|
June 2. R.O. | 813. The Queen's Marriage. |
| Gasper, Baron of Ravenstayn, the narrator, arrived in
London 26 May, and having asked for an interview through
Thomas Challoner it was granted on the 28th. He told the
Queen that his master, the Emperor, having already perceived
by her two letters and by the message sent by George Count
Von Helfenstein her good will towards himself and his house,
and desiring that the same might be confirmed by marriage,
had proposed to offer her one of his sons. Understanding,
however, that Philip, King of Spain, aspired to her hand, the
Emperor had refrained to prosecute his suit, but this difficulty
being removed, he now sends the present messenger to state
that the Emperor now recommends the Archduke Charles in
preference to his brother Ferdinand. |
| The Baron then asked the Queen to express her sentiments
regarding the marriage. She answered in such terms as that
he could understand no more than that she had so far
determined that she would not marry. Although he believed
her perfectly sincere yet he was persuaded that out of regard
to the public good she would be urged ere long to depart
from this her present resolution. He requested permission
therefore to discuss the subject of his mission with the Lords
of the Council. This she granted him, and appointed certain
persons for the purpose. The answer, however, given to
them by her was nearly identical with the former. As for
the proposed embassy the Emperor might send it if he
pleased; he would have no cause to regret it if he did. But
as for marriage she had arrived at no decision save this, that
she would never marry one with whom she had not previously
been well acquainted. |
| He asked her to write to the Emperor to the effect that he
had faithfully discharged his mission. |
| Endd. by Cecil: 2 Junii 1559. Summa legationis
Gasparis Baronis de Ravenstayn. Lat. Pp. 4. |
June 2. R.O. | 814. The Queen's Marriage. |
| Inquiries to be made of Mundt respecting the age, stature,
height, fatness, strength, complexion, nature, conditions,
positions, studies, education, faculties, affections, temper,
judgment in matters of religion, affection to the Protestants,
&c., of some person not named. "Whether he hath been
noted to have loved any woman, and in what sort? Whether
there hath been communication for marriage with him, either
privately or otherwise for any woman? What judgment he
hath in matter of religion? How is he affected to Protestants? What company he most delighteth in? Wherein
doth he spend his time most? How is he disposed in eating
or drinking? What is specially and singularly noted in him
for any property that he hath? [What judgment is of
the second brother?] (fn. 1) What judgment hath the Protestants of him? What estate keepeth he? What numbers
about him, and to what is he most addicted? What assignations of 'livelode' hath he? How many children hath the
eldest? How loveth he the youngest? What judgment is
had of the second? How loveth he the youngest? What is
the opinion there of this matter? Who liketh it, and who
misliketh it? What hope is there to attain it or not? What
valour or credit is this Baron of? Who be named to com
embassade? What is said shall be given unto him if this
suit might be obtained?" |
| Hol. Draft by Cecil. Endd. by him: 2 Junii, to Christofer
Mont, 1559. Pp. 2. |
June 2. R.O. | 815. Diet of Augsburg. |
| Eight conditions without which the Protestants refuse to
consent to the Council proposed to them at the Diet of
Augsburg.—2 June 1559. |
| Endd.: Protestationes Protestantium contra futurum
Concilium. Lat. Pp. 2. |
June 2. R.O. | 816. Another copy of the above.
Pp. 2. |
June 5. R.O. | 817. The Queen to the Emperor Ferdinand. |
| Has received his letters dated Vienna, 8 May last, delivered
by Casper Preyner, free Baron in Stibing, Fladnitz, and
Rabenstein, whose credence she has heard, and who still
remains in this country. Acknowledges the honour of the
proposed alliance, but has no intention of abandoning the
single life. Her age and position may possibly make this
appear strange, but it is no new or suddenly formed resolution on her part. There were times when marriage (and it
would have been an honourable one) would have rescued her
from great griefs and dangers (on which, however, she will
not expatiate) but she could not be moved thereto either by
the apprehension of peril nor the desire of liberty. So much
for the past; God will direct the future; she will act for the
good of her realm. |
| His Ambassador has done his mission well. She will
always regard with special esteem the noble house of Austria.
—Westminster 5 June (fn. 2) 1559. Signed: Elizabeth R.,—
R. Aschamus. A few passages cancelled. |
| Orig. Add. Endd. by Cecil: 5 Junii 1559. Litteræ ad
Ferdinandum imperatorum missæ per famulam Baro[nis] de
Ravenstayn. Lat. Pp. 4. |
June 5. B. M. Reg. 13 B. 1, 16. | 818. Another copy of the above.
Letterbook. |
June 5. B. M. Sloane, 4144. 118. | 819. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
June 5. R. O. 171 B. | 820. Another copy of the above.
Modern transcript. |
June 5. R.O. | 821. The Earl of Northumberland to Cecil. |
| Has not as yet proceeded so far in the commission touching
the peace that he can make any declaration thereof. The
business between the Queen Dowager and the Commons of
her realm is now pacified, for the Lords and Commons that
kept S. Johnstone have departed home, every man to his
own, and the Queen enters the town in two or three days
after. They are contented to rest quiet until the Parliament,
where the establishment of the religion shall be determined. |
| He and his colleagues met the Scottish Commissioners on
31 May at our Lady Kirk over against Norham, where they
perused each others commissions. Next day the Scots
proposed that all Scottish men might have free passage
through England without passports, "which we in no wise
mind to condescend unto." They also would have a dike
plucked down which was made in these last wars in Berwick
bounds for the safeguard of the castle, which the English
Commissioners deny. They are to meet again on Tuesday. |
| They were ready to meet the Scottish Commissioners on
the first day on the bounders that are in the mid-stream,
but they claimed customs and caused the messengers to go to
and fro so often that they forced the English Commissioners
to come over the water into Scottish ground, or else would
not have met at all. My Lord of Durham and all ancient
borderers thought they did us much wrong. The business
will apparently occupy fourteen days yet.—Berwick, 5 June
1559. Signed.
Orig. Add. Endd.: Delivered at Berwick 5 June at
8 of the clock in the forenoon. Received at Alnwick the
6 day at 4 of the clock in the forenoon. Received at
Newcastle the 6 of June at noon. Received at W . . be
the 8 day of June at 1 of the clock afternoon. Received at
Tuxforthe the 9 day at 6 of the clock afore noon. Pp. 3. |
June 5. R. O. | 822. Sir J. Croft to Cecil. |
| The Regent of Scotland sent forth the Duke towards S.
John's Town, where Knoxe and others did preach, which
town was also manned for defence, "having thereof charge
the Earl of Glencarn, accompanied with other gentlemen, and
of that faction also many of the nobility ready to give assistance." When the Duke was come near the town, many of
his company being of the same opinion as those in the town.
the Earl of Argyll (one of the principal of the contrary faction
and nephew to the Duke,) procured a conference; they fell to
communication, and the matter ended as follows:—All who
came to the assembly and to assist the preachers, as well as
the preachers themselves, shall return home in safety, and all
things in question shall be determined at a Parliament to be
assembled for that purpose.—Berwick, 5 June 1559. Signed. |
| Orig. Add. Endd.: Delivered at Berwick 5 June, at 6
of the clock in the morning. Received at Tuxforth the 9, at
6 of the clock afore noon. Pp. 2. |
June 6. R.O. | 823. Throckmorton to Cecil. |
| 1. Since sending his last has learnt by one who has repaired
hither out of King Philip's Court, that the news he [Throkmorton] wrote touching the preparation by the Emperor and
the States of Germany for the recovery of Metz and its reuniting to the Empire is certain, and that they have levied
30,000 men, and have already sent the Cardinal of Augusta,
with a duke, a marquis, and a bishop to summon the town,
and to denounce war if it be not yielded. |
| 2. The news touching Scotland are come to the Court,
whereupon it is said that the King minds forthwith (under
colour to suppress the Protestant preachers,) to send thither a
number of men. |
| 3. There is an uncertain bruit that the King of Navarre and
the Earl of Arran will be at the great triumph. It is discoursed here that all sects of religion (as they call it) shall be
utterly subverted, and that the French King minds to use all
extremity against the Protestants immediately after the
triumph. It will not be amiss to do the Protestants in Scotland to understand that there is meant utter destruction to
their houses, that they may provide for the worst and make
themselves strong. |
| June 6. | 4. M. de Villebonne is Governor in Normandy in place of
M. de Langaye, who is dead. The Turk's son prospers against
his father, and is gone for reinforcing himself into Carnia,
which is wholly at his devotion; this is a happy turn for
Christendom, for thereby the Turk is disappointed from the
invasion of Austria, which he meant to make this year. The
writer is removed further from the Court to a lodging in the
University. |
| 5. A Frenchman, who is great with all the secretaries in
the Court, has offered his services, who in Queen Mary's time
made the same overture to Mr. Wotton, and for want of
entertainment gave over his purpose. He says, that had he
been entertained when he offered, he could have saved Calais.
He demands fifty crowns a month, and is yet in good mind
to do service. As he makes mention of nothing hitherto but
in generalities, would like to know the Queen's pleasure
herein. |
| 6. The Queen of Scots removes this day out of this town
but not to the Court; she minds to return in two days, and
not come to the Court till the King's return. |
| 7. It is said that the Duke of Florence's son shall marry
the same daughter of Portugal which King Philip should have
had before he married Queen Mary.—Paris, 2 June 1559. |
| 8. P.S.—Since writing the above has learnt that there
comes to reside at the Court from King Philip, M. de Chantonay, the Bishop of Arras' brother; with whom as he may
chance sometimes to be at assemblies, desires to know how he
shall behave for his place, and whether he shall look to take
the upper hand of him or not. |
| 9. M. d'Anville, the Constable's second son, who was sent
with the order of France to King Philip, is returned';
having received there four jennets and a chain of 800 crowns. |
| 10. Certain Siennese from Montalcino, are come as Ambassadors from Sienna, who are gone to Equan to desire the
French King to take them into his protection, or recommend
them to King Philip's protection, as they will rather kill
themselves than come under the Duke of Florence's rule. |
| 11. The artillery of St. Quintin's, Ham, and Castelet, and
other parts to be restored, is retired to Cambray, and the said
places are in readiness to be surrendered. |
| 12. There come hither first the Dukes of Alva and D'Arcus,
the Prince of Orange and Count Egmont, who remain as
hostages, till the affiancing of the Daughter of France and certain other things contained in the treaty are performed. Ruigomez comes shortly after them, to bring the King of Spain's
wife a present of jewels, which cost 133,000 ducats, and after
him comes the Count of Feria to bring her into Spain, whither
it is said King Philip goes by sea, embarking in Zealand in
August next. He has given the Cardinal of Lorraine at this
time in reward plate worth 15,000 crowns and a jewel worth
8,000 crowns. |
| June 6. | 13. There is a truce taken for three years between the
Emperor and the Turk, which was offered by the Turk. The
Constable keeps his bed by reason of a humour which is fallen
into his foot, which is supposed to be some spice of the gout. |
| 14. The King has borrowed 1,100,000 crowns to defray the
setting out of these triumphs and the entertainment of the
Princes which come hither. |
| 15. Prays (fn. 3) Cecil to augment his opinion to perfect a new
substantial league between the Queen and King Philip. The
Bishop of Arras is his greatest high councillor and has the
principal management in all his affairs at present; he is in
no good grace with the French. |
| 16. "And since God doth serve Himself by you in a place
of credit at this time in England, and by the Bishop of Arras
in the greatest Christian Princes' Council, I doubt not but
either of you will conceive that it is meet you should be in
good grace the one with the other; yea, if it be lawful in
particularity, so far forth as the service of Her Majesty may
thereby be better advanced." |
| 17. Hears that the Duke of Savoy goes hence into Flanders,
and from thence to Lyons, and so to Milan and Vercell,
whence, coming through his own country, he meets his wife
at Chambery. It is not to be believed what great poverty
and extremity this Prince and his country were in at the
making of this peace. Signed. |
| Orig. Add. Endd. by Cecil: 6 June 1559. Pp. 5. |
June 7. R. O. | 824. Mundt to the Queen. |
| Here all [things] go "schlawfullie" [slowly] forward. The
Protestants stand stiff for the maintenance of their religion;
and will not consent to a Council except it be general, free,
Christian, and held in Germany, concerning which they have
yesterday given a libell to the Emperor. Catholici refer this
whole controversy to a Council holden after the papistical and
accustomed manner, and are now bolder and stubborner in
their opinions than heretofore, knowing that both Kings and
the Emperor are on their side. It is feared the Pope (notwithstanding protestations and exceptions made) will condemn
the Protestants, tanquam inobedientes, contumaces et hœreticos. The Emperor and his adherents in Germany are not
able to do the execution, and foreign aid will turn in the end
to his own confusion. The Estates of all parts are "not lusty"
to grant a new tax or impost of monies to the Emperor; there
are owing as yet of old grants, for the fortifications of Hungary, consented to in the time of Charles, more than 600,000
guilders; "such restes" they intend to require shall be
speedily paid. |
| The persons who shall go in the legation into France are as
yet undetermined. The Duchess of Bavaria intercedes with her
father that her husband may tarry at home. The French
King is again building at Metz and has sent 1,500 fresh men
thither. The Prince of Muscovia is returned backward, but
has left præsidia in certain strongholds in Livonia. The
Master of the Deutsche order in Livonia has been with the
King of Poland, whose subject it is feared he will become, as
the Duke of Prussia has done. |
| Has learned that certain noblemen in England treat with
King P[hilip] that the realm be not brought under these
usurped heresies. They have more affection for him than for
the French King. They pray that he [Philip] will assist and
provide for remedy in this case; if he will not, they will seek
remedy by other ways. Cannot learn their names, but knows
the communication not to be feigned. Does not hear certainly
what the men of war do in Saxony. Many think that this
assembly is not only begun against Ditmariam. Duke
Adolphus of Holstein is "nusseld" in the old Emperor's Court,
and has taken the part of these men for the King of Spain
before the peace was made.—Augusta, 7 June 1559. |
| Orig. Hol., slightly torn. Add. Endd. Pp. 3. |
June 7. R. O. | 825. Mundt to Cecil. |
| The Protestants have presented to the Emperor the
conditions and qualities upon which they will consent to a
General Council, of which he will send the effect by the next
post. Hears how Cecil's "neighbour" travailed to make
new Bishops for the establishment of the Church and for the
ecclesiastical discipline by the Inquisition. Wishes that all
who are joined in the true religion would agree in the doctrine,
ceremonies, and ecclesiastical laws. The devil will stir their
adversaries to persecute them. God does not prohibit honest
means to live in peace. Abraham made an agreement with
Abimelich; David did not punish Joab on account of his
homicide, but left the execution of the sentence to his son
Solomon. Wishes that a friendly intelligence were established
between England and the Oesterlings, in consideration that
their ware and merchandises are necessary and commodious
for the realm; by the sea they be good men and well furnished with ships; they are gross merchants, more given to
drink and spend than to occupy and gain. These men might
be more commodious for England than the Helvetians for
France. |
| The Elector Palatine has signified to the Emperor that he
will be shortly here.—Augusta, 7 June 1559. |
| Add. Endd. Orig. Hol., with armorial seal. Pp. 2. |
June 7. R. O. Forbes, 1. 117. | 826. Throckmorton to Cecil. |
| 1. On the 5th inst. M. de Montmorency arrived at the
Court, then at S. Germain's, and made honourable report
of his entertainment in England, and so did the rest of his
train. This day the King is looked for to return to Paris
from the progress. |
| June 7. | 2. There remain at Paris the Cardinal of Lorraine, the King
and Queen Dauphin, and the Duke of Guise, who prepare for
receiving the Duke of Savoy and others from King Philip's
Court. Under colour thereof they have had great consultation
of Scotland, wherein, as yet, they have fallen to no determination. They are in doubt what to do and whom to send
thither, being greatly perplexed with the news brought thence
to the Court on the 22nd ult. Those on whom they deliberate
are the Vidame of Chartres, the Rhinegrave, D'Andelot and
the Marquis de Bœuf, the last of whom is thought the fittest
to be sent into Scotland. In the meantime Anthony, the
courier, is sent with letters by England into Scotland touching
order for the appeasing of the garboil, with advice to the
Queen Dowager to tolerate them for a time till they here
may overcome these great matters here and so take order
accordingly. The said Marquis shall ere long be sent into
Scotland with great furniture of war, before the Queen
Dowager comes thence. They will begin "to set up" 500
men of arms in that country, which he shall take with him. |
| 3. During the French King's absence the Cardinal of Lorraine, the Duke of Guise, and the King Dauphin have used
certain practices for the entertainment of the Englishmen
here and begin to make offers again of new pensions, of which
some were discharged before by their own offer, as the two
Tremaynes. Cannot, by all that he can learn, conceive that
they mind to break with us, at the least these twelve months.
The Constable, (who rules all here as much as ever he did,) by
no means minds to give advice to war, but will do what he
can for the entertainment of the peace as long as he may.
But since all that is like to be done for breaking with us is
to be judged to begin towards Scotland, and therefore to be
grounded upon the King Dauphin, (who is counted to be the
head of all these doings in Scotland,) if the Constable be
brought to grant to a war with us, it is for fear of displeasing
the King Dauphin. A rumour of the death of the Queen
Dowager of Scotland has lately come hither, but the Court
gives no credit to it. |
| 4. "I doubt not but you do consider how much it standeth
the Queen to nourish and entertain the garboyle in Scotland
as much as may be." |
| 5. Those that were appointed to bring the matrimonial
crown to the King Dauphin (viz., the Bishop of Glasgow, the
Prior of S. Andrew's, and the Earls of Argyll and Morton)
have refused to accomplish that journey. |
| 6. Harry Dudley begins to practise again for new credit,
especially with the Cardinal of Lorraine and the Duke of
Guise. He has very good countenance showed and hope of
his desire. |
| 7. At the end of the last wars 200,000 francs were due by
the French King to diverse companies of Scottishmen and but
12,000 paid, whereof they are much offended, and many are
departed out of France, marvellously evil satisfied. |
| June 7. | 8. The Cardinal of Lorraine has been inquisitive to know of
such Englishmen as he has offered to entertain, how many
ships the Queen has in readiness, and whether the same are
laid up in dock at Gillingham, how many are on the narrow
seas, and whether the new great ships are furnished with
tackling and ordnance. |
| 9. Advises that the Ministers in the north be warned to
beware among others of the Lord Seton. |
| 10. Though Knokes the preacher did heretofore unadvisedly
and fondly put his hand to the book, yet since he is now
in Scotland in as great credit as ever man was there with
such as may be able to serve the Queen's turn, it were well
done not to use him otherwise than for the advancement of
her service. |
| 11. If he have occasion to send letters into England by
Antwerp, to whom shall he direct them? To Thomas Gresham,
or to some other? |
| 12. The Rhinegrave has come here and has paid 15,000
crowns for his ransom. |
| 13. The Bishop of Nevers, who had a bishopric of a great
revenue in France and is of a good house, has given up his
see and has gone to Geneva, and the like has been done by
an abbess of a nunnery not far from thence, who, with all
her nuns, have likewise gone to Geneva. |
| 14. The Admiral is sent to meet them who come hither
from King Philip. Instead of Duke D'Arcus (who was to
have come with the Duke of Alva) the Conte de Feria comes.
Their train is marvellously great, for their harbingers demand
room for 1,500 horse. |
| 15. Has received by Cecil's son from Abbeville a letter from
Mr. Wotton, whereby he says that he, being there on his way
homeward, received letters from Cecil to return to Paris, where
he arrived on the 5th inst. in company with a servant of Mr.
Wotton's. Trusts that after these triumphs Cecil will help to
bring his son and the writer home very shortly. |
| 16. Diverse overtures have been made to him by Scottish
men touching the Earl of Arran; has hitherto held them in
suspense, thinking they are set upon these matters by the
King and Queen Dauphin and the Cardinal of Lorraine to
feel him. Must somewhat discipline them further. |
| The King this day arrived here.—Paris, 7 June 1559.
Signed. |
| Orig., partly in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd. Pp. 5. |
June 7. B. M. Sloane, 4134. 272. | 827. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
June 10. R. O. Forbes, 1. 120. | 828. Throckmorton to the Council. |
| 1. Has not written to them since his arrival at this Court.
The fourth hostage comprised in the treaty, M. de Neille, not
being in case to go over, the writer made application respect
ing the same to the Constable, who informed him this day,
that the Vidame of Amiens is appointed the fourth hostage,
a nephew of his own, a man of good estimation and great
revenue, of whom the Lord Chamberlain and Dr. Wotton can
give further information. |
| 2. Solicited with the Constable the suit of a merchant of
London, named Wotton, whose ship was taken on 3 April
(after the treaty), lying upon the road of Jersey, by a merchant
of S. Malos, contrary to the privilege of the island. |
| 3. The Constable shows all tokens of amity, and desires
continuance of peace, which, although it presently appears to
be perfect, yet the worst should be provided for by the
Council making themselves strong at home, so that the
doing thereof may cause these men to execute in deed that
whereof they make so great show in words. |
| 4. On the 9th inst. the Council here sat "very hard" on
matters of finance, whereof they have some lack, notwithstanding the great sums they have already borrowed. They
intend by some other means to fetch as much as they can. |
| 5. A great personage will shortly repair for the Emperor
and the Empire to demand not only Metz but also Toul and
Verdun. If they fall not to a point with the Emperor and
the States of Germany for the restitution of these towns, the
French are like to be displeased. The intentions of the
French are uncertain, but they have sent to Metz, of late,
6,000 crowns. |
| 6. They are much troubled here with the amity between
the Queen and Ferdinando, Duke of Austria, whereupon it is
discoursed that if the French mind any practice indirectly
for our annoyance, by means of this great alliance, which
(they here do marvellously mislike,) they will be frustrate of
their purpose altogether. |
| 7. King Philip has given the Conte Rhinegrave in reward,
20,000 crowns. |
| 8. The Duke of Alva and the other Spanish Commissioners
are looked for here within four or five days. Great preparations are made for them at Chantilly and Equan, two houses
of the Constable's. "Here the King himself, the King
Dauphin, and the noblemen and gentlemen of the Court do
daily assay themselves at the tilt, to be the more ready and
perfect to honour the feast of the marriages, which is like
to be very grand and sumptuous, with great triumph and
solemnity." |
| 9. On Monday, 12th inst., the Duke of Buillon shall be
married to the Duke of Montpensier's daughter. |
| 10. Requests to be recalled, according to the Queen's promise at his departure. Things are dear here.—Paris, 10 June
1559. Signed. |
| Orig., with armorial seal. Add. Endd. by Cecil. Pp. 4. |
June 10. B. M. Sloane, 4134. 281. | 829. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
June 10. R. O. Forbes, 1. 123. | 830. Throckmorton to Cecil. |
| On the 8th inst. received his letters of 28 May, by the
escuyer of M. de Montmorency, who offered his good services
and acknowledged the honour and courtesy he received in
England. Cecil having written respecting the supplying of
the fourth hostage by one as good as De Neille, on the 8th,
the writer made application respecting the same, and also
the case of Mr. Wotton, to the Constable. (fn. 4) |
| On the 9th the Council here "sat very hard" upon finance. |
| The talk of Metz is not so hot, as though the men of war
were ready to approach the town. The restitution of Toul
and Verdun shall be demanded. The French have sent to
Metz of late, 6,000 crowns. They are much troubled with
the rumour of the amity between the Queen and Ferdinando,
Duke of Austria. King Philip has given the Conte Rhinegrave
in reward, 20,000 crowns. |
| Hopes (fn. 5) Cecil will not long forbear his son, in whom he
has cause to rejoice, he is so honest and so well stayed. "Mr.
Somer doth take pain with him to make him a Frenchman." |
| After these triumphs the King goes from hence. Hopes
before then to be able to present his successor at Court.—
Paris, 10 June 1559. |
| P. S.—Certain Scottishmen here ask letters to pass through
England into Scotland; many of them are very subtle and
fine practisers; the most to be noted and taken heed to
among the rest, is one called the Lord of Kricky, whose name
is Beton. (fn. 6) Signed. |
| Orig., with armorial seal. Add. Endd. by Cecil. Pp. 4. |
June 10. B. M. Sloane, 4134. 285. | 831. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
June 10. R. O. | 832. D. Lewis to Cecil. |
| Has received his letters with the Frenchman's pardon
enclosed, who had been condemned for robbing and spoiling
of certain Flemings within the Queen's territory and jurisdiction in time of peace with us.—The Arches, 10 June 1559. |
| P. S.—It is against the law and the treaty that in time of
war one enemy shall annoy another within the territory or
jurisdiction of any power that is friendly to both. |
| Orig. Add. Endd. Pp. 2. |