|
July 17.
R.O. Forbes, 1. 162. | 995. The Queen to Throkmorton. |
|---|
| The bearer came from him hither with great speed, arriving
here on the 12, (fn. 1) at 3 of clock in the afternoon. Has heard
his credit and finds very well Throckmorton's careful and
diligent service. Refers him to the bearer for answer to
diverse things, with whom comes Richard Tremayne, one
whom he may use in her service. He may let him resort unto
Geneva (fn. 2) to follow his study and learning. (fn. 3) Touching the
Earl of Arran, as these bearers can declare, she is desirous
that he should be helped from Geneva into this realm or into
Scotland, (fn. 4) as will better appear in a memorial ciphered by
the new last cipher sent from him [Throkmorton]. |
|---|
| Draft, entirely in Cecil's hand, and endd. by him: 17
Julii 1559. Copy of letter from the Queen to Mr. Throkmorton. Void, because Mr. Tremayne goeth not. Many
words and passages underlined for the purpose of being put
into cipher. P. 1. |
|---|
[July 17.]
R.O. | 996. Original of the above letter, as despatched.—Greenwich, 16
July, 1 Eliz. Signed by the Queen. |
|---|
| Orig. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd. Pp. 2. |
|---|
July 17.
R.O. Sloane, 4134. 371. | 997. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
|---|
[July 17.]
R.O. | 998. "A Memorial of Things committed to Killigrew's
Charge." |
|---|
| 1. He shall show the Ambassador all the intelligence given
him of the proceedings in Scotland. |
|---|
| 2. He shall devise the most secret and speedy way to convey the Earl of Arran from Geneva either into this realm, or
to his father, where he shall think himself in most safety. The
said Earl should not come into the possessions of the Emperor,
the King of Spain, the Bishops, Papists, nor others confederate
with the French. It shall nowise appear who he is, in all
his journey, not to his most assured. Because Flanders and
the Bass Countries are dangerous for him, it is thought that
Embden is the best passage. On his arrival in England he
shall continue unknown as he did before, until the Queen's
pleasure is understood. "For his abode until that time may
be many ways devised, as his arrival chanceth. If he come in
by kent away, then may he either come to the embassad . . . (fn. 5) "
He must be informed that the Queen's inclination to help him
is of her princely nature to relieve such noble personages as be
in adversity, upon the experience of her own like trouble; yet
the direction of the whole cause of the preservation of the
Earl is left to the said Earl's own wisdom and consideration.
For the relief of this matter the Ambassador has credit sent
him by Mr. Howard by a bill of Mr. Gresham's for 1,000
crowns. |
|---|
| 3. She allows Portinary's service, the rather because he
served her father. She will allow him 500 crowns pension.
Means to retain Florence Diaceto in her service; considering
his affection in religion and that he minds to travel into Germany, it may be considered if his acquaintance is good with
Johannes Sturmius, or such like as could solicit such an amity
and concord as could be well made and published to the world
amongst all monarchs, princes, states, and commonweals
which are Protestants; and that in those cases his service
might be well bestowed. |
|---|
| 4. The Ambassador himself shall comfort to return home
such Englishmen there as may be serviceable in this, their
native country; such as Horsey, Laighton, Cornwall, Crokkett,
the two Tremaynes, and others of the like sort. Herein
circumspection must be used. |
|---|
| 5. Melven to return into England. |
|---|
| Draft, in Cecil's hol. Pp. 2. |
|---|
July 17.
R.O. Forbes, 1. 163. | 999. Memorial from the Queen to Throckmorton. |
|---|
| The (fn. 6) safe conveying of the Earl of Arran hither, or into
Scotland, seems both profitable and needful. It must be done
secretly, in respect of the subjects of the Emperor, the King
Catholic, and the French. Haste, with discretion, is necessary; and shipping at Embden, in Friesland, is thought more
safe than at Antwerp. |
|---|
| The entertainment of Portynary is very convenient; he
may offer him 500 crowns pension. The entertainment of
Florence Diaceto is not so needful as the others, but the Queen
is content to accept his service and will reward it with some
pension. If he goes to Germany he might solicit Sturmius to
endeavour a common league amongst all Protestants for confession and defence of the common faith. Melvyn, the Scots
man, may be comforted to come hither, to the end that he
offers for service towards Scotland, and so may any Englishmen there who may incline to return for duty's sake. The
bearer will show the state of things in Scotland. Must take
the charge to appoint one for the expedition of Arran from
Geneva. Will shortly receive credit for 500 crowns more. |
|---|
| Draft in Cecil's hol. Portions underlined, to be ciphered.
Endd. by Cecil: 17 July 1559. Memorial to Sir Nicolas
Throkmorton. Pp. 3. |
|---|
[July 17.]
R.O. | 1000. Another copy of the above. Headed: Cipher; from Mr.
Secretary.—18 July 1559.
P. 1. |
|---|
[July 17.]
B.M. Sloane, 4134. 372. | 1001. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
|---|
July 17.
R.O. | 1002. The Queen Dowager of Scotland to [Sir James
Croft?] |
|---|
| Has received his writing from Berwick the 15th inst., desiring that a small number of persons may be licensed by her to
see the demolition of the fort of Aymouth when it is completed.
The report of the gentleman sent by him to Capt. Galliart
would assure him how diligently the workmen were labouring
thereat; of the completion of which she will cause the writer
to be informed in due time, in order that he may view it and
inform his Queen thereof.—Dunbar, 17 July 1559. |
|---|
| Copy. P. 1. |
|---|
July 17.
R.O. | 1003. Kirkcaldy to Cecil. |
|---|
| Upon the sight of Cecil's letter to Sir Harry Percy, and
upon the consideration of Cecil's questions and answers, the
writer repaired with expedition from Norham to Edinburgh,
where, after consultation had, he declared the contents of
his letters to those whom he makes privy in such matters,
which were accepted in very good part, as he may perceive by
their letters. Therefore, if Cecil joins with them in this
common cause of Christ and of the liberty of the country,
all Europe shall know that a league made in the name of
God has other foundation and assurance than pactions made
by man for worldly commodity. At present they dare not
make the matter known to many, for fear of sudden disclosing
the secresy of their purpose; for the Queen Regent already
suspects that there is some intelligence with England in this
case, insomuch that she has spoken openly that there is a
servant sent from the Earl of Northumberland to the Earl of
Argyll and the Prior. Also some of their number are poor,
and corruption by money is feared, but in the end they fear
them not. If these latter were removed from their Council
they would not be much weaker, as the hearts of the whole
barons and commonalty are so bent to this action and so
inflamed against France that if any of the nobility would
decline (of which they see no appearance) they could not
withdraw their friends nor servants from the professing of
Christ and maintaining the liberty of their country. |
|---|
| After the minds of some principals are known, who are
most secret in council, the matter will be proponed to the
whole Council, and then thinks Cecil's assistance shall be
sought by common consent and supplication. Wishes him
now and then to write so friendly as to show his fervent and
unfeigned mind to support them. Wishes the opportunity now
offered were not neglected either by him or them; and for his
own part he takes God to witness that he will diligently set
forth this cause. Asks credence for the bearer.—Edinburgh,
17 July 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. Endd. by Cecil. Pp. 3. |
|---|
July 17.
B. M. Sloane, 4734. Calderw., 1. 498. Knox, 1. 384. Keith, 1. 226. | 1004. Francis II. to the Lord James. |
|---|
| They have greatly marvelled at the troubles which have
happened in these parts and still more that he, in whom they
had an entire confidence, who also has the honour to be so near
[in relationship] to the Queen of Scotland, one, morever, who
had received such favours, should be one of the principal
beginners of these tumults and seditions. Thinks he has been
seduced to commit such a fault, and prays him to take heed
to return to the good way; otherwise he may be well assured
that he [the writer] will cause him and all that have done the
like to feel what they have deserved.—Paris, 17 July 1559. |
|---|
July 17.
R.O. | 1005. "Instructions for Sir Thomas Challoner." |
|---|
| "Instructions given to Sir Thomas Challoner, Knight, sent
by the Queen, to reside as her Ambassador with the King
Catholic in the Low Countries." |
|---|
| 1. On his arrival he shall make means by the Conte de
Feria or the Bishop of Arras, to have an audience, at which
he shall declare her desire to continue the amity between the
realms. "She hath been beholden to him, her good brother,
in the late time of her sister's reign, and is disposed not only
to retain in memory his most brotherly care for her in time
of her troubles, but also to pretermit no convenient mean
whereby she may declare herself desirous to acquit the same." |
|---|
| 2. The Conte de Feria having until recently been resident
in the Queen's Court, there was the less need for her to have
an Ambassador with the King of Spain; but the Count having
now departed from England she sends Sir Thomas to be her
Ambassador there to remain. (fn. 7) |
|---|
| 3. Although the ancient leagues have not been properly
observed by the King by reason of the loss of Calais, yet
"there is no friendship which Her Majesty more alloweth and
embraceth than this." If the King exhibits any disposition
to revive and confirm these ancient leagues, Sir Thomas shall
show himself to be very desirous thereof. He shall so order
himself therein as the same may be furthered rather by such
the King's Councillors which be of the house of Burgundy than
of Spain. If Mons. d'Arras is thereto disposed, he shall be
informed from Her Majesty that there is no Councillor about
the King to whom she gives more credence for the continuance of this amity than to himself. Signed: Cecil. |
|---|
| Copy, with the Queen's signature prefixed. Endd.: 17
July 1559. Instructions for Sir Thomas Chaloner, from
Greenwich, to the King of Spain, being yet in the Low
Countries. Pp. 4. |
|---|
July 17.
B.M. Galba, C. 1. 44. | 1006. Another copy of the above.
Transcribed for Sir R. Cotton. Slightly injured by fire.
Pp. 2. |
|---|
July 17.
R.O. 171 B. | 1007. Another copy of the same.
Modern transcript. |
|---|
July 18.
R.O. | 1008. Cecil's Memoranda. |
|---|
| That the French King is dead. That great offers are made
by the Earl of Argyll and James the Bastard, to tie the
amity with Her Highness. How best to work therein, and the
answer. The Earl of Arran's offer. What is to be in
Fr[ance] for maintenance of the faction. Touching to send
over to King Philip for renewing of the league, and to lie
there. Whether if Calais were had it were better for the
realm, or more chargeable than worth. |
|---|
| A letter to be sent to the Constable, so as to embrace, &c.,
his good will. |
|---|
| Another to the Queen of Navarre, in case her husband have
the government, to embrace her, &c. |
|---|
| A letter of thanks to V. (fn. 8) |
|---|
| If the Dowager of Scotland ask aid, how to answer it. |
|---|
| Earls (fn. 9) of Argile, Rothes, Marshal, Athol, ten Earls. Prior
of S. Andrews, Lord James, Lords Arsken, Ruthven, &c.,
16 Barons, Lord Flemming, Lord Symple. Duke departed
from her to his house. |
|---|
| Endd. by Cecil: 18 July 1559. Mr. Treasurer, Memorial.
Pp. 2. |
|---|
July 18.
R.O. Forbes, 1. 163. | 1009. Throckmorton to the Queen. |
|---|
| Has received her letters of the 11th by Mr. Howard, this
bearer. Thanks her for her acceptance of his service. Considering the state whereunto things are come by this sudden
event, the alteration of Council and Councillors, the change of
directions, and the evil opinion those in rule have of him [the
writer], partly for a conceit of religion and specially because
they judge him a practiser in the matters of the Earl of Arran
and Scotland, he cannot do her such service as he would.
Yet if she have thoroughly resolved (understanding his late
advertisement by Mr. Kyllegrew) that he should remain here,
he will do his utmost for his service. |
|---|
| Since, as well by Mr. Secretary's opinion as by his [the
writer's] own, it is both necessary and expedient that the
Earl of Arran should with speed be retired into Scotland, and
(rather than fail) into England, desires her to send to him Henry
Kyllegrew and Richard Tremayne, to conduct the Earl through
Germany from the place where he now is. No man so fit for
a guide through Germany as the said Tremayne, he having
the High Dutch tongue very well. The Earl should embark
at some of the north-east towns, as Lubeck or Hamburg, or
in East Frieseland, if the Countess of Embden is to be trusted,
whereof he is somewhat suspicious, as the French King in this
last treaty so beneficially comprehended the said Countess.
Does not think it good that such a great personage should
embark in the King of Spain's Low Countries, being for many
purposes of so great importance. |
|---|
| It is no wise safe for her to depend over long in doubtful and
unknown terms upon the King of Spain, but as soon as she
shall discover (what in no wise is to be delayed) that he will
either show himself her enemy, or not her fast friend, then
she should speedily ally herself with some other prince, for
assuredly it is high time. Having understood by Cecil's
letters of 11th July, that the King of Spain did demand the
redelivery of the robes and Order of the Toison, is credibly
informed that, without further declaration, he means to
dissolve his league with her. Thinks it very necessary (as
he sent her word by Kyllegrew) that she should arm to the
sea forthwith; and in case the French ask what she means, as
they likely will, she may answer, she does so because they do
so on this side. As to their pretence to chastise the rebels in
Scotland, it may be answered that as they have broken the
treaty by bearing the arms of England (which is very
notorious) she suspects that they mean something against
England, for the surety whereof she will stand upon her guard.
It is not to be suffered that the French shall vanquish the
Scots that now favour her religion, or that she will suffer any
such number of the French there to land as may hereafter
annoy England. Is credibly informed that the French reckon
with little difficulty to suppress the contrary faction in Scotland, and then to assail England. |
|---|
| Advises her to send some kind letter to comfort the Constable here, the delivery of which may be left to the discretion
of her Ambassador. In case the King of Navarre makes any
alteration here, the Constable will be a principal minister;
otherwise he will retire, for the French King has already
given him to understand that the Cardinal of Lorraine and
the Duke of Guise shall manage his whole affairs. The
French will use all the practices they can to make Stranguyse,
the pirate, wholly theirs, to be an instrument to impeach her;
it would, therefore, be good policy to serve herself by him
covertly, as he [the writer] declared to Killegrew. If the
suspicions of the King of Spain's well meaning towards her are
confirmed, then she should have a good eye to his navy, which,
as she knows, has lately arrived in Flanders, to transport him
into Spain, as is reported.—Paris, 18 July. Signed. |
|---|
July 18.
B.M. Sloane, 4134. 374. | 1010. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
|---|
July 18.
R.O. | 1011. The Constable de Montmorency to the Queen. |
|---|
| Has received her letters by the Sieur de Havart and heard
the gracious message conveyed by him. Asks her to believe
that there is not a gentleman in France better inclined than
himself to do her service.—Paris, 18 July 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. Endd. Fr. Pp. 2. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. | 1012. Mundt to the Queen. |
|---|
| Eight days ago he sent her a writing presented to the
Emperor by the Protestants for the purpose of obtaining
indemnity for such of their clergy as chose to join the
Confession of Augsburg. Since that time the Emperor has
replied that he neither can nor will grant anything which
is against his conscience, and asks that no further application
be made to him in this matter. He takes his stand upon the
resolution lately presented by him to the States, and which he
[Mundt] sent to her on 21st June last. So this article is
suspended. |
|---|
| It has been discovered that the Pope has recently written
to the Emperor by the Cardinal of Augsburg, highly praising
his constancy and piety in upholding the ancient religion,
and exhorting him to persevere in it; promising that the
approbation of himself and the Cardinals for the Emperor's
confirmation shall speedily be obtained. Nothing more
remains now to be done in this Diet, except the application
of the Emperor for money, which is opposed by all the States,
as well Catholics as Protestants, as he mentioned in his last
letter. |
|---|
| Has ascertained from the Emperor's Court that Count
George von Helfensteyn is about to return immediately into
England to complete the espousals [sponsalia] between the
Queen and Charles Archduke of Austria. Has seen the
splendid dresses prepared for this purpose for the Count and
the noblemen of his suit. Hears that 6,000 crowns are sent by
the exchange into England for the expenses of the embassy.
It is also reported that the Baron von Harrach is going into
England; he is an Austrian, and "dominus" John James
Fuccerus has married his sister, by whom he has nine
children. |
|---|
| Has asked the Duke of Wirtemburg what he thinks of
Charles; he says that he is good natured, well disposed,
and virtuous, and that when he grows up he will become
a good Prince. (fn. 10) |
|---|
| The Emperor goes first to Constance, then into Alsace and
the Brisgau. Wolfgang, Duke of Deuxponts, the successor of
Otto Henry in the Duchy of Nuremberg [Neoburgensis],
recommends himself to her. |
|---|
| It was his intention to have left on the 16th of this month,
but before leaving he called upon the Elector Palatine to
ask him to continue the friendship which had so long existed
between his ancestors and England, and found his sentiments
towards her were of the most friendly nature. When the
writer said he hoped that an embassy would be despatched
to England by the Protestant States, in order to promote
mutual consent in religion and friendship, the Palatine
heartily agreed with him; adding that he himself would
propose it to the States and Commissioners, who are at this
time assembled here. This will detain the writer here for
some days longer, in order that he may ascertain what will
be done. |
|---|
| Well informed people think that the Emperor is going into
Alsace, which is near the duchy of Luxemburg, that he may
there have a conference with Philip to discuss things sacred
and profane. The Emperor's agents are here endeavouring
to raise money upon interest, to provide him with what he
needs at his departure, and pay the debts which he has contracted during his residence.—19 July 1559. |
|---|
| Orig. Hol., with armorial seal. Add. Endd. Lat.
Pp. 4. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. Tytler, vi. 450. | 1013. The Lords of the Congregation to the Queen. |
|---|
| Though no good success has as yet attended their labours
towards promoting perpetual amity between the two realms,
yet they, the professors of Jesus Christ in this realm of Scotland,
cannot cease to be suitors to her and her Council to have an
eye on their present estate. Having enterprised to enter in
battle against the devil, against idolatry, and that sort of
men, from whom they look for nothing but the utter subversion of their commonwealth, if they shall be overthrown
in this battle, (of which they stand in great danger, as well
by domestic enemies as by the great preparation which they
hear to be sent against them by France,) they fear that their
ruin will be but an entrance to greater cruelty. They are
therefore compelled to seek remedy against such tyranny by
all such lawful means as God shall offer. Knowing her to
have enterprised like reformation of religion, they crave such
support as may to them be comfortable, and declare her grace
and counsel unfeignedly to "thrust" the advancement of
Christ Jesus and of His Gospel. Whatever shall reasonably
be required of them for a perpetual amity to stand between
the two realms shall neither be denied nor in any point
violated. They have written more at length to Mr. Cecil.—
Edinburgh, 19 July. Signed: Archd. Ergyll, Alex. Glencairne, James Sanctandos, Patrick Ruthwen, Robert Boyd,
Andw. Wcheiltree. |
|---|
| In the handwriting of John Knox, with armorial seal.
Endd. by Cecil: 19 Julii 1559. Add. Seal. Broadside. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. | 1014. The Queen to Francis II. |
|---|
| Throckmorton having for a long time resided at the Court
of the late King, his father, she continues him in his office,
and asks credence for him. |
|---|
| Draft, endd. by Cecil: 19 July 1559. Fr. Broadside. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. | 1015. The Queen to the Constable of France. (fn. 11) |
|---|
| Although all things are subject to change, true friendship
always remains one in all changes. Is disposed towards him
as she has always been. It will be a pleasure to her to prove
her regard, as her Ambassador will inform him more fully.—
19 July 1559. |
|---|
| Draft in Cecil's hand. |
|---|
[July 19.]
R.O. | 1016. French translation of the above, dated 17 July 1559.
Draft. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. | 1017. The Queen to the Duke of Guise. |
|---|
| Hopes that no change of circumstances will alter a friendship based upon reason and honour. As by his order and
council he did much to procure the inheritance of the late
King to descend to the present King and Queen of France, so
she prays him to continue the same good offices. Her Ambassador, Throckmorton, will declare her mind more fully.—
19 July 1559. |
|---|
| Draft in Cecil's hand. |
|---|
| [July 19.] | French translation of the above, dated 17 July 1559. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. | 1018. The Queen to the King of Navarre. |
|---|
| The good report for diverse respects of his name which she
hears of him induces her to write to him, and thus to renew
her acquaintance with him. Is anxious to serve and please
him, as she has stated at greater length to her faithful servant
Throckmorton, for whom she asks credence.—19 July 1559. |
|---|
| Draft in Cecil's hol. |
|---|
| [July 19.] | 1019. French translation of the above, dated 17 July 1559.
Draft. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. | 1020. The Queen to the Queen of Navarre. |
|---|
| Ventures to say at the beginning, si Deus nobiscum, quis
contra nos? Has been for diverse considerations desirous to
have her acquaintance, but since distance forbids this, yet it
may be done in mind and goodwill, sentiments which she, the
writer, will always entertain towards her correspondent,
quite as much as if they were together. Her faithful M.
Throckmorton will express the feelings of the writer, with
regard to her, "not only for the degree of the world, but
for the true profession and sincerity of your Christian religion,"
[in which she prays that the Creator may keep her by His
grace and that she may continue a supporter of His Holy
Word (fn. 12) ].—19 July 1559. |
|---|
| Draft in Cecil's hol. |
|---|
| [July 19.] | 1021. French translation of the above, dated 17 July 1559. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. Forbes, 1. 166. | 1022. The Queen to Throckmorton. |
|---|
| Has received his letters by the bearer hereof, and understands his credit concerning the Earl of Arran. Common
charity, the honour of the party, and her own experience
of such misfortunes moves her to compassion. Wishes that
he shall counsel the Earl well how to preserve himself from
the danger of the French King and the Guises. Although
other ways may be devised, yet thinks if he be forced to
depart thence, that either, persona dissimulata, to go to
Geneva, and there to remain until he know further, or else
to come to Jersey and so to Plymouth or Southampton, and
to pass thence to his father in Scotland. And if he shall be
in need, upon knowledge she will remedy it. Let him not
think that her readiness to relieve him is for any cause but
that both for God's cause and his parentage she cannot
permit him to be oppressed with this calamity; adding
thereto the experience that she herself has had in worst cases
felt and yet past. He shall know the rest by the bearer. |
|---|
| She sees good cause to accept his services and wills him to
continue therein, whereof she will not be forgetful. Thinks it
strange the Earl of Arran mentions in his letters the cause he
has to thank her for the offers made him by her. She doubts
what to think; and mislikes that any such occasion should be
given him by any message. This bearer affirms that he said
nothing tending thereto. |
|---|
| Draft in Cecil's hol. Portions underlined to be expressed
in cipher. Add.: 1559, July 19. Pp. 3. |
|---|
July 19.
B.M Sloane, 4134, 380. | 1023. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
|---|
July 19.
B. M. Calig. E.V. 79. 1. | 1024. Throckmorton to the Queen. |
|---|
| Burnt. Has signified [the arrival of] Charles Howard at
this town ...... Has been informed on the 15th inst., by
[one that learnt it] at the mouth of the Duke of Alva, that
the amity between the late French King and the King of
Spain [is like to be renewed, and the] promises agreed between
the Princes concluded and confirmed out of hand and all . . .
for which purpose, and also for the avoiding of fu[rther] . . . .
that the Duke of Alva and other great personages . . . . . . .
the ratification of the said trety between . . . . . . now be,
which notwithstanding it my like you . . . . . ways as shall
be thought good by your wisdom to prop . . . . best for your
purpose to provide for the . . . . . . malice of the French, if
they mean other . . . . . I am done to understand certainly
they do. Burnt. |
|---|
| 79. 1. b. | [Mr. Howard sent to the Constable to] know when he should
repair to him, who answered that it was not meet for
Throckmorton to [discuss] this matter being an Ambassador,
but that if he [Howard] would come next morning he would
speak with him, which he did, and finding the Constable in
the parket at the Tournelles proceeded with him [in such] sort
as it may like her to understand from Mr. Howard's own report.
Throckmorton then sent to the Duke of Guise to know a time
for Mr. Howard's repair to him; who after he had consulted a
while with the Cardinal, the latter, (who, with the said Duke
[manages] all the affairs of the Court,) answered that he should
be next day at [dinner] time at the Louvre, where presently
remain the King, the two [French] Queens, and the house of
Guise. When Mr. Howard was come thither in very due time,
one told [him] that the Duke was at dinner and had stayed a
good time for [him], and in very deed it was before the ordinary time of dinner a good hour. [So] staying with M. de
Noailles till they had dined, the [Car]dinal of Lorraine came to
him forth of the King's chamber, with whom [unto] the King
and the Duke of Guise Mr. Howard proceeded, as him[self]
can further declare. . . . . These continue their preparations
for despatching into Scotland and daily in[crease] their
numbers of men of war. |
|---|
| 79. m. | Is informed that Stranguish has of late been at Fe[camp,
in] Normandy, but what became of him and where he is he
cannot yet learn.
and that it was he said
16th of this present at night such a
evensong, called for place
d'Angletérre which it may please Your Ma[jesty] |
|---|
| Advises her [to arm] in such sort as shall seem convenient
against the French, as by all means that he can learn, their
mind is to annoy her as much as they may. |
|---|
| Is informed that the Mareschal St. André is [appointed]
chief gentleman of the chamber, and that there . . . . brother
to M. de Humieres. |
|---|
| July 19. | The Lord Davy, brother to the Earl of Arran, the
[was taken] out of the guard of those who had him in
keeping and [placed in the charge] of Mons. de Cheveney,
Captain of the French guard [and by him taken] prisoner
to Bois de Vincent, which Cheveney is . . . . . . nation and
albeit the Earl of Arran is going away |
|---|
| The Duke of Chatelherault's lands in France have been
taken [from him]. It is supposed that Mons. Dandelot shall
be dis[placed from the command of the] footman and the room
g[iven] to the Count of Rochefaucault. The King departs
this day to Medune and next [day to one of the] houses of the
Cardinal of Lorraine, and returns [to Paris within] these eight
days. The French have in hand with divers Alm[ains] for
the bringing out of Bas Almaine to the sea side diverse [men
of war] |
|---|
| 79. m. b. | Mr. Howard at his first [audienc]e with the French King,
the Cardinal of Lorraine, [and the Duke of] Guise, was promised that he should hear further from them, and was willed
by them in the meantime to go and repose himself; whereupon he stayed that whole day and almost all the next ; and
in the evening not having heard anything from the Court,
Throckmorton sent [Mr. Jo]nes to know their pleasure.
Answer was returned that he [should] understand from the
Cardinal of the time of Mr. Howard's coming to [the] Court.
But hearing in like manner nothing from them, he again [sent]
a messenger on the 22nd inst. at night to the Court, to learn
something of Mr. Howard's repair there, the rather for that
[he had he]ard of the King's departure out of the town.
Answer was [sent] him by the Cardinal that next day M. de
Noailles should [bring] word of their resolution. |
|---|
| 79. n. | On the 18th M. de Noailles came and declared to him and
Mr. Howard together that the King having conceived great
[disqui]et upon the death of his father, whereby he was driven
to be somewhat [melan]cholic; so they had thought good for
his better [condole]nce that he should take his pleasure for a
few days in the country. The King's determination to depart
was so sudden that Mr. Howard could not conveniently speak
[with] him before; nevertheless he desired him to do his
affections and [com]mendations to the Queen, not doubting
but that she would continue all articles agreed between her and
the late King. For answer to the which Throckmorton said
that as the Queen found the King [his father's good] disposition to continue [amity], so she for her part meant the [same],
and finding the same disposition in the [King] that now is
would be ready to continue the [same] towards him, not
doubting to find the same [goodwill on his] behalf towards
her. |
|---|
| Yesternight Mr. Howard repaired to the Constable to take
his leave of him. How he found [the same and what] enter
tainment he had Throckmorton refers to [this bearer], who has
in his charge so behaved as [to cause him] to conceive well of
him.—Paris, 19th July 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Injured by fire.
Pp. 5. |
|---|
July 19.
R. O. Forbes, 1. 167. | 1025. Throckmorton to Cecil. |
|---|
| After weighing with himself the importance of the success
of things touching religion in Scotland for the English, thinks
it greatly necessary, notwithstanding any difficulty heretofore
made about it, that Knox should have liberty to repair into
England, how short soever his abode be there ; the necessity
whereof will appear by the Queen's letters. For being of
credit, as he is amongst them upon whom depends the stay of
that affair, it shall much conduce to their confirmation and
constancy in their proceeding thoroughly with the matter
without interruption. Delays are dangerous. This is his
simple opinion. |
|---|
| Understands that divers Frenchmen, for liberty of their
conscience, intend to come to England to avoid the persecution, and that divers lawyers and gentlemen mind to sell
their goods and live on the profit in England. Would indeed,
for charity's sake, wish them to make their abode in England,
yet prays that an eye may be on those who shall come, lest
coming under colour of religion they cover other designs; yet
the matter be so handled as that the poor men who seek
sanctuary may have it granted them, as divers of the English
had in time of persecution. |
|---|
| The French gentleman (whom in his last letters Cecil
named M. de Frommet,) who handled Mr. Howard so evil by
the way, is called M. de Chalue, nephew to M. d'Ozell. Prays
him to send the letter here enclosed to Sir James Crofts, or
Sir Henry Percy, to be conveyed by them to the direction,
with speed; and asks him, after having perused it, to seal it. |
|---|
| Begs him to put the Queen in remembrance of two persons
whom he mentioned in his letter to her, to be sent over thither. Refers him to his letters to her for further occurrences.
Signed. Paris, 19 July 1559. |
|---|
| P. S.—James Bassentine, a Scottish man, has been with him
to offer his service, which he has refused. He further desired
to be placed with some man in England, or to have a passport
for his own country. Is learned in the mathematicals; and
that is all Throckmorton knows of him. |
|---|
| Having made up the Queen's letter and being ready to seal
up the present, Barnaby, his servant, (whom he sent to Dieppe
for the conveyance of his last letters of the 13th inst. into
England) has returned and reports that on Saturday last, at
5 p.m., they were delivered to Oliver, the courier, who forthwith embarked with the same. |
|---|
| July 19. | Had appointed his servant to understand whether John
Ribawde was to be won or not, whom his servant met on the
way back from Dieppe. Ribawde said he had little occasion
to tarry at Dieppe, being frequently appointed by the Court
to ride to and fro for the despatching of ships into Scotland.
He sent Throckmorton word to beware of one man who
resorted to him. Told Barnaby that for the conveying of
men into Scotland no ships of war are prepared, but all hoys
and coasters, fit only for passengers, and that all the footmen at
this time to be sent into Scotland shall take shipping at Calais
and Boulogne, and thereabouts. He said that within a few days
he would come and talk with Throckmorton himself. Throckmorton tells Cecil this that he may inform the Queen. The
Lord Admiral can understand what ships are in the ports on
this side, and whether the men shall be embarked at Boulogne
or Calais. The Constable has informed Mr. Howard that the
late King shall not be interred these sixteen days. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Endd. by
Cecil: The secret. Pp. 4. |
|---|
July 19.
B. M. Sloane, 4134. 382. | 1026. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. | 1027. Mundt to Cecil. |
|---|
| Wrote last the 12 inst., and has now informed the Queen
of what has occurred in the interim. Has been twice
detained as he was about to return home; once by the person
sent to him by Cecil, and the second time by the Elector
Palatine, whom he went to visit before leaving. The Elector
Palatine directs all affairs of religion throughout Upper Germany, just as the Elector of Saxony does through Lower
Germany. At his advice Mundt delayed his departure, being
unwilling to seem negligent in his business, even although it
should occasion a delay of some days. |
|---|
| A Jesuit named Canisius, an Italian by birth, who teaches
at Ingolstadt, reports that the Pope has consented to a marriage between the Queen of England and Charles, provided
there is a probability that she will embrace the Catholic
religion. |
|---|
| Every one believes that this Diet will be dissolved within
two or three weeks, unless delay should arise from the discussions about money, to which the States are invited. Since
the primary articles, those about religion and the Council, are
suspended rather than settled, he will leave this place for
Strasburg within three or four days. Has now been five
months absent from home.—19 July 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Mundt's hol., with armorial seal. Add. Endd.
Lat. Pp. 2. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. Knox, ii. 23. | 1028. The Lords of the Congregation to Cecil. |
|---|
| The contents of a letter directed by him to Sir Henry
Percy having been certified to them by Mr. Kirkaldy of
Grange this Sunday, 15 July, they perceive that the said
Grange has travailed with Cecil, as with an unfeigned favourer
of Christ's true religion and of the liberty of his country, for
knowledge of his [Cecil's] mind towards them in case they
are assaulted by any foreign invasion or greater power than
they are well able to resist. His comfortable answer to this
question they have considered with joy, as also his motion
and what he demands, to wit what they, the Protestants, do
purpose? To what end they mean to direct their actions ?
How they will, and how they are able to accomplish the same ?
What doubts they have of any adversary power ? And, finally,
what amity might ensue betwixt these two realms; and
how the same might be hoped to be perpetual ? |
|---|
| To these they briefly answer, that their whole and only
purpose is to advance the glory of Christ Jesus, the true
preaching of His Evangil within this realm ; to remove superstition and all sorts of external idolatry; to bridle to their
powers the fury of those that have cruelly shed the blood of
their brethren; and to their uttermost to maintain the liberty
of their country from the tyranny and thraldom of strangers. |
|---|
| How they shall accomplish these premises is to them unknown, but they trust that God will perform the same.
Supposing that neither their present danger nor the warlike
preparation that France makes against them are hid from
him, they omit that part. As touching the assurance of a
perpetual amity to stand betwixt these two realms, nothing
on earth is to them more desirable than such a joyful conjunction. |
|---|
| As for the revolting to France (which he seems to suspect and
fear,) they utterly abhor that infidelity, for they seek rather
heaven than earth; but even if they should look anything to
temporal commodity they should have no occasion to return
to France, for now they begin to feel the burden of that
yoke which in the end shall be intolerable; "and therefore
intend we by God's grace to cut away such instruments (the
papistical clergy) as by whom this realm hath been before
abused." No mention of any change of authority has even
entered their hearts except that extreme necessity compel them
thereto; but perceiving that France, the Queen Regent here,
together with her priests and Frenchmen, pretend nothing
else but the suppression of Christ's Evangel, the maintenance of idolatry, their ruin and the utter subversion of this
poor realm, they are fully purposed to seek the next remedy
to withstand their tyranny, in which matter they heartily
require his faithful counsel and furtherance at the Queen's and
Council's hands. |
|---|
| July 19. | Thus far have they hazarded to make him participant of
their purpose, estate, and request, because in the said letters
he requires of Mr. Kyrkcaldeye some further ground than his
own word or writing. They refer to the instructions and
credit committed to the messenger, and require further
answer with expedition.—Edinburgh, 19 July 1559. Signed:
Archibald Ergyll, Alex. Glencarne, James Sanctanctandr.
(sic), Patrick Ruthwen, Robert Boyd, Andro Wcheltre. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. In Knox's hol. Endd. by Cecil. Pp. 4. |
|---|
July 19.
B. M. Sloane, 4734. 180. | 1029. Another copy of the above.
Omitting the signature and date. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. | 1030. Henry Balnaves to Cecil. |
|---|
| Having known the earnest love and fervent constancy
which is in Cecil towards the forthsetting and true maintaining of Christ's holy religion, together with the remembrance of his most gentle humanity shown to him [Balnaves]
at all times, therefore writes to him. It is unnecessary to
open at length anything contained in another letter written
to him by the Lords of the Congregation and Council of
this realm, but will here briefly collect the same upon these
two heads following. (1.) The setting forth of God's glory
according to His Holy Word, as it is in England presently
begun; and, (2) the preservation of this realm from the
tyranny and subjection of strangers, Frenchmen. Howbeit,
the first brag they [the Scots] must suffer. Needful it is
that with common consent they should both join to the
defence of themselves and for resistance of their common
enemy, who pretends no less title by tyranny of the Bishop
of Rome's authority to England than to this realm. For
the performance of this he heartily desires Cecil so to labour
at the Queen, as he, the writer, will do here, that the message
sent to her by the Lords here may take good success and
be to other nations an example of love to our friends and
terror and fear to our enemies. If the Queen and Council
will apply them as the Lords here will, and are minded to
do in all things according to their ability, on either side
there shall follow a happy and prosperous success. |
|---|
| Refers for particulars to the bearer, Mr. Whitelaw.—Edinburgh, 19 July 1559. Signed: Henry Balnaves, of Halhill. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. Endd. by Cecil. Pp.2. |
|---|
July 19.
R.O. | 1031. The Queen's Loans in Antwerp. |
|---|
| "A note of all such money as hath been taken up by exchange in Antwerp for the Queen, begun 19 July 1559 to
15 August." |
|---|
| Pp. 3. |
|---|
July 20.
R. O. Knox, ii. 28. | 1032. Knox to the Queen. |
|---|
| Her displeasure most unjustly conceived has been to his
wretched heart a burden grievous and almost intolerable, yet
the testimony of a clean conscience upholds him that in desperation he sinks not, which in God's presence bears him
record that maliciously he never offended her or her realm.
Howsoever he be judged of man he is assured to be absolved of
Him who only knows the secrets of hearts. Cannot deny the
writing of a book against the usurped authority and unjust
regiment of women, neither is he minded to retract or call
back any principal point or proposition of the same till truth
and verity further appear. Why she or such as unfeignedly
favour the liberty of England should be offended at the author
he cannot perceive. For first, his book touched not her (in
special), nor is it prejudicial to any liberty of the realm if the
time of writing be indifferently considered. He could not be
an enemy to her person, for deliverance whereof he studied and
enterprised more than any of his accusers. How can he envy
her regiment for which he has thirsted, and for which (as
oblivion will suffer) he renders thanks unfeignedly to God
that it has pleased Him to exalt her head (which some times
was in danger) to the manifestation of His glory and the
extirpation of idolatry ? As for any offence committed against
England in writing that or any other work, he will not refuse
that moderate and indifferent men judge betwixt him and his
accusers: to wit, whether of the parties most hurts the liberty
of England, he who affirms "that no woman may be exalted
above any realm to make the liberty of the same thrall to a
strange, proud, and cruel nation; or they that approve whatsoever pleases princes for the time." If he were as well
disposed to accuse as some of them, to their shame, have
declared themselves, he doubts not in few words to let reasonable men understand that some, (who this day lowly crouch to
Her Grace, and labour to make him odious in her eyes,) did in
her adversity neither show themselves faithful friends to her,
or so careful over their own country as they would be esteemed. |
|---|
| Omitting the accusation of other, there is nothing in his
book that can be prejudicial to her just regiment, provided
she be not found ungrate to God. Ungrate she will be proved
(however flatterers justify her fact) if she transfer the glory
of that honour in which she now stands to any other thing
than the dispensation of His mercy, which only makes that
lawful to her which nature and law deny to all women.
Neither should she fear that this her humiliation before God will
weaken her lawful authority before men; nay, it will be the
establishment of the same not only to her but to her seed and
posterity; whereas a proud conceit and elevation of herself
will occasion her reign to be unstable, troublesome, and short.
God is witness that he unfeignedly loves and reverences her;
he prays that her reign may be long, prosperous, and quiet,
and that for the quietness of which Christ's members before
persecuted have received under her. Yet if he should flatter
her he were no friend, but a deceivable traitor. Is compelled
of conscience to say that neither the consent of people, the
process of time, nor multitude of men can establish a law which
God shall approve; whatsoever He approves by His eternal
Word shall be approved, and whatsoever He damns shall be
condemned, though all men on earth would hazard the justification of the same. Therefore, the only way for her to keep these
benefits of God, abundantly poured upon her and her realm,
is unfeignedly to render unto God, to His mercy and undeserved grace, the whole glory of her exaltation. She should
forget her birth and all title which thereupon doth hang,
and consider deeply how for fear of her life she declined from
God and bowed to idolatry, and not let it appear a small
offence in her eyes that she declined from Christ Jesus in
the day of His battle. She is not to esteem the mercy
vulgar and common which she has received; to wit, that God
has covered her former offence, has preserved her when most
unthankful, and in the end raised her up not only from the
dust but from the ports of death to rule over His people,
for the comfort of His kirk. |
|---|
| It appertains, therefore, to her to ground the justice of her
authority not upon that law, which from year to year changes,
but upon the eternal Providence of Him, who, contrary to
nature and without her deserving, has thus exalted her head.
If thus in God's presence she humbles herself, as in his heart
he glorifies God for the rest granted to his afflicted flock in
England, under her, a weak instrument, so will he with
tongue and pen justify her authority and regiment as the
Holy Ghost has justified the same in Deborah. But if she
shall begin to brag of her birth and build her authority upon
her own law, flatter her who list, her felicity shall be short. |
|---|
| Desires her to interpret his rude words in the best part, as
written by one who is no enemy to her. |
|---|
| By divers letters he has required licence to visit her realm,
not to seek his own ease or commodity, which if she now
denies he must remit his cause to God; adding, that it is
commonly seen "that such as refuse the council of the faithful
(appear it never so sharp) are compelled to follow the deceit
of flatterers to their own perdition." Prays that her heart
may be moved to understand what is said, and discretion
given her to rule herself and actions to the glory of God.—
Edinburgh, 20 July 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. Endd. by Cecil: Mr. Knox to the Queen, by
Al. Wh. Pp. 4. |
|---|
July 20.
Petyt MSS. 538. 47. f. 41. | 1033. A nearly contemporaneous transcript of the above, with a few
verbal variations and omitting a portion at the end. |
|---|
| Pp.2. |
|---|
July 20.
R.O. 171 B. | 1034. Another copy of the above.
Modern transcript. |
|---|
[July 20.]
B. M. Sloane, 4734. 179. | 1035. Another copy of the preceding, dated 14 July. |
|---|
[July 20 ?]
Sloane, 4734. Knox, 1. 372. | 1036. Reformation in Scotland. |
|---|
| The Lords of the Congregation of Scotland to the Queen
Dowager of Scotland and her Council. |
|---|
| They have stayed the printing irons in consideration that
the commonwealth was greatly hurt by corrupting of the
money of Scotland; and they, being born Councillors of this
realm, and sworn to procure the profit of the same, could do no
less of duty and conscience than to stay that for a time which
they saw so abused that unless remedy were found would
turn to the detriment of the whole body of the realm. |
|---|
| As to her accusation of plunder, they remit her to the conscience of Master Robert Richesone, Master of the Mint, who
from their hands received silver, gold, and metal, as well
coined as uncoined; so that with them there did not remain
"the value of a bawbee." |
|---|
July 20.
R. O. | 1037. Sir Richard Lee to the Privy Council. (fn. 13) |
|---|
| Has received their letter of the 15th inst. In reply states
that he has asked the Queen to send some person of credit
hither to view the works. Since these works have already
been very chargeable, and will be more so still, thinks they
should be seen by such a man as, being about the Court, might
daily put them in remembrance of the importance thereof. |
|---|
| The town is not much the stronger. If the works already
begun are perfected, yet is there some other part of the town
so weak as if the enemy attempt it, the town will be lost.
Cannot express this by writing, it can only be understood by
view of the place. |
|---|
| In reply to their question as to the quantity of timber
bought of Mr. Whalleye, answers that he has bargained with
him for 1,000 tons at 6s. 8d. the ton, to be delivered at Hull;
200 tons are already brought here. Will send a carpenter to
Hull. Requests them to see that ready payment be made
for all that is brought here.—Berwick, 20 July 1559.
Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Endd.
Pp. 2. |
|---|
July 20.
R. O. | 1038. Garrison of Berwick. |
|---|
| "Articles whereunto every captain shall be sworn." |
|---|
| 1. He shall be a faithful subject unto the Queen. |
|---|
| 2. He shall govern his soldiers as to good subjects and
soldiers belongs. |
|---|
| 3. He shall keep the whole numbers of his band without
dismissing or admitting any, or giving passes without at the
same instant signifying it to the captain or governor of the
town and the muster-master. The like when any shall die or
escape away. |
|---|
| 4. He shall not bring to musters anyone who has not
served for the time for which he receives pay, nor shall he
refuse to come with his band to musters upon the call of the
captain or muster-master. |
|---|
| 5. He shall not suffer any to leave the victualler unpaid, or
to sell his armour. |
|---|
| 6. If he shall be proved to have offended, refers himself to
be punished, to lose all his wages and armour, to be dismissed
out of his charge, and to depart out of the town. |
|---|
| Draft in Cecil's hol., and endd. by him: 20 July. Articles
for Captains at Berwick. Pp. 2. |
|---|
July 20.
R.O. | 1039. Croft to Cecil. |
|---|
| Has received last night Cecil's letters of 15 July, confirmatory of what Croft wrote in his letters of 11th and 12th inst.,
the contents whereof he will use according to Cecil's advice.
The Protestants of Scotland have communed daily with the
Duke of Chastelherault, and the other Commissioners, from
Friday daily until now, without any conclusion. Yesterday
and to-day has expected Kirkaldy, who however has not yet
come. The Protestants have knowledge of the French King's
death, and shall know the rest concerning the Earl of Arran.
Kirkaldy has not yet discovered himself plainly to be of the
Protestant party, nor does he come to the Queen Regent, but
feigns himself sick. Money is owing him for serving in the
late wars, in hope whereof he drives time. The man is poor
and cannot travail in these matters without charges, wherein
he must be relieved by the Queen if these proceedings go
forwards, and so must as many as be principal doers have
relief. They be all poor, and necessity will force them to
leave off when all they have is spent, "and you know in all
practices, money must be one part." |
|---|
| Encloses an answer to a letter which he sent to the Queen
Regent of Scotland.—Berwick, 20 July 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| P.S.—Asks for a warrant to the Treasurer for his allowance to begin 1 inst. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Endd.
Pp. 3. |
|---|
July 20.
R.O. | 1040. The Queen's Debts at Antwerp. |
|---|
| "A note of all such debts as that the Queen doth owe to
diverse and sundry merchants in the city of Antwerp," being
a list of sums of money taken up by Thomas Gresham, from
20th October 1558 to 20th July 1559, to pay debts due by
her until 20th July 1560, amounting to 133,680l. 12s. 8d. |
|---|
| Endd. by Cecil: Mr. Gresham's report of the debts, 1559.
Pp. 2. |
|---|