of Haynes was committed to
trustees during the minority of the heir. (fn. 28) The
damage in the manor of Haynes was such that the
jury did not think the necessary repairs could be undertaken for less than £100. (fn. 29) The next year John de
Mowbray was created earl of Nottingham, but died in
1383 while still under age, when his brother Thomas
inherited the manor which was then worth £16. (fn. 30)
In the same year Thomas was created earl of Nottingham, as that title had died with his brother, and in
1389, marshal of England for life, while in 1397 he
was created earl marshal and duke of Norfolk. (fn. 31) He
was banished from England the next year and died at
Venice, 1400, (fn. 32) in debt to the king and without having
accounted for sums of money spent in the defence of
Calais. (fn. 33) He left a son Thomas, then a minor, and a
widow Elizabeth who married, as her fourth husband,
Sir Robert Goushill, to whom she brought the manor in
dower. At his death in 1404 the manor was valued
at £10 only. (fn. 34) Thomas was beheaded the next year,
having joined in the Scrope conspiracy, and the reversion of the manor passed to his brother John (fn. 35) who
entered into possession in 1425, on the death of
Elizabeth his mother. (fn. 36) John took an active part in
the French wars and died 1432. (fn. 37) His son John died
in 1461, leaving as his heir a son John, (fn. 38) created earl
of Surrey and Warenne in his father's lifetime. On
his death in 1475–6 the manor passed to his daughter
Anne who married Richard Plantagenet, duke of York.
She died while still an infant in 1480–1, and Haynes
passed to her co-heirs, William earl of Nottingham and
Thomas earl of Surrey, who were the descendants of
her great grand-aunts, the daughters of Thomas Mowbray, first duke of Norfolk, who was banished in 1398.
Isabel the elder of these had married James, Lord de
Berkeley, and by him had a son William, created earl
of Nottingham in 1483; the younger, Margaret,
married Sir Robert Howard, and their second son
Thomas, in 1483, was created earl of Surrey. (fn. 39)
Mowbray. Gules a lion argent.
William earl of Nottingham, and Anne his wife, in
1488 alienated their share of
the manor to Sir Reginald
Bray, (fn. 40) who acquired the other
moiety of the manor in 1491
from Thomas, earl of Surrey,
and Elizabeth his wife. (fn. 41) Sir
Reginald Bray died in 1509
and the manor became the
subject of a dispute between
Margery wife of Sir William Sandys, afterwards Lord
Sandys, and daughter of Sir
John Bray, a half-brother of
Sir Reginald Bray, and Edmund Bray, afterwards Lord Bray, son of John, another
brother of Sir Reginald. (fn. 42) The quarrel was settled in
1510 and Edmund retained Haynes manor, Margery
obtaining manors elsewhere. (fn. 43) Edmund died in 1539, (fn. 44)
and was succeeded by his son John, Lord Bray, who
married Anne daughter of Francis earl of Shrewsbury.
He died without issue in 1557, appointing his mother
Jane, daughter and heir of Richard Haliwell, his sole
executrix. Jane had married, as her second husband,
Sir Urian Brereton of Handforth, Cheshire, but she
did not survive her son long, as she died in 1558. (fn. 45)
According to a settlement made by Edmund Lord
Bray in 1538, (fn. 46) the manor, on the death of John,
passed to this Edmund's brother, Sir Edward Bray,
but he also dying in 1558 it was inherited by his son
Sir Edward. (fn. 47) The latter in 1564 conveyed it to
Robert Newdigate, (fn. 48) but the total alienation of the
manor could not take place until Sir Edward's son
and heir Reginald was of full age. The completion of
the purchase was, therefore,
not effected until 1580, when
Sir Edward Bray and Mary
his fourth wife, with Reginald
his son and heir by his second
wife Elizabeth, sold the manor
to Robert Newdigate. (fn. 49) The
manor of Haynes remained in
the possession of the Newdigate family for nearly half a
century. The original purchaser Robert died seised of it
in 1584, when it was worth
£20, Robert having acquired,
shortly before his death, a third of the manor, which
was held as dower by Lady Anne Wharton, who died
in 1585, the widow of John Lord Bray. (fn. 50) He was
succeeded by his son Robert, afterwards Sir Robert
Newdigate, kt., who died in 1613, leaving a son
Robert, the third of that
name. (fn. 51) The latter in 1622
sold the manor to Sir Oliver
Luke of Wood End, in the
parish of Cople, (fn. 52) the father
of Samuel Luke, knighted in
1624. (fn. 53) Both father and son
were zealous Parliamentarians
and strong Presbyterians and
both sat in the Short Parliament of 1640, and in the
Long Parliament, Sir Samuel
Luke as member for Bedford
Borough, and his father representing the county.
At the Restoration Sir Samuel Luke also sat in
the Convention Parliament as member for Bedford
Borough. He took an active part in the Civil
Wars and was several times wounded and taken
prisoner. His personal appearance and short stature
made him an object of Royalist satire and he was the
original of Butler's Sir Hudibras. (fn. 54) During these disturbed times (fn. 55) he seems to have settled the manor on
his son Oliver, who had married Elizabeth the daughter
of Onslow Winch, (fn. 56) and in 1667 father and son united
in conveying the manor to William Montague and Sir
Thomas Crewe, father of John Crewe, Lord Crewe
of Sterne, (fn. 57) probably a preliminary step to selling
it to Sir George Carteret, for although no record of
the transfer is extant, it was acquired by the Carterets about this time, and Lysons mentions 1667 as
the date. Sir George Carteret
was a devoted adherent to the
Royalist cause, he had defended Jersey against the
Parliamentarians, was created
a baronet in 1645 and made
vice-chamberlain at the Restoration. His son Sir Philip
was blown up in the Royal
James off Southwold Bay in
the action against the Dutch,
which took place there in
1672, leaving a son Sir George,
who inherited the manor on
his grandfather's death in 1679. The latter was a
zealous supporter of the Revolution, although elevated
to the peerage by Charles II in 1681, with the title of
Baron Carteret of Haynes. (fn. 58) He died in 1695 and
was succeeded by his son John who became Earl Granville on the death of his mother in 1744. (fn. 59) He led
an active political life, being Lord-lieutenant of Ireland
in 1724 and died in 1763. (fn. 60) The manor passed to his
son Robert on whose death without issue in 1776 (fn. 61) it
was inherited by his nephew Henry Frederick, younger
son of his sister Louisa, in accordance with the terms
of the will of John, Earl Granville. (fn. 62) Henry Frederick
in 1784 was created Baron Carteret of Haynes with
remainder to the younger sons of his brother Thomas,
first marquess of Bath, and on
his death without issue in
1826 the manor and title
passed to his nephew Lord
George Thynne, who died
childless in 1838, when he was
succeeded by his brother John,
third Lord Carteret, who also
died without issue in 1849. (fn. 63)
The title then became extinct,
but the manor was inherited
by the Rev. Lord John
Thynne, subdean of Westminster (third son of Thomas, second marquess of
Bath), in whose second son, Mr. Francis John
Thynne, it is vested at the present day.
Bray. Argent a cheveron between three eagles' legs razed sable.
Newdigate. Gules three lions' paws razed argent.
Luke. Argent a hunting horn sable.
Carteret. Gules a fesse indented of four points argent.
Thynne. Barry of ten pieces or and sable.
The site of the manor of Haynes was mortgaged
in 1568 by Robert Newdigate, together with the
park, for £300 by the name of 'the messuage or
mansion house wherin Robert now dwells, known by
the name of the site of the manor of Haunes or
Haunes Lodge.' (fn. 64)
A windmill is mentioned as belonging to the manor
in 1312, (fn. 65) but this is the only notice. A water-mill,
however, was attached to the manor in 1689, (fn. 66) and in
1711 was called a water grist-mill. (fn. 67)
Park
A park at Haynes is mentioned for the
first time in 1312, when Roger Lestrange,
the husband of Maud de Mowbray, died seised
of it, (fn. 68) and it has always been attached to the manor.
In 1316 William de Braose complained that his park
had been entered by many men who hunted and
carried away the deer, (fn. 69) and in 1327 it was estimated
to contain 240 acres. (fn. 70) It was stated in 1368 that the
park was worth nothing beyond reprises because the
underwood there was insufficient for inclosing it. (fn. 71)
The office of parker was conferred upon William
Marshall in 1393 for life, with the fees, to hold as
Roger Park, deceased, had it, and in 1398 he received
the profits of agistment and herbage, provided that
sufficient pasture should be kept for the deer of the
lord of the manor. (fn. 72) In 1568 the park was mortgaged by Robert Newdigate, and contained then
about 500 acres. (fn. 73) At the present day the park is
about 800 acres in extent, and is very well timbered,
although there are no trees of particular note beyond
a number of cork oaks, some large hollies and ilexes.
There was another manor in the parish known by
the name of HAYNES GRANGE, which is first
mentioned in 1150, when it was presented by Pain
and Rose de Beauchamp to the priory of Chicksands,
on the occasion of the foundation of that monastery.
In the grant were included 400 acres, and the whole
of Applewood except the part which Olaf the priest of
Haynes held. (fn. 74) This grant was confirmed in the
reign of Henry III by William de Beauchamp, greatgrandson of the donor, (fn. 75) and the priory continued in
undisturbed possession until the Dissolution. In
1285 free warren in Haynes was bestowed upon the
priory, (fn. 76) and the value of the Grange about 1291 was
£5 12s. (fn. 77) The holding was augmented in 1308 by an
alienation in mortmain of 40 acres, the gift of Robert
Doket of Wilshamstead, (fn. 78) but in 1325 the priory was
involved in serious monetary difficulties, and mortgaged
Haynes Grange and the chapel of St. Thomas' manor
in Meppershall to John Pisaquila of Genoa, and
Bartholomew Riky, besides having to sell Applewood and
another wood called Inwood; the mortgage, however, (fn. 79)
was gradually redeemed, and in 1327 a yearly rent of
77s. 6d. was granted to the priory by Robert de
Flamville. (fn. 80) In 1330 the priory justified its claim to
free warren in Haynes by the production of the
charter of Edward I, and also to view of frankpledge
held twice a year in the manor by prescriptive right. (fn. 81)
At the time of the dissolution of Chicksands, the
priory's estate was worth £9 12s. 8d. (fn. 82) Henry VIII
in 1544 granted the manor to Henry Audeley and
John Maynard and their heirs, (fn. 83) but it was probably
soon acquired by Richard Snowe and Elizabeth his
wife, who had already obtained in 1540 the manor
of Chicksands, and all lands in that parish belonging
to the dissolved priory. Richard Snowe died in
1553 seised of a messuage and lands in Haynes, (fn. 84) and
his son Richard in 1587 alienated the Grange to
Peter Osborn at the same time that he sold him
Chicksands manor. (fn. 85) Since this date the manor has
remained in the Osborn family,
and its history has been identical with that of the manor
of Chicksands (q.v.). The
present representative of the
family, in whom the manorial
rights are vested, is Sir Algernon Kerr Butler Osborn, bart.;
the manor is now known as
the Grange Farm House, and
is situated about half a mile
south-east of the village. In
shape it is like the letter H,
of which the central portion
and east wing have been rebuilt at a comparatively
recent date. The old west wing of half timber contains a fine old staircase, leading to a spacious apartment, in which there is a large open fireplace.
Osborn, Baronet. Argent a bend between two lions sable.
Applewood and Inwood, which were sold by the
priory in 1325 in order to raise money, were apparently regained and followed the same descent as
Haynes Grange, for Sir John Osborn died seised of
them in 1628. (fn. 86) Another wood called Auferney was
reserved to the crown when Henry Audeley received
Haynes Grange in 1544, but the Snowes were holding it in 1587, and it passed to the Osborns. The
name Apple still survives in Appley Corner.
The manor of FRANKLINS probably owed its
name to the family of Franklin, for in 1463 a protection granted to John Franklin of Haynes for one
year, to go to Picardy on the king's service, was revoked
as he delayed in Westminster on his own business. (fn. 87)
No other record of this family, however, is found
relating to Haynes, although the Franklins were
landowners in Thurleigh. The manor of Franklins
is first mentioned in 1563, when Sir John Gascoigne
and Margaret his wife and their son and heir George
conveyed it to Peter Grey, (fn. 88) who sold it in 1564 to
Simon Leaper and Katherine his wife, an arrangement
being made by which the purchase money was to be
paid in the form of a rent for a certain number of
years, and in 1570 an action was brought against the
latter for refusing to pay the rent after her husband's
death in 1568. (fn. 89) The manor passed to Thomas, son
of Katherine and Simon, and he, on the occasion of
his son Thomas's marriage with Judith Saunderson in
1601, settled it on them and their heirs. Thomas
the father died in 1604, (fn. 90) and the son with his second
wife Peregrine sold the manor in 1622 to Thomas
Field, (fn. 91) who, two years later, with his wife Anne,
conveyed it to Sir Oliver Luke, who had already
purchased Haynes manor. (fn. 92) The manor continued
to be held by the Lukes, and the last mention of it
occurs in 1704, when Nicholas Luke was the owner. (fn. 93)
From this date the descent of the manor is lost. (fn. 94)
Another supposed manor appears for the first time
in 1623 under the name of the manor of THE
CHAPEL OF SAINT MACUTES (alias St. Machutus, alias St. Makes, alias St. Marks). This estate
owed its origin to the free chapel of St. Machutus in
Haynes, said to have been given by Robert de Albini
in the twelfth century to Beaulieu Priory, in the
parish of Clophill, a cell to the abbey of St. Albans. (fn. 95)
Although the priory had to serve the chapel and took
the profits of the lands, the advowson appears to have
been retained by Robert de Albini and followed a
descent which is traced under the advowson of the
church. On the occasion of the transfer of Beaulieu
Priory to St. Albans Abbey without the king's consent in 1435, an inquisition was taken, in which it
was stated that Aumary of St. Amand, a descendant
of Robert de Albini, had shortly after 1279 given a
carucate of land in Wilshamstead to support one
monk in the chapel of St. Machutus, who should
celebrate mass there three days a week for the souls
of Aumary and his ancestors. During the eight years
prior to this inquisition the abbot had ceased to provide a monk and had taken all the profits of the
carucate which was worth £4. (fn. 96) The same abbot
John of Wheathampstead undertook many expensive
works on the lands belonging
to St. Albans, and among others
caused five barns to be built at
St. Machutus in 1438, one of
which, 48 ft. in length, cost
£10. (fn. 97) The chapel and lands
came to the crown at the Dissolution, and were afterwards
bestowed by Queen Mary
upon George Rotherham of
Farley and Roger Barber of
Luton, and were conveyed by
them, towards the end of the
same year, to John Ventris of
Campton, to hold from the
queen in chief. (fn. 98) John Ventris died seised of the manor
in 1558 and was succeeded by his second son Henry,
the elder, William, dying a few weeks after his father. (fn. 99)
The lands and buildings were rented from the Ventris
family by Edmund Lord Bray, and it was stated in 1561
that the lease had yet thirteen or fourteen years to
run. (fn. 100) It is stated that George Rotherham died seised
of the lands and chapel in 1594, and shortly before
his death he brought an action against Anne Rotherham, widow, and Isaac Rotherham, from whom he
claimed the lands and chapel by descent from his
grandfather, George Rotherham, to whom they were
granted in 1554; (fn. 101) none of the Rotherhams, however, had any claim to the lands and chapel, as they
were alienated by the grantee George Rotherham to
John Ventris, in whose family they continued for
many years.
Ventris. Azure a dolphin swimming between two waved bends argent.
Henry Ventris died in 1564, and left as his heir
a son Francis, then only a year old. He afterwards
became Sir Francis Ventris, (fn. 102) and in 1623 conveyed
the chapel and lands, by the title of the manor, to
Robert Morgan of London, for the purpose of a settlement on his second son Charles. (fn. 103) However, on the
death of Sir Francis in 1627, his eldest son Francis
entered into the premises, (fn. 104) and on his death without
issue in 1631 his brother Charles inherited the
manor. (fn. 105) Some time between 1657 and 1666, the
manor was alienated to the Luke family, who had
acquired Haynes manor in 1622. (fn. 106)
The manor passed from the family of Luke to the
Lords Carteret, its descent being identical with that
of Haynes manor from the date of the transfer to
the Lukes. The last mention of it occurs in 1795,
when Henry Frederick, Lord Carteret, owned it, (fn. 107)
the absence of all later mention of it doubtless indicates that it was absorbed in Haynes manor; the
name however survives in a wood known as St. Macute's Wood.
Church
The church of OUR LADY was
practically rebuilt except the tower in
1850, and has a chancel 35 ft. 6 in. by
15 ft. 6 in. with vestry and north chapel, nave
60 ft. by 20 ft. 8 in. with north and south aisles
7 ft. 8 in. wide, south porch, and west tower 10 ft.
square within the walls. The oldest masonry details are those of the south arcade of the nave, which
is good work of the early part of the fourteenth
century, with tall pointed arches of two chamfered
orders in the labels, piers of four engaged half-round
shafts, and moulded capitals and bases of excellent
detail.
The chancel and tower arches are both of fifteenthcentury date, their detail being similar. The chancel
contains no ancient features, having a modern east
window of three lights, two two-light windows on
the south, a north window to the east of the vestry
door, and an arcade of two bays opening to the north
chapel which contains an elaborate monument of
Anne Constantia (Beresford) wife of Lord John
Thynne. On the south side of the chancel are
modern sedilia and a recess for the organ. East of
the vestry doorway is a small segmental-headed recess
retaining a little ancient stonework.
The nave arcades are of four bays, that on the
north being a modern copy of the south arcade. All
the nave windows and the south doorway with its porch
are modern. The western tower, which is roughly
plastered on the outside, has an embattled parapet,
plain two-light belfry windows, and a much-restored
west window of two lights on the ground story. It
has a stair at the south-east angle, and opens to the
church by a pointed arch of two moulded orders with
a hollow between, the jambs having in place of the
hollow a rounded member which is continued vertically above the capital and dies out in the hollow, a
curious and illogical detail characteristic of fifteenthcentury work in the district. This detail occurs
also in the chancel arch. The roofs are entirely
modern, that of the nave having at the plate-level
figures of angels bearing emblems of the passion.
The font is octagonal with plain fifteenth-century
detail. At the east end of the south aisle is the
Carteret chapel and vault, inclosed with a wroughtiron screen. On the north wall of the chancel
is the brass of Anthony Newdigate, 1568, with
a figure kneeling at a desk, and a shield of arms
above.
There are four bells, the treble by John Knight
1627, the second by Christopher Graye 1662, the
third is a fourteenth-century bell with a reversed
inscription in Gothic capitals reading 'Matris Messie
pie sum campana Marie,' and the tenor of 1658
bears three sets of initials 'C. G.,' 'T. T.,' and
'W. W.' reversed. The plate consists of a silver
chalice and paten of 1849, given by Lord John
Thynne.
The registers are contained in four books beginning respectively in 1596, 1654, 1664 and 1754.
Advowson
The church of Haynes is first
mentioned in 1150, when it was
given by Pain and Rose de Beauchamp to the priory of Chicksands on the occasion of
the foundation of the latter. (fn. 108) The gift was confirmed by William, their grandson, in the thirteenth
century, (fn. 109) and the church remained the property of
the priory until the Dissolution. The vicarage was
constituted before 1235 and appropriated to Chicksands
Priory; it was then worth 4 marks, and the whole
church 12 marks (£8); the prior had to provide a
toft for the vicar, and to sustain all the charges of the
church, while the vicar had to pay the prior 15s. (fn. 110)
About 1291 the church was worth £6 13s. 4d.
apart from the pension of the prior, which was
£1 6s. 8d., while the 15s. from the vicarage was
still paid. (fn. 111) The total value of the church in 1535
was again £8, so that the value remained the same
during the whole period of 300 years. (fn. 112) After the
dissolution of Chicksands Priory the advowson, with
the rectorial tithes, was granted by the king to William Ardern, who had apparently had the lease of
them in 1535, for in that year he interfered on behalf
of Mr. Franklin, the parson of Haynes, who was
cited by the bishop of Lincoln before his chancellor.
William Ardern trusted the articles against Franklin
would be found untrue 'for the parsonage is well and
sufficiently reparelld, and in the same hospitality kept,
and a priest to serve the cure.' (fn. 113) In 1544 Henry
Audeley and John Maynard received a grant of the
vicarage and tithes, (fn. 114) but by 1587 they were the
property of Edward Snowe, who in that year alienated
them to Peter Osborn and his heirs. (fn. 115) The advowson of the vicarage since that date has remained the
right of the Osborn family, and has followed the
descent of Chicksands manor, being vested at the
present day in Sir Algernon K. B. Osborn, bart. The
value of the vicarage in 1605 had not increased since
1235, but was still £8. (fn. 116) Thomas Brightman, the
author of a thesis on the Book of Revelation, was
then the vicar; his work attracted much attention in
the reigns of Elizabeth and James. (fn. 117) In 1641 Sir
Peter Osborn brought an action against Thomas
Joyce, the parson of Haynes, and the latter was
ordered by the House of Lords to produce his presentation and induction to the rectory. (fn. 118) He apparently was deprived of the living and compounded in
December, 1646, under the Oxford Articles for delinquency, as he had gone to Oxford and joined
the king. In March, 1647, he was subjected to
the Decimation Tax and paid £28. (fn. 119) In the
meantime another rector, John Bird, who had been
inducted, proved unsatisfactory, and the rectory was
sequestered from him in 1645 on account of misdemeanours certified against him. His successor,
Mr. Tutty, left the next year for want of maintenance. (fn. 120)
The advowson of the free chapel of St. Machutus,
granted in the twelfth century to Beaulieu Priory by
Robert de Albini, was doubtless retained by him and
passed by some unknown means into the family of
Mowbray, to whom he was related, being a nephew
of Roger Mowbray. (fn. 121) The advowson remained
vested in the Mowbrays, and its history is similar to
that of the manor of Haynes, (fn. 122) with which it was
alienated in 1488 to Sir Reginald Bray. (fn. 123) The last
mention of the advowson occurs in 1538 when the
Brays were still the patrons, (fn. 124) but as all religious services in the chapel probably ceased when the abbey
of St. Albans was dissolved the advowson of necessity
lapsed.
Charities
There are here a Wesleyan and a Baptist chapel.
In 1708 Villiers Fowler, widow, by
will, charged her estates in the county
of Bedford with the principal sum
of £100, to be laid out in the purchase of land
for the use of the poor, 50s. a year for teaching
poor children, and the remaining portion of the
income amongst the poor of the parish. A sum
of £22 was also given by a poor sailor for the poor
of the parish. The principal sum of £122 is regarded as charged upon Haynes Park Estate, now
belonging to F. J. Thynne, esq., at £5 per cent.;
2s. 6d. each is paid to thirty widows or widowers
on St. Thomas's Day, and the balance in prizes for
knowledge of the Scriptures and for attendance at
school.
James Eames by his will, proved 6 March, 1888,
bequeathed £906 15s. 10d. consols (with the official
trustees) the dividends of which are divided among
twenty-five poor persons, who formerly received £1 a
piece, but since the reduction of interest on the stock
18s. 2d. each.