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April 1.
B. M. Calig. B. iv. 225. | 472. Commission for Scotland. |
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| Commission of Francis and Mary, King and Queen of
France and Scotland, appointing [Jean] de Monluc, Bishop
of Valence, [Nicolas] de Pellevé, Bishop of Amiens, and M. de
la Brosse, their Commissioners to settle the troubles which for
some time past have disturbed Scotland, authorizing them to
offer the rebels an amnesty for past offences if they will
return to their allegiance, and empowering them to treat
with Elizabeth if necessary.—Amboise, 1 April 1559. Signed:
François, Marie,—De l'Aubespine. |
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| Copy. Pp. 2. |
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April 1.
B. M. Calig. B. ix. 53. | 473. Another copy of the above.
Copy, dated by Cecil. Endd.: Copy of the commission
sent by Chapperone. Pp. 3. |
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April 1.
B. M. Nero, B. vi. 9. | 474. Sir Edward Carne to the Queen. |
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| 1. Acknowledges her letter of 4th February, which he received on the 10th ult., licensing him to return home, according
to his long suit made in that behalf, of the receipt of which
he advertised her on the 11th of the same. When putting
himself in order to depart was warned not to do so without
first giving the Pope knowledge thereof, whereupon he made
suit to declare to him how long he had been away from home
during the late Queen's reign, and had continually made suit to
be allowed to return to his wife and children; and that he therefore desired to take his leave of him and return immediately.
The Pope, however, deferring to grant him an audience on
the pretence that he was sick, Carne went to the Cardinal of
Naples, through whom it was usual to seek an audience with
His Holiness. Getting, however, nothing but fair words from
him, he went to the Cardinal Trani, the chief of Council,
and who rules all under the Pope, asking him to inform His
Holiness of his [the writer's] recall, and that he wished to
depart speedily out of Italy before the extreme heats; that he
could stay no longer conveniently, and was only waiting to
inform the Pope of his departure. The Cardinal said that the
Pope knew well that Carne was revoked before the Cardinal
of Naples had moved him, and that he would learn his
pleasure. |
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| 2. On the 21st ultimo Cardinal Trani told him that the Pope
was sore moved in such sort when he spoke to him of Carne's
departure that he durst no way further press him therein, and
that he thought he would not suffer him to depart. Carne
told him that he must needs depart, first on account of his
duty to his Sovereign, and next from necessity, and begged
him to do the best he could for him; which he promised to
do. In the mean season he made him ready to get him
hence. |
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| 3. On the morrow, after Easter Day, being the 27th of the
last month, the said Cardinal told him that the Pope would
not suffer him to depart "herehence," the Queen and her
realm "being revolted from his obedience and this see, as he
was informed;" and therefore had given him strait commandment to charge Carne not to depart, without his special
commandment, and to stay in the meantime in the English
house here. Carne told him that he was very ill-handed for
his long service to be kept here as a prisoner. The Cardinal
said, "Content yourself, this is the Pope's pleasure," and would
hear him no further. |
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| 4. So he dares not out of the gates of this city, which are
straitly kept night and day with soldiers; also he is wellknown, besides being old and able to make no shift. |
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| 5. Begs the Queen to remember his thirty years service
under her father, brother, and sister, wherein he consumed all
the substance that he had, without any recompence, but lived
with his diets only, with the hardest. Unless she have mercy he
will have nothing to live upon, besides he is an old man and
almost at his grave, and can make little shift. Will, however,
omit no occasion for his deliverance "herehence." Begs the
Queen to pardon him for lamenting his case to her, since there
is no other to whom he can do so. Has no other occurrence
to advertise her of, but that the Pope has driven all the
Bishops that lay at Rome to depart "herehence" to their
bishoprics. |
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| The report is that the peace is concluded, and that there
will be a general council this year somewhere out of Italy.—
Rome, April 1, 1559. Signed: Edward Carne. |
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| Orig. Add. Endd. Pp. 4. |
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April 2.
R. O. Rymer, xv. 513. Dumont, V. 29. | 475. Treaty of Cateau Cambresis. |
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| Treaty of peace between Francis and Mary, King and
Queen of Scotland, and Elizabeth, Queen of England, concluded at Cateau Cambresis, 2 April 1559. |
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| Prefixed is an abstract of the commission of the Ambassadors, authorizing them to treat. |
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| The treaty contains the following clauses:— |
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| 1. That there shall be peace between Scotland and
England. |
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| 2. That neither shall invade the territories of the other. |
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| 3. That neither shall assist the enemies of the other. |
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| 4. That neither shall shelter the rebels, traitors, murderers,
thieves, robbers, or fugitives of the other, but shall surrender
them on twenty days' notice. |
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| 5. That the fortress of Aymouth shall be rased, and all
violations of the treaty of Boulogne, A.D. 1549, shall be
remedied. |
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| 6. That all other claims, on either side, shall be reserved for
the present. |
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| 7. That, as there are certain articles respecting which the
Ambassadors are not at this time sufficiently informed, these
shall remain unsettled for the present, but shall be arranged
within two months by Commissioners to be appointed for the
purpose. |
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| 8. That, until this be done, the treaty last entered into
between Edward VI. and Queen Mary be observed. |
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| 9. That in this treaty be comprehended, on the part of
Scotland, the Kings of France and Spain, and on the part of
England, Philip King of Spain. |
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| 10. That this treaty be proclaimed on the borders, by each
party, within thirty days. |
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| 11. That each of the contracting parties shall confirm this
treaty within ten days after having been required so to do by
the other. |
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| Appended are: |
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| Commission of Francis and Mary, &c., dat. Villiers costé
Retz, 1 March 1559. |
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| Commission of Elizabeth, 20 January 1559. |
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| Signed: Carolus Cardinalis de Lotharingia, A. de Montmorency, Jacques D'Albon, J. de Morvillier, E. D'Orleans,
De l'Aubespine. |
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| Orig. Vellum, with five seals. Endd. Lat. Pp. 6. |
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April 2.
B.M. Sloane, 4131. 56 and 67. | 476. A collation of Rymer's text of the above treaty with the
original copy mentioned in the last article, by Forbes. |
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| Two copies. |
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April 2.
R. O. | 477. Another copy of the above.
Copy. Pp. 8. |
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April 2.
R. O. | 478. Another copy of the above, omitting the commissions.
A few notes by Cecil. Pp. 6. |
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April 2.
R. O. | 479. Another copy of the above, omitting the commissions.
Pp. 5. |
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April 2.
R. O. | 480. Another copy of the above, omitting the commissions. |
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| Pp. 6. |
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April 2.
R. O. | 481. Another copy of the above, omitting the commissions. |
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| Endd. by Cecil. Pp. 6. |
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April 2.
B. M. Calig. B. x. 5. | 482. Another copy of the above, omitting the commissions.
Copy. Pp. 5. |
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April 2.
R. O. Forbes, 1. 68. Fœd. xv., 505. Dumont, V. 31. Leonard, 11. 527. | 483. Treaty of Cateau Cambresis. |
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| The Commissioners of Henry King of France, and Elizabeth
Queen of England, having met at Cateau Cambresis, have
concluded a peace between their respective realms in the
following terms. |
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| 1. There shall be peace between Henry and Elizabeth
and their subjects. |
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| 2. That neither shall invade the realm of the other. |
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| 3. That neither shall assist any prince or people who
invade the realms of the other. |
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| 4. That the present treaty shall continue in force even if
the previous articles be violated by the subjects of either
realm, in which case the offenders shall be punished, and none
others. |
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| 5. That the inhabitants of each kingdom shall have liberty
to trade with the other. |
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| 6. That, during this peace, no armed vessel shall leave any
of the ports of either France or England without giving
previous security to the Admiral of France or England, respectively, that the above provisions of the peace shall not be
violated. |
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| 7. That the King of France shall have peaceable possession
for the space of eight years, of Calais, Ruysbank, Nyhuse,
Merk, Oye, Hammes, Sandgate, and Guisnes, with their
appurtenances, acquired by the King of France during the
late war with Queen Mary. At the end of eight years the
premises shall be restored to England. |
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| 8. That along with the town of Calais should also be
restored to England 16 brass pieces of artillery; viz., 3 cannons,
3 demy cannons, 3 bastards, and 7 smaller pieces, called
mayennes. |
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| 9. That the King of France shall cause seven or eight, (and
not more) substantial merchants, not subjects of France, to
become bound to the Queen of England, in the sum of
500,000 crowns of gold of the sun, for the restitution of the
premises at the end of the period specified. |
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| 10. That it shall be lawful for the King of France from
year to year to change the securities mentioned in the last
article, and to substitute others, whom the Queen of England
shall be bound to accept. |
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| 11. That the King of France shall surrender to the Queen.
as hostages for the ratification of the treaty, the following
personages, (for whose sufficiency he vouches) viz., Frederick
de Foix, Count de Candale, and Chaptal de Buch, Louis de
Saint Maure, Marquis de Nesle and Count de Laval, Gaste
de Foix, Marquis de Trani, and [Antoine] du Prat, Prevost of
Paris, and Sieur de Nantoillet, who shall become bond for
the said sum of 500,000 crowns until the merchants mentioned
in § 9 shall be produced. |
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| 12. That these hostages shall not be detained in custody in
England, but shall make oath that they will not depart
from England without the Queen's licence. |
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| 13. That it shall be lawful for the King to change these
hostages every two months. |
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| 14. That during this period of eight years it shall not be
lawful either for the King of France, or the King and Queen
of Scotland, or the Queen of England, to make any hostile
attempt upon the realm or subjects of the other. If this be
done by the King of France, then he and the King Dauphin
shall be bound to surrender Calais and the places aforesaid,
and if this be not done the merchants or hostages, (as the
case may be,) shall be bound to forfeit the sum of 500,000
crowns aforesaid. If on the other hand, the subjects of the
Queen of England violate the treaty, the King of France,
the King Dauphin, and the merchants or hostages, shall be
free from their promises and bonds respectively. Private
individuals violating this treaty shall be punished by their
own Sovereigns. |
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| 15. The port of Aymouth, in the realm of Scotland, and
all buildings erected either by the French, the Scotch, or the
English, in violation of the treaty of Boulogne, of March
1549, shall be demolished within three months from the date
of this treaty. |
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| 16. All suits and claims between the King of France and
the King and Queen of Scotland on the one hand, and the
Queen of England on the other, shall mutually remain whole
and entire. These, it is hoped, will speedily be terminated. |
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| 17. Neither of the contracting parties shall harbour the
rebels or traitors of the other, but shall give them up within
twenty days after being required thereto. |
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| 18. That letters of reprisal or marque shall be given only
against the chief delinquents, their goods and factors; and
this only after the denial of justice. |
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| 19. That in this treaty shall be comprehended, on the part
of France, the King of Spain, and the King, Queen, and
realm of Scotland; and on the part of the Queen of England
Philip King of Spain. |
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| 20. That each of the contracting parties shall cause the
truce to be proclaimed at Paris and London within ten days
of the date of the present treaty, and within the ports and
chief towns of France and England as speedily as possible. |
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| 21. That the King of France and the Queen of England
shall respectively swear to observe the articles of this treaty. |
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| Appended are— |
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| 1. The commission from Henry II., appointing deputies
for the execution of the above treaty. (See 22 Jan. 1559.) |
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| 2. The commission of Elizabeth to the like effect. (See
20 Jan. 1559.) |
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| The treaty is dated at Cateau Cambresis, 2 April 1559,—
Signed, (on the part of France) Carolus Cardinalis de Lotaringia; F. de Montmorency; Jacques d'Albon; De Morvillier;
E. d'Orleans; De Laubespine: (on the part of England)
W. Howard, Thomas Ely, N. Wotton. With the seals of the
five French Commissioners. |
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| Orig. on vellum. Endd. by Cecil. Lat. Pp. 12. |
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April 2.
B.M. Sloane, 4134. 191. | 484. Another copy of the above. |
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| Forbes' transcript. |
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April 2.
R. O. | 485. Another copy of the above. |
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| Pp. 12. |
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April 2.
R. O. | 486. Another copy of the above. |
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| Treaty Book, 1. 171. |
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April 2.
R. O. | 487. Another copy of the above. |
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| Treaty Book, 2. 210. |
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April 2.
B. M. Calig. E. V. 53 b. | 488. Treaty of Cateau Cambresis. |
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| The English counterpart of the treaty of Cateau Cambresis,
in which the English Commissioners take the precedence. |
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| Copy, injured by fire. Pp. 12. |
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April 2.
R. O. | 489. Treaty of Cateau Cambresis. |
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| French counterpart of the treaty of Cateau Cambresis.—
Fontainbleau, [blank] April 1559. |
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| Orig. Signed by Henry, with seal. Endd. by Cecil. Lat.
Pp. 12. |
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April 2.
R. O. | 490. Treaty of Cateau Cambresis. |
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| "Extract of certain articles out of the treaty of France,
made 1559, April 2, concerning Calais," viz. the seventh and
fourteenth articles, with the attestations of the Ambassadors. |
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| Copy. Endd. Lat. Pp. 4. |
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April 3.
R. O. | 491. The English Commissioners at Cateau Cambresis
to the Queen. |
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| On the 26th ult. they received her letters of the 22nd, and
are comforted by finding that she accepts their excuse made
in the matter laid to their charge. Sir John Mason, the
bearer hereof, will inform her of all their proceedings, as well
betwixt them and the French as between the Spaniards and
the French, and in what case all matters are now; on the
receipt of her last letter Sir John desired to return straight
to her, yet they required him to remain here until this day;
as did also the Spanish Commissioners, who, when they came
to the penning of our matters on all sides, mistrusted the cavillations of the French, whereof not only they but the writers also
have had good proof. The Spaniards therefore required most
earnestly that Sir John should not depart until that they and
the English were at a more certainty of their said conclusion.
These matters are now at a point to be finished.—Casteau en
Cambresis, 3 April 1559. Signed: W. Howard, Thomas
Ely, N. Wotton. |
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| Orig. Add. Endd. Pp. 2. |
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April 3.
B. M. Calig. B. ix. 203. | 492. Carne to the Queen. |
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| Although revoked by her he could neither get access to the
Pope or leave to depart. Understanding that the Queen had
revolted from the obedience of that see, the Pope, by Bernardinus, Cardinal of St. Matthew, has commanded the
writer, upon penalty of excommunication, not to depart from
Rome, and has assigned him the government of the Hospital
of the English nation for his maintenance. He perceives that
the French have obtained somewhat of their purpose the
month before, but in what particular he cannot learn.—Rome,
3 April 1559. |
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| Abridged copy. |
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April 3.
R. O. | 493. The Earl of Northumberland to the Privy Council. |
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| The Laird of Lethington being here on his repair to the
Court, (for the better order to be kept on the Borders) desired
that the writer would meet the Lieutenant of Scotland for
the redress of attemptates done during the abstinence; and
for that cause wrote to the Queen Dowager, fixing the meeting
at Lady Kirk, near Norham, on the Tuesday after. This
appointment could not be kept for lack of time. |
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| It was next agreed that their deputies should meet on the
Tuesday before Easter, which they did, but without any
results. |
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| Thursday last was then fixed for the purpose, and the
Lieutenant and the Earl met at Ridingburn. The gentlemen
borderers attended; and for a furtherance of justice, the
Justice Clerk of Scotland also came. When the Earl stated
that the Scottish thieves and rebels had committed many
attemptates upon the English, this they excused by reason
that the Scottish subjects were not dutiful and obedient;
howbeit in words they offered to make redress for all. |
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| They met again at the same place yesterday, but delays were
again made by the Scotch, much otherwise than was before
promised, and nothing in effect could be had of them. The
Justice Clerk was before this, by reason of a sickness that
took him in the field, departed. Are to meet again upon
Tuesday come a seven night, which shall be the 11th inst.
Promises have been made openly on both sides for the observation of peace during the time of the abstinence, and
punishment of offences, if any should happen. |
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| P.S. [mutilated.] Has discharged of garrisons, horsemen,
. . . . footmen, 350; there remain . . . . horsemen and 600
footmen. Great exclamations for want of the pay, but he
has pacified them with promises. Hopes the mass of the
money will be hastened.—Warkworth, 3 April 1559. Signed. |
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| Orig. Add. Endd. Pp. 4. |
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April 3.
R. O. | 494. Croft to the Privy Council. |
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| Has received their letters of 27 March, in which they
require him to abridge the Queen's charges at Berwick. In
his opinion the foot bands are not to be diminished so long
as the works are unfinished. Although when the works now
in hand are completed, a less number of men than those now
required may serve the ordinary guard of the town, yet
until then, things require more care than if the work had
not been begun at all. |
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| Nevertheless to abate the charges; here are two bands of
horsemen, one of 100, late under Lord Evers, and now assigned
to the writer, partly for the amendment of his entertainment;
these may be cassed, reserving a few, being his servants, to
wait upon him, and for his entertainment, it may be reserved
to the Queen's consideration. The other band of 50 is under
Mr. Bowes, Marshal of the town, who being at that time with
their Lordships, they may call him before them, and take
some order with him that in lieu of his horsemen he may
have an augmentation of his diet. Requests to be informed
of their pleasure, that he may take order against the coming
of the money.—Berwick, 3 April 1559. Signed. |
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| Orig. Add. Endd. Pp. 3. |
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April 3.
R. O. | 495. Gresham to Cecil. |
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| By his letter of the 28th ult. he signified the buying of the
rest of the Queen's corrin powder and serpentine powder,
as also of his departure to Brussels, where he has been until
this day. Has obtained the King's passport for the 200
barrels of saltpetre, which he freely granted to the Queen at
the writer's first suit; but the Duke of Savoy and the Council
of Finance made great difficulty for the passing thereof, as he
was informed by the secretary Vander Aa. Informs the
Queen hereof, that she may make the much more of such passports as he has yet remaining, granted by the Queen her late
sister, the like of which will not be granted hereafter. Corriers
are now not to be had for money; those sent to the Queen
hence have cost her 16s. 8d. Flemish the piece, those made in
England cost her 23s. 4d. sterling, which makes 26s. 8d., as
the exchange now goes. |
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| Wishes to know whether he shall ship home the munition
and armour. If the powder and saltpetre should miscarry by
fire, as it is dangerous merchandise, the Queen must bear the
loss. Likewise as three ships of war of the Scots are yet
remaining in Zealand, the Queen should send three or four of
her best ships of war that are abroad "for the sewre waiftinge
of this monnyssione and armewr." Here are no English ships,
but Dutch hoyes, wherein he must lade all the gear, as he has
hitherto done, but then he had the Queen's ships "to wayfte
them." |
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| The particulars of the peace not yet known. Is coming
home very shortly to report to the Queen all his proceedings.
Sir Wm. Pickering has been a little diseased of a fever, but
is well amended. Encloses a letter from Mr. Mownte.—
Antwerp, 3 April 1559. Signed: Thomas Gresham, mercer. |
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| Orig. Hol. Add. Endd.: 3 March (sic) 1559.
Pp. 3. |
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[April 3.]
R. O. | 496. Gresham's Purchases in Flanders. |
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| A note of all such property as I, Thomas Gresham, have
remaining in my hands for the behalf of the Queen, in April
1559. |
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| P. 1. |
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April 5.
R. O. | 497. Mundt to the Queen. |
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| Last week, when the Ambassadors of the new Palatine
were come hither to this Diet, he communicated with them,
then with the Commissioners of the Elector of Saxony
(Augustus), of Johannis Frederici (son to Johannes
Fredericus), of the Duke of Wirtemburg, and of the Landgrave, with each apart, to the effect that the Queen desires
especially to preserve amity with those Princes and Estates of
the Empire that maintain and possess the true and right
religion, and that for this purpose she has commissioned him
to repair to the Diet. |
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| They answered him, after one sort, that this message would
be acceptable to their masters, "not doubting that Your
Majesty will restore true religion and God's glory again." |
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| In the Diet, the article of religion is now in hand, and the
treaties which have been among the collocutors at Worms are
now here examined and debated. The Protestants have
laboured by the Emperor that this article be first taken in
hand, and it seemeth that they will grant nothing until this
article be moderated. They require that it shall be free to
all them that will profess the Gospel; and that the Bishops
or other shall not punish any man therefor, showing and
using himself besides honestly and obediently. To this the
Bishops will agree in no way, and on their side is the Duke
of Bavaria and all other prelates and abbots. The Emperor
suffers that his men, those that will, may communicate sub
utraque specie, and many of his household and guard have
communicated this "Oestern" in the Protestant churches, and
come to their sermons daily.—Augsburg, 5 April 1559.
Signed. |
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| Orig. Hol., with armorial seal. Add. Endd. Pp. 3. |
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April 5.
R. O. | 498. Mundt to Cecil. |
|---|
| Writes at this time to the Queen of his proceedings here in
her name, to such Princes' ambassadors as he judges to be
her friends. Hopes that his proceedings may please her, and
be profitable to setting forth God's glory. Wishes (as he has
done in his letters of 25 Jan. and 15 March) that a certain
mandatum were given him, so that if he did transgress fines
mandati he should be reum culpœ. Prays to be commended
to Sir Anthony Coke. |
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| Of the conditions of the peace made, item, of the proceedings in matters of religion in the Parliament in England, he
is of honest men daily asked, but hereof he can make no
answer.—Augusta, 5 April 1559. Signed. |
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| Orig. Hol., with armorial seal. Add. Endd. Pp. 2. |
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April 5.
R. O. | 499. The English Commissioners at Cateau Cambresis to
the Privy Council. |
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| The treaties between us, France and Scotland, were
thoroughly concluded and partly signed on the evening of
the 2nd inst., and fully signed, sealed, and delivered on the
3rd. All are dated on the 2nd. |
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| It is provided therein that the peace with France shall be
proclaimed at London and Paris within 10 days (by the 12th
inst.) and at places by the sea coast as soon as may be, and
that the peace with Scotland shall be proclaimed upon the
borders within thirty days. Sir John Mason has been advertised of this by his servants, but for security they repeat it. |
|---|
| On the 3rd, when the treaties on all sides were completed,
they went all together to the parish church in Casteau Cambresis, with the Duchess of Lorraine and her son, the Duke,
where proclamation was immediately made of the same, and
Te Deum and Mass sung. They are now on their way homeward; but forasmuch as the Lord Chamberlain is sick of an
ague tertian, (which took him on the 31st March and on
Tuesday the 4th inst. troubled him with the third fit,) they
cannot be so soon at home as they desired.—Cambray,
5 April, in the morning. Signed: W. Howard, Thomas Ely,
N. Wotton. |
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| Orig. Add. Endd. Pp. 2. |
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April 5.
R. O. | 500. The Earl of Northumberland to the Privy Council. |
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| Understanding by his brother and Sir Richard Lee the
coming hither of my Lord of Bedford, he spares his coming
to the Court that he may attend upon his Lordship here,
"making and declaring unto his Lordship by view and sight
of certain those things here more perfectness than otherwise
in any other place can be done." Advises that my Lord of
Bedford have charge to view generally the state of these
frontiers.—Warkworth, 5 April 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. Endd. Pp. 2. |
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April 5.
B. M. Galba, B. xi. 224. | 501. Expedition to Holstein. |
|---|
| "A brief discourse or sum of W. Erle's expedition and
voyage into the land of Holst, to certain of the Queen's most
honourable Privy Council, 5th April 1559." |
|---|
| The Duke of Holst having written to Queen Mary to the
effect that he desired that her subjects (who are now excluded
from the traffic of the Steedes or Hanse towns) should trade
with his country, she answered that she intended shortly to
send some man to view the aptness of his havens. Hereupon the merchants, to open the trade, appointed the writer
to bring both cloths and the Queen's second letter, which
was well received by the Duke, but the project was hindered
by the envy of his subjects at the instigation of the Hanse.
The Chancellor having brought with him a letter from the
Duke, the matter was debated between them, during which
Erle admitted that the havens and country were meet, and
that the cloths were not sold was occasioned by the iniquity
of the time; but he promised that the English would bring
meeter sorts, as the Duke most earnestly required and promised sale thereof. Thought that the Duke himself, and not
the Queen, should write to his neighbours to resort thither
for trade, as the benefit would be his own. Judges that
Husone on the West Sea was the meetest haven, and Sleswyk
on the East Sea, or Belt, so be it he would clear the deep that
is destroyed at the entry, otherwise Flensburg were better. |
|---|
| The Duke thought the Queen should forbid all trade into
Holland and the places between his country and that, so
should the haunt and traffic be greater; but Erle thought this
would not be, for she would not bind her subjects to an inconveniency. |
|---|
| The Duke next declared that he would make the English
free throughout his countries, so as to pay no custom either in
or out, requiring that his subjects might enjoy like freedom of
custom; but Erle thought that this could not be brought to
pass, for the desert was not equal. |
|---|
| This was the sum of the writer's conclusion, the Duke promising to send his Ambassador thither. |
|---|
| Endd.: A discourse of W. Erle touching Holst, delivered
to Mr. Secretary Cecil. Slightly injured by fire. Pp. 6. |
|---|
April 6.
R. O. | 502. The Queen to Dorothy, Queen of Denmark. |
|---|
| Has received her letters, dated 15th Jan., and thanks her
for her affectionate congratulations. As to the proposed treaty
between Elizabeth and the children of the Queen of Denmark,
since it tends to the advancement of the religion which they
mutually profess and of God's service, she gives the present
letters, witnesses of her good will in the same, to the bearer
Johannes Spithovius (Dorothy's messenger, and Elizabeth's
servant), who will further inform her verbally of such matters
as he had been previously instructed by Dorothy to express
in like manner to the writer. Thanks her for her kindness
to the said Johannes, in a country which was certainly in a
wretched condition.—6 April 1559. |
|---|
| Draft, corrected and endd. by Cecil. Add.: Dominæ
Dorothæ, Daniæ, Norwegiæ Reginæ, jam viduæ. Lat. Pp. 3. |
|---|
April 6.
R. O. 171 B. | 503. Another copy of the above. Modern transcript. |
|---|
April 6.
B. M. Sloane, 4734. 157. Calder. 1. 431. | 504. Knox to Anna Lock. |
|---|
| Received at Dieppe on 17th March her letter, dated at
Geneva, 7th Feb. Apologizes for his negligence in writing.
His remembrance of her is not yet dead, though it be
renewed by no outward token for one year. Of nature he is
churlish and in conditions different from many; yet one
thing he is not ashamed to affirm, that familiarity once
throughly contracted was never broken by his default.
Corporal absence of one year or two from him cannot quench
in his heart that familiar acquaintance in Jesus Christ which
half a year did engender and almost two years did nourish and
confirm. Whether he writes or not she may be persuaded
that he has her in such memory as it becomes the faithful to
have the faithful. |
|---|
| In answering her questions he knows he will be judged
extreme and rigorous, but it is no time to flatter nor dissemble. Our Master calls His own to depart from Babylon,
and severely threateneth death and damnation to such as
have the mark of the Beast. "And a portion of his mark are
all these dregs of papistry which are left in your great book
of England, any jot of which I will never counsel any man
to use. One iota, I say, of these diabolical inventions, viz.,
crossing in baptism, kneeling at the Lord's Table, mummulling and singing of the Litany, a fulgure et tempestate, a
subitanea et improvisa morte. The whole order of the
book appeareth rather to be devised for the upholding of
massing priests than for any good instruction which the
simple people can thereof receive. Your Sacraments were
ministered, by the most part, without the soul, and by those
who, to Jesus Christ, were no true ministers; and God grant
that so yet they be not. Without the soul, I say, they were
ministered, because they were ministered without the Word
truly and openly preached; and your ministers before, for the
most part, were none of Christ's ministers, but mass-mongering
priests. They were newly-created singers or sayers of matins,
evensong, and of communion; to church or to purify women,
and to bury the dead with 'commendo cinerem cineri,' &c.,
whereof no point I find enjoined to Christ's ministers, but
only to preach Christ Jesus crucified, and to minister the
Sacraments in such simplicity as from Him they had received
them. Yea, so bound to preach did the Apostle confess himself, that he would not acknowledge himself to be sent to
baptize; affirming thereby that the chiefest office of Christ's
ministers is to preach the glad tidings of the Kingdom,
repentance and remission of sins, the seals whereof be the
Sacraments; and the true ministers of them be only those
that be appointed to preach, and also do preach Christ Jesus,
and the benefits of his death. But such were not your ministers, for the most part; for the first entry to their ministry
was, to offer Christ Jesus for the sins of the quick and the
dead, and in that same purpose, as time hath declared, did no
small number remain. And yet, I think, that Mr. Parson and
Mr. Vicar shall cause his chaplain mummill the Communion,
&c. I appear to jest with you." |
|---|
| She having asked of him, whether it were lawful to
accompany these children, at the request of their friends,
to the "kirk," who shall be baptized after the manner
accustomed in the days of King Edward; and whether
the Lord's Supper be truly ministered, if the receivers be
suffered to sit or to stand, and the bread being such as is
commonly used, notwithstanding of the singing of the Ten
Commandments out of tune, and the singing of the Creed,
&c., and whether we may be partakers in that supper or
no? To these, her questions, he answers thus, "with Mr.
Parson's pattering of his constrained prayers, and with
the mass-mongering of Mr. Vicar and of his wicked companions" . . . . . . . (fn. 1) Where Christ is not preached the Sacraments have neither life or soul; and further, none can be
a lawful minister of Christ's Sacrament who is not first a
minister of His blessed Word. Whether she, with a good
conscience, can communicate with that which in effect is no
Sacrament, and honour him as Christ's minister, who is but
a bastard, yea, Christ's plain enemy, she may judge herself. |
|---|
| Knows that she and others will find this his judgment
extreme, but he will be guiltless of their blood. Holds and
affirms all things polluted, yea, execrable and accursed, which
God by His Word has not sanctified in His religion. |
|---|
| April 6. | Will salute no man in commendation specially, for his
First Blast has blown from him all his friends in England.
His conscience bears record that yet he is in the favour of
God. Fears the Second Blast shall sound somewhat more
sharp, except that men be more moderate than he hears
they are. Understands his book is to be written against;
fears that men shall rather destroy than edify by such
enterprises. "England hath refused me, but because before
it did refuse Christ Jesus, the less do I regard the loss of
that familiarity. God grant that their ingratitude be not
punished with severity, and that ere that they be aware."—
Dieppe, 6 April 1559. |
|---|
April 7.
B.M. Harl. 353. 165 b. | 505. Proceedings of Privy Council. |
|---|
| Westminster, 7th April 1559.—Present: the Lord Great
Seal, the Earl of Pembroke; the Lord Admiral; Mr. Treasurer,
Mr. Comptroller, Mr. Vice-Chamberlain; Mr. Cave, Mr.
Sackeville. |
|---|
| A letter to the Earl of Northumberland signifying the
conclusion of the peace; the Council, therefore, required him
to give order that none serving under him do annoy the
Scotch, but use them as friends. Nevertheless, he is willed to
stay the publishing of this proclamation until he shall further
understand from the Queen. |
|---|
| A like letter to Sir James Crofts, captain of Berwick, &c. |
|---|
April 7.
R. O. 27 V. 115. | 506. Another copy of the same. Modern transcript. |
|---|
April 7.
R. O. 27 VI. 69. | 507. Another copy of the same. Modern transcript. |
|---|
April 8.
B. M. Harl. 353. 166 b. | 508. Proceedings of Privy Council. |
|---|
| Westminster, 8th April 1559.—Present: the Lord Great
Seal, the Lord Treasurer; the Earls of Shrewsbury and Pembroke; the Lord Admiral; Mr. Comptroller, Mr. Vice-Chamberlain, Mr. Secretary; Mr. Mason, Mr. Cave, Mr. Sackevill. |
|---|
| A letter to the Mayor of London, with a proclamation
declaring the peace concluded between the Queen, the French
King, and the Scots, which he is willed to cause to be proclaimed in such places within the city and in such decent
manner as has been accustomed. |
|---|
| A like letter, with another proclamation of the peace, to the
Lord President of Wales. |
|---|
April 8.
R. O. 27 V. 117. | 509. Another copy of the same. Modern transcript. |
|---|
R. O.
27 VI. 72. | 510. Another copy of the same. Modern transcript. |
|---|
April 8.
B. M. Add. 5756. 121. | 511. Proclamation of Peace. |
|---|
| Allowance to Richard Jugge and John [Caw]ode, printers
to the Queen, for printing "300 proclamations declaring the
peace taken between the Queen and the French King, &c.,
delivered 8th April 1559, 20s." |
|---|
| P. 1. |
|---|
April 9.
R. O. | 512. The Queen to Croftes. |
|---|
| Peace having been concluded on the 2nd inst., between her
and the realms of France and Scotland (as by a proclamation
which she sends herewith more fully appears) he shall, upon
understanding on what day peace shall be proclaimed in
Scotland (which he may do by conference with Signor de
Betincourt, Master of the Household of the Queen Regent of
Scotland, who will pass by him or the Earl of Northumberland
on his way out of France into Scotland) cause the proclamation to be made the same day at Berwick. |
|---|
| Understanding by his letters to her Council that he had
determined to cass certain numbers of horsemen serving under
him at Berwick for the abridging of her charges, in so doing
she thinks he will do well. Money shall shortly be sent for
their payment. |
|---|
| He having stayed from execution a robber who had confessed his crime in hope of life, she is pleased therewith; let
his pardon be sued out in due form, and let the rest be
proceeded with according to the order of the laws. |
|---|
| Draft. Endd.: 1559, 9 Aprilis, Minute from the Queen
to Sir James Croftes, with the proclamation of the peace.
Pp.4. |
|---|
April 10.
R. O. | 513. Instructions for Gresham. |
|---|
| "Instructions given by the Queen, the [blank] day of April,
1 Eliz., to Thomas Gresham, her agent in the parts beyond
the seas, presently sent thither for the things following:"— |
|---|
| 1. Returning to Antwerp he shall "put over" for three
or six months all sums of money due next May to the
merchants there, upon the like interest as before. If he
cannot do this, with preservation of her credit, then he shall
"take up" the necessary amount. He has already "put over"
a great part of the sums due by the late Queen. |
|---|
| 2. If the price of munition and armour, such as have been
by him purchased for the Queen, now after the peace become
more reasonable, he shall endeavour to have some reasonable
bargain for the same quantity, or for the half thereof, remaining upon a licence granted to the late Queen; and shall use
his best policy to send over such munition and armour as is
already provided. |
|---|
| 3. [He shall prove some bargain in secresy for buying of
some bullion to be brought hither.] (fn. 2) |
|---|
| Copy, corrected by Cecil. Endd.: 10 April 1559. Pp. 3. |
|---|
April 10.
Harl. 7004. 1. Knox, 11. 16. Calderwood, 1. 434. | 514. Knox to Cecil |
|---|
| Wishes him the Spirit of wisdom, judgment, and sanctification by Jesus Christ. Will not trouble him with long
writing, nor labour to conciliate his favour, which he supposes
he has already, howsoever rumours bruit the contrary. His
letter will be absolved in two points. |
|---|
| (1.) He wishes to discharge his conscience towards Cecil,
who, having received all that he has from God, ought to employ the same for the advancement of His glory. This, alas!
in times past he [Cecil] has not done, but being overcome
with common iniquity, has followed the world in the way of
perdition; for, to the suppressing of Christ's true Evangel, to
the erecting of idolatry, and to the shedding of the blood
of God's dear children, he has, by silence, consented and
subscribed. This his horrible defection from the truth
known and once possessed, God has to this day mercifully
spared; yea, to man's judgment He has utterly forgotten and
pardoned the same. He has not treated him as He has done
others of like knowledge; whom, in His anger, He did most
justly strike after their defection. But him, guilty in the
same offences, He has fostered and preserved, as it were in
His own bosom, during the time of that most miserable thraldom [of that professed enemy of God, mischievous Mary;] (fn. 3)
and now has set him at such liberty as the fury of God's
enemies cannot hurt him. As the benefit which he has received is great, so God's justice requires of him a thankful
heart; for, seeing that His mercy has spared him, a traitor to
God's Majesty; seeing further, that among his enemies He
has preserved him; and lastly, seeing, although worthy of
hell, He has promoted him to honours and dignity, of him
must He require earnest repentance for his former defection,
a heart mindful of His merciful providence, and a will ready
to advance His glory. Carnal wisdom and worldly policy (to
which he is bruited to be much inclined) should give place
to God's simple and naked truth. Very love compels the
writer to say that, except the Spirit of God purges his [Cecil's]
heart from that venom, he shall not long escape the reward of
dissemblers. Let him call to mind what he heard proclaimed
in the chapel of St. James's, when this verse of the First Psalm
was entreated, "Not so, O wicked, not so." Let him consider
that he now travels in the same way which they then did
occupy. Plainly to speak, now is he in that estate and credit
in which he shall either comfort the sorrowful and afflicted
for righteousness' sake, or shall oppugn the Spirit of God
speaking in His messengers. The troublers of God's servants
are threatened to have their names in execration to the
posterities following. "And this is the conclusion of that
which to yourself I say:—Except that in the cause of Christ's
Evangel ye be found simple, sincere, fervent, and unfeigned,
ye shall taste of the same cup which politic heads have
drunken in before you." |
|---|
| (2.) As regards himself: by diverse messengers he has
requested such privileges as Turks commonly grant to men of
every nation; that is, peaceably to travel through England,
that he might with greater expedition repair to his own
country, which now begins to thirst for Christ's truth. Understands that this request has been so rejected that the
solicitors thereof hardly escaped imprisonment. Some of
his flock are so extremely handled that those who have most
cruelly shed the blood of God's most dear children find greater
favours than they do. If any who have suffered exile in these
most dolorous days of persecution, deserve praise for peace,
concord, sober and quiet living, it is they. As for himself, he
has a good conscience that since his first acquaintance with
England willingly he never offended person within it, excepting "in open chair" to reprove what God condemned. |
|---|
| But Cecil will say that he has written a treasonable book
against the Regiment of Women. If this be his offence the
poor flock is innocent, for none of that company did he consult before the finishing of the same. It will be hard to prove
that book treasonable. No more doubts the truth of his principal proposition than he doubts the voice of God. If his book
is written against, fears that flatterers shall rather hurt than
help the matter. Except his error be plainly confuted by
better authority than by such laws as from year to year may
and do change, he dares not promise silence in so weighty a
business. Is no enemy to the person nor yet to the regiment
of her whom God has now promoted. God comforts His
afflicted by an infirm vessel. If Queen Elizabeth shall
confess that the extraordinary dispensation of God's mercy
makes that lawful in her which both nature and God's Law
deny to all women, none in England shall be more willing
to maintain her authority than himself; but if she grounds
her title upon the customs, laws, or ordinances of men, then
he is assured that, as such foolish presumption highly offends
God's Majesty, so does he greatly fear that her ingratitude
shall not long lack punishment. This, in the name of the
Eternal God and of His Son Jesus Christ, he requires him to
signify to her in his [Knox's] name; adding, that only humility
and dejection of herself before God shall be the firmity and
stability of her throne, which he knows shall be assaulted
more ways than one. Is his offence (though he had written
ten books) so heinous that he cannot have licence to preach
of Jesus Christ to refresh those thirsty souls that long have
lacked the water of life? Will accuse no man; but greatly
fears that the leprous have no pleasure to behold their faces
in the clear glass. Does not require to frequent the Court,
nor yet for any continuance in England, but only in passing
to his own country to communicate with him and some others
such things as willingly he lists not to commit to paper, nor
yet to the knowledge and credit of many; and then in the
north parts to offer God's favours to such as mourn for their
former defection. This is the third time that he has begged
licence to visit the hungry and thirsty in England.—Dyepe,
[Dieppe] 10 April 1559. |
|---|
| P. S.—"Suspecting (fn. 4) the former messenger to have protracted time in this journey, I have doubled my letters by this
gentleman, of whose fidelity I am fully persuaded; desiring
you most affectionately by him to signify unto me if I may
have licence only to visit the poor and dispersed flock at
Berwick, Newcastle, and other parts in the north. I hope in
God that nothing it shall hurt the Commonwealth of England
that such licence be granted unto me."—From Diepe, the 22
April 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Hol. Add. Endd. Pp. 4. |
|---|
[April 10.]
B. M. Sloane 4734. 158. | 515. Another copy of the above. |
|---|
[April 10.]
B. M. Sloane 4737. 91 b. | 516. Abstract of the above. |
|---|