|
August 1.
R. O. Forbes, 1. 184. | 1101. Throckmorton to the Queen. |
|---|
| Wrote last on the 28th ult. On the 30th the Admiral of
France and De la Brosse were sent to Calais; the Admiral to
look to Picardy and to see the other furnished with ships, and
the latter to take shipping with the men of war for Scotland.
The whole number is 1,500 men, who are to embark at Calais,
Newhaven, Bulloin, and elsewhere. De la Brosse will take
shipping on the 10th inst., or sooner if possible. |
|---|
| The French are in great fear, in consequence of the preparation of her ships and the summoning of her musters,
supposing that she will make some attempt upon Calais,
The only way to cause them to keep good rule is for her to be
in readiness and preparation for them. They are also in fear
because of the King of Spain, who has not as yet restored S.
Quentin's, Ham, nor Chastelet, the Spanish garrisons of
which daily make courses into the country as far as Noyon,
about which the Governor of Compegny has written to the
King, adding that it were as good to have war as such
a peace. |
|---|
| The Duke of Florence has surprised and taken Monte Alcino
from the Senoese and Frenchmen. Instead of the Prince of
Condé the Duke d'Aumale, brother of the Duke of Guise,
goes into Flanders. Neither M. de Noailles, Ambassador in
England, nor Bassefontaine, resident with the King of Spain,
have any new commission. What he had previously written
about some contention between the Duke of Wirtemburg and
the Cardinal of Augusta was true, except as to the imprisonment of the Cardinal of Bellay. Sends enclosed a copy of a
letter sent by the Cardinal Bellay's secretary from Rome to
the Bishop of Paris. Bourg has appealed first to the Bishop
of Paris and then to the Cardinal of Sens, late Garde [des]
Seaux, both of whom have given sentence against him; he has
now appealed to Lyons, the last appeal that he may make.
So he draws to his end without hope of life. |
|---|
| About 26th ult., there landed on this side from Saintelowe
in Cornwall, two priests disguised, who took their way
towards this Court. Advises her to send into Cornwall to
understand what priests are there missing. An English
gentleman, much about the same time, landed at Newhaven,
also disguised, who came in post to this Court. In Normandy,
at a place called [blank], there is a ship in rigging forth to go
unto adventure of robbing and spoiling. The Duke of Alva
[torn] alone has used all the means he can to get hence, and
[torn] promised to lay pawn for 200,000 crowns, so as
he [torn] licence to depart, which has not liked the French
very well; but he has a plain answer that he must remain here,
whereby it may appear in what case the French are here. "And
in very deed they are at this time in great perplexities, and
know not which way to look, and are now as much afraid of
Your Highness by means of your preparation as they thought
to make you with their brave setting forth of things on this
side." The Duke of Saxe having gone away in post without
the knowledge of the French, they say he is gone into
England, with which they are somewhat perplexed.—Paris,
1 August 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Partly in cipher, deciphered. Slightly torn. Add.
Endd. by Cecil. Pp. 4. |
|---|
August 1.
B.M. Sloane, 4134. 413. | 1102. Another copy of the preceding.
Forbes' transcript. |
|---|
August 1.
R. O. Forbes, 1. 186. | 1103. Throckmorton to Cecil. |
|---|
| The 29th ult. sent him a letter by the Earl of Glencairn's
son. Has not much to write about, and refers him to his
letters to the Queen for intelligence. Warns him against
divers Frenchmen, who under colour of flying out of this
country for religion, daily repair into the isles of Guernsey
and Jersey. Although he could wish those that come for
religion indeed should be received, and used as some of ours
have been received in time of persecution among them, yet
the present time, full of suspicion, causes him to doubt the
worst. Warning should be given to the Captain of those
isles, yet that such as are zealous to religion may indeed find
sanctuary. |
|---|
| On 30th ult. came to his lodging one Dr. Mouse, heretofore
a reader in Cambridge, who came into Flanders to follow a
suit of a friend of his; from whence he came hither to renew
his French tongue. Asked him whether he had licence to
come over, to which he answered, No; that he had been a
suitor for one, but could not obtain it, as Cecil and the Lord
Great Seal did know, who were privy of his coming. Here
are arrived two gentlemen from Italy, Mr. Phitzwilliam and
Mr. Haywood, who remain as students at Paris. "Sir Henry
Paget, by means of suspicions lately risen on this side," is
departed from Paris and gone to Lyons for his more safety, if
the worst should fall. Requests to be informed in what sort
Cecil received this packet.—Paris, 1 August 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd. Pp. 2. |
|---|
August 1.
B.M. Sloane, 4134. 417. | 1104. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
|---|
August [1].
Galba, C. 1. 50. Wright, 1. 5. | 1105. Challoner to Cecil. |
|---|
| Will perceive the sum of his advertisements by his letters
and other papers sent herewith to the Queen. Though the
King and M. d'Arras use him with very good words, yet he
knows otherwise what opinion they have of him. And
indeed no more amity is to be looked for than respect for their
private utility endures. |
|---|
| Begs that he may have signification of the Queen's pleasure,
seeing the King embarks so shortly. Has not yet discovered
to anyone her pleasure touching his abode here, trusting to
have special letters, which, if they come not in time, he must
frame some invention for having access at the King's embarking.
—Ghent, [1] August 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| P. S.—Asks whether Cecil has received his [letters] and
begs that he may receive two or three months' diets. All
things here are outrageously dear beyond measure. |
|---|
| Draft. Hol. Injured by fire. Pp. 2. |
|---|
August 1.
R. O. | 1106. Challoner to Cecil. |
|---|
| The bearer, called Derike Feld, an Almain, formerly one of
the gunners for the great ordnance in Boulogne whilst it was
ours, and there maimed, also appointed (as he saith) for the
room of an almsman at Canterbury, then at Rochester, from
both of which places he has hitherto been kept out, has made
application to the writer for his letters of recommendation. The
Count de Feria has also recommended him. Enquiry respecting his case might be made of the Lord Admiral, who was
then Deputy at Boulogne.—Gand, 1 August 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Hol. Add., with armorial seal. Endd. Pp. 2. |
|---|
August 1.
R.O. | 1107. Croft to Cecil. |
|---|
| The Laird of Ormeston sent him knowledge last night that
the Duke of Chastelherault will take part with the Protestants, and will depart from the Queen of Scots within two
[days]. If he keep appointment, the proceedings will go well
forward. |
|---|
| On July 28, the inhabitants of Edinburgh were cast into
the Tolbooth, and demanded who would hear Mass and who
would refuse. They answered with one voice that they were
members of the Congregation and would not leave their profession, and so departed. The Earl Morton was suspected by
the Queen of Scots, and therefore he is departed from the
Court. On the last of July the Master of Maxwell escaped
out of Edinburgh Castle, whereby the strength of the Protestants is much increased. |
|---|
| A messenger has presently come from Aymouthe requesting him to send to see how the same is rased, of which he
will advertise him on their return.—Berwick, 1 August 1559.
Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. by Cecil. Endd. Chiefly in cipher, deciphered.
Pp. 2. |
|---|
August 1.
B.M. Sloane, 4734. 179. Calderw. 1. 489. Knox, 1. 382. Keith, 1. 224. | 1108. Reformation in Scotland. |
|---|
| Bond of the Congregation against the Queen Regent of
Scotland. |
|---|
| They, foreseeing the craft and sleight of their adversaries,
tending all manner of ways to circumvent them, and particularly by fair promises to separate them one from another, to
their utter ruin and destruction, bind themselves in the
presence of God, and as they tender the maintenance of true
religion, that none will pass to the Queen Dowager to talk or
commune with her, without consent of the rest and common
consultation thereupon; and as soon as message or writing
come from her will notify the same one to another, so that
nothing shall proceed therein without the common consent
of all—Stirling, 1 August 1559. |
|---|
August 1.
B.M. Sloane, 4737. 101. | 1109. Another copy of the above. |
|---|
August 1.
R.O. | 1110. Pickering's Accounts. |
|---|
| "A brief abstract of the accounts of Sir William Pickering,
Knight, concerning the Almayne regiment, appointed to have
been transported into England anno 1558," whereof the
charge amounted to 9,971l. 0s. 5d. Flemish, and the discharge
to 8,522l. 4s. 4d. Flemish, at the rate of 22s. Flemish to
the pound sterling. The account extends from 8th March 1557
to 17 Nov. 1558 (256 days), being the day of the death of
Queen Mary, and from 17th Nov. to 4th May 1559 (167 days),
being the day of his return into England (in all 423 days). |
|---|
| Orig. Endd., partly by Cecil: Primo Augusti, 1559. An
abbreviate of Mr. Pickering's accompte. Allowed by the
Commiss. Pp. 3. |
|---|
August 2.
R.O. Forbes, 1. 187. | 1111. Throckmorton to Cecil. |
|---|
| Has sent to the Queen and him letters dated the 1st August
by the Marquis of Trans' steward, who came to tell him
[Throckmorton] of his going to England by post; which
caused him to send by him what he otherwise would have sent
by this bearer, his servant. |
|---|
| Has informed the Queen of his others sent the 28th of
last month, and how that on the 30th the Admiral of France
and De Labross were sent to Calais, the one to oversee his
charge, the other to embark with 1,500 men at Calais for Scotland, the 10th inst. or sooner. |
|---|
| Wrote also of the fears the French have, for the preparation
of the Queen's ships and the musters of her men. |
|---|
| Advertised further their fear of Spain. Also told the Queen
of the surprise of the Siennois and Frenchmen by the Duke of
Florence in Mount Alcino, which he prays her to disbelieve
until further news, being but a bruit. Mentioned also that
the Prince of Condé staid his going into Flanders. Also told
the Queen of the landing of two priests from Saintlowe, in
Cornwall, disguised; and of an English gentleman having
landed at Newhaven; also of a ship prepared in Normandy at
Grandville, which for haste he omitted to name. And how
the Duke of Alva desired to be rid thence. |
|---|
| In the letter to him [Cecil] he [Throckmorton] mentioned
the going of divers Frenchmen to Jersey and Guernsey, under
colour of religion; also of his visit from Mr. Mouse; that Mr.
Phitzwilliams and Mr. Haywood had come as students from
Italy, and that Mr. Paget had retired to Lyons. |
|---|
| Thus has signified the contents of his letters by the Marquis
of Trans' steward; for fear of an evil bearer, prays him to tell
him how he received the letters. |
|---|
| Since writing the above understands that M. d'Aubeny will
have M. de Lorges' charge. Has an inkling that now the
French, having lost the Earl of Arran, will try to win the Earl
of Lennox, so to have still a party in Scotland against Arran,
to serve their turn. Though he would not bring suspicion on any
one, yet having this matter broken unto him, has thought best
to give him [Cecil] knowledge of it that he might have an eye
on the said Earl and all about him. Understands from Mr.
Mouse that one of the two priests from Cornwall is named
Endall, of a benefice before Dr. Moreman's, the other Smart,
a prebendary in Exeter, and otherwise beneficed, who was
conveyed by a Breton into Bretagne; he is, (as Mr. Mouse
tells him,) a subtle man. They are now both in Paris, where
they were before in King Edward's time, and enquire for the
Bishop of London. Prays him to thank Mr. Mouse for his
trouble on his return. Sends to Cecil and Dr Wotton two
books, containing certain works of an old author, Macarius;
lately taken out of the King's library, being in Greek and
translated into Latin, and so printed. Is sorry for his old
friend, the Abbot of Westminster, and for his. . . .that this old
author came to light no sooner, for he writes favourably for
their profession.—Paris, 2 August 1559.
Orig. |
|---|
August 2.
B.M. Sloane, 4134. 419. | 1112. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
|---|
August 2.
R. O. | 1113. Knox to Percy. |
|---|
| Although his desire was vehement to have spoken with Sir
Henry, as well for further acquaintance as for discharge of his
duty and commission, (for to him was the writer no less
directed than to Sir James Croftes,) yet, because of the shortness of the time limited unto him and of the uncertainty of
Sir Henry's residence, the writer was compelled to return
without the comfort of his presence. Has left the whole
matter in articles with Sir James, not doubting but that the
same will be communicated to him. Beseeches him heartily
to do [all] possible diligence that answer may be had with
expedition. Mr. Kirkaldy heartily salutes him.—Holy
Island, 2 August 1559, at night, in great haste. "Yours to
his power in godliness, John Knox." |
|---|
| P. S.—Commandment was given to him by the Lords Protestants to require of Sir Henry the favour that the entrance
of the Lord Marischal, his prisoner, may be prolonged, in case
they write to Sir Henry for the same; for if his father can be
made assured upon their part, the presence of the young man
will be comfortable unto them. They are assured that this
appointment will not stand, for the Queen Regent has already
broken it, "and therefore we can be no longer bound than
we be able to make our party good upon the field." Requests
that either he [Knox] or Kircaldye may be informed of his
pleasure, for the Lords will not write unless they be assured of
his favour and good will. |
|---|
| Orig. Hol. Add. Endd. by Cecil: Knoxees letters.
Pp. 2. |
|---|
August 3.
R. O. | 1114. [Challoner] to the Queen. |
|---|
| On Sunday 29th ult., considering how his access to the
King was deferred, he gave advice thereof to her by a packet
of letters, delivered to Nicolas Ferrers, merchant of London,
to be delivered to Mr. Secretary. Sends the double thereof
herewith to the Queen. |
|---|
| In continuation; not having been visited by any of the
Court since his coming, nor bidden welcome from the King,
considering also what lewd and unbefitting reports are here
and at Antwerp generally bruited of our affairs in England,
so evil and contemptuously as the same cannot but proceed of
great misliking of us, adding to these the long deferment of
his access, (though this was partly excused by the Feast of the
Order, which fully did not end before the 1 inst.,) and understanding that some short language had passed at Otford
between the Bishop of Aquila and Don Juan de Ayala,
(whereof they failed not to write to the Court, and perchance
to the King also,) he thought it not unmeet to desire to speak
with the Count de Feria, who, it was said, would depart the
next day to rencounter his wife at Bruges. |
|---|
| Spoke with him by appointment on Monday last, when he
was received very courteously ["giving me the upper hand"], (fn. 1)
and asked him to promote his audience with the King. The
Count answered, very gently, that he would procure the same
either by himself or by Don Antonio de Tolledo. "He is an
open man and not much dissembling, or at least not caring in
this behalf to discover (fn. 2) his mind." He discoursed of our estate
and affairs in England, all tending to a misliking of the proceedings there, but professing regard to the Queen and the
realm; and as he reputed himself, through means of his wife,
partly Englished, he could not choose but be sorry for the
same. The details for brevity he pretermits ["reserving
the same to a particular note thereof herein enclosed, to be
further by Your Majesty considered apart, either as the said
Earl's own imagination, either else, (he being next the Duke
of Alva in highest favour and place of this Council) as the
common opinion of them all."] (fn. 3) At last he "gently brought
me forth," and said he himself would move the King, but that,
to his supposal, this would not be before the ceremonies of the
Order were fully ended. |
|---|
| These ceremonies have been celebrated here in very solemn
sort with great concourse of beholders, and continued three
days, from Saturday last at evensong till Tuesday following;
each day with a peculiar change of robes and chaperons, viz.
crimson, black, and white. Every of these three days the
King with the Knights of the Order were sumptuously feasted
at the Town House at the several charge of the three estates
of the said town. |
|---|
| Yesterday the Count de Feria sent to say that the next day
the writer should have audience. To-day, in the forenoon,
Don Juan de Piementel, one of the King's privy chamber,
and in the absence of Ruy Gomes a supplier of his place, in
great favour with the King, came to his lodging, sent by the
King. In going and returning his talk was gentle and
familiar. Coming to the Palace he was brought to the
King's privy and bed chamber, where at the first were
only Don Antonio de Tolledo and Don Juan Menriquez,
with whom he passed reciproque salutations. Soon after
the King himself came forth of an inner garderobe, clad
in a plain black cloak with cloth cap (for he mourneth) very
plainly. The writer did his due reverence, even to the kissing of his hand, which offer the King would not permit, but
made him straight be covered. Presented the Queen's letters,
which gently he received, read distinctly, and paused to hear
his credence, which the writer uttered in Italian, as by a note
enclosed appears. The King showed his good acceptation
thereof by his countenance, while the writer was speaking,
and at last made answer in Spanish, declaratory of his amity
and of his intention to observe the leagues and treaties which
had passed heretofore, concluding with many good words, in
such gentle fashion and such smiling countenance as one
might not well desire more at so great a Prince's hands. |
|---|
| Asked whether his embarkment would be so shortly as
is reported; and the King affirmed that for his urgent affairs
in Spain it behoved him to make all the haste he could.
Wished him a happy and short passage; and that if he fortuned to have cause to touch at any of the English ports, he
would be accommodated in no less wise than the Queen's own
person; whereat he smiled and thanked her for the same.
This was the substance of that conference. |
|---|
| Requests that the Queen would instruct him as to his
further proceedings with the King when he embarks. Wise
men suppose that he cannot despatch the matters of the Low
Country so soon, being many and intricate, viz.:— |
|---|
| 1. He has somewhat to do with the States of this country,
about the acceptation of this Regent with so ample a commission and power as is meant to be left with her. |
|---|
| 2. They stick and make great means to have the Spanish
garrisons clean removed out of the forts of these Low
Countries, and to have Almains placed in their steads. |
|---|
| 3. St. Quentin and other French holds, though the
artillery is clean removed out of them, are not yet rendered
(whereupon it rests he is uncertain), but in the meantime
the Duke of Alva remains pledge in France. |
|---|
| These matters may hold the King longer, but sure he
makes all haste to recover Spain this August, the wind, as
his masters mariners affirm, serving him in this month most
propice. "And indeed I have not wanted some advertisements that otherwise it importeth him to make his hasty repair thither in respect of such stirs and innovations as are
presently doubted, viz., for the affair of religion, wherein at his
arrival there he intendeth (as is said) to show notable examples
of punishment and execution; many notable persons of estate
being already therefor arrested, and more upon his coming
to be apprehended. So as the persecution there is like to be
sharp and vehement." |
|---|
| "Touching the state of his affairs, he looketh for long time
to live in rest for any wars with France, accounting through
his great revenues and riches forth of all his provinces, viz.,
the Indies, from whence, by late imposition, a much great
treasure shall accrue unto him, to be so cleared of his own
and his father's debts, and so advanced aforehand, as this
young French King, (if coming to age he would prove
masteries,) shall find small handfast to his purpose." |
|---|
| "Touching all other states he counteth himself assured;
the Almains being so well by him paid, and ready again to
serve him. The Duke of Brunswick goeth with him into
Spain." |
|---|
| "As for Italy he counteth them all at his beck. The
Venetians, not two days afore I came, sent hither one of their
most reputed senators, Marco Antonio Muta, a very wise man,
to congratulate with the King this peace, and other compliments to show their good disposition. The Pope he now
feareth not. Florence and Parma he counteth for his own
creatures. Yesterday the Prince of Ferrara here arrived out
of France in post, only (as I hear) to make fair weather for
his father through such officiousness. So as (it is said) upon
his getting into Spain he mindeth not to return unto these
parts, if extraordinary accidents be not moved thereof, not of
these many years; intending for his supply in these Low
Countries within a year or such a space to send over the
young Prince his son." |
|---|
| "In the meantime his payments to his men of war are full
and liberal. His rewards given to retain his private ministers
of late, as I have heard reported, are great and right notable.
For example, to the Duke of Alva towards aid of his charges
150,000 ducats; to the Duke of Sessa, Governor at Milan,
80,000 ducats; to certain other Lords (fn. 4) after the like rate. And
sure his liberality here is much spoken of [which signifieth
belike he hath wherewithal to do it.]" (fn. 5) |
|---|
| Having written thus far, word was brought to the writer
this morning that the Bishop of Arras was at good leisure.
Visiting him (to understand his inclination towards her) he
was received in very courteous manner. Told him of the
Queen's good will and desire to maintain amity; "affirming
to him that Your Majesty, for your part, was no less addicted
to the conservation and continuance of the good amity than
I had, on Your Grace's behalf, declared to the King; and
semblably well given to the observance of all such leagues and
capitulations as heretofore had passed for the better entertainment of the said good amity and intelligence, which by all
good means Your Highness would be glad for your part to
nourish and increase upon all good occasions." The Bishop reciprocated, "knowing how well inclined the King, his master,
was not only in general to the conservation of the said amity,
but particularly also towards Your Majesty, whose affairs in
the time of the reign of the late Queen, your sister, he said
he knew the King took in special recommendation. That
have I not wanted (quod I), yesterday in my conference with
the King, among other matters by her special order to
remember and yield unto the King her most special thanks
for the same, so as I trust His Majesty as in that behalf
reputeth her not for unmindful." |
|---|
| Asked how soon the King would depart ? Was answered
upon Tuesday next, to lie at a place called Zowdworke,
within a league of Flushing, there to tarry wind for his
embarking. The Bishop wished, for the corrupt air of
the place, that the King had rather here remained, seeing
it is within six hours, and "axed" whether the writer went
with the King? Answered that he could not tell till he
knew the Queen's pleasure, but that her affairs might detain
him here still. The Bishop did not make semblant once
to touch any other particular matter of England. |
|---|
| Touching his visitation of the Regent, has hitherto had
neither leisure nor opportunity, she being day by day so
occupied.—Gand, 3 August 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| P. S.—Has had such visitation with him of Ambassadors
since he was with the King that the most part of yesterday
afternoon and this day have been consumed about the same.
They say constantly that the Earl of Arran, not a week ago,
has covertly passed through this country into England,
accompanied only by one Englishman; and that Scotland
is still in arms against the Regent. (fn. 6) Others impute (by report
out of France), that all their stirring is by intelligence and
procurement out of England. The Marquis d'Elbæuf, with
thirteen ensigns of Gascons, is already embarked to pass into
Scotland, for relief of the French part. They account here that
Arran would be King, but he shall not prevail. "The house
of Guise is counted for deadly foes against us, if they may
prevail." |
|---|
| Draft, in Challoner's hol. Endd.: 1559, 3 Aug. Despatched by Ro. Farneham, at evening. Pp. 24. |
|---|
August 3.
B. M. Galba, C. i. 51. | 1115. Fair copy of the above as sent to the Queen, with the postscript in holograph, and dated 3 Aug. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. Endd. Pp. 12. |
|---|
August 3.
R.O. | 1116. Sir Thomas Challoner to the Queen. |
|---|
| Having in his former letters of the 3rd inst., mentioned a
certain discontentment and alienation of these men's minds,
the motives whereof he then smally touched, he has now
thought it good in this letter apart to inform her of some
special matters. |
|---|
August 3.
Challoner to the Queen. | These men have learned the first school point of deep
dissimulation, yet a mind alienated cannot so be covered, but
that on some side it will show itself. Omitting the vulgar
sort, the greatest of them at their houses and tables speak
unseemly of her affairs, and procure her evil subjects both
here and at home to forget their liege duty. If occasion
served, they would produce their evil meaning to effect. |
|---|
| 1. "The suit of the marriage frustrate might engender the
first grudge, whereas it was accounted almost aforehand that to
so great a Prince nothing were not feasible. Such Ministers
as were doers in it, seeing it framed not to their mind, supposing their reputation touched, have, for their own justification,
suggested the reports of things with larger glosses than the
bare matters imported." |
|---|
| 2. "The alteration of religion in England they take for
such a thing as it only they hold sufficient to descant on; and
whatever other grudge they bear us, to pretend it alone for
the whole." |
|---|
| 3. Had noted on his first coming to Gand how privy the
Count de Feria was in the most secret things of the state of
England. And indeed no marvel, for at his being there his
house was daily so stuffed with reporters on both sides as
nothing was done, ("no, I ween, under Your Grace's pardon,
about your person,") but that he knew it. That trade is
yet well holden on by the Bishop [of Aquila]. They are
marvellously well served of notice, (fn. 7) even of anything done in
the Court. The Count said to the writer he was sorry to see
her imminent ruin; that the French gaped only for their
opportunity; that we were without money, men, armour,
fortresses, practice in war, or else good captains. "And what
a Council!" quoth he; and began particularly to discourse the
Lords and others in England; concluding that unless we did
speedily take up we could not continue, so many discontented
heads being amongst us in division [nor yet long united
within such this religion] (fn. 8) And that then England would
be another Milan to set the Princes together by the ears, and
that if such a chance had not of late "bitidde" the French
King, he would not long have rested. "But," quoth he,
"you see who ruleth about their young King; the greatest
enemies ye have, verily the house of Guise. Take heed of
them. If the King, my master," quod he, "would have given
assent to their offers, ye had heard of them ere this time."
Feria also lamented that the Queen gave not her mind to
marriage, adding that if any casualty happened to her person,
her realm were undone. He verily supposes she is determined
not to marry at all. When such sayings proceed from one so
near the King she may think what others believe. But
through knowledge a remedy is the sooner provided, and
oftentimes dissimulation towards a faint friend is a virtue,
to beat him with his own weapon. ["I am sure in this Court
here be some such of our nation (namely, as I here say, Mr.
Harvye, now at Louvain,) as have notably abused their duties,
if reports made to me be all true; but in time, if I shall better
cull them. (fn. 9) ] |
|---|
| Although the Spanish so much mislike the English yet the
gentlemen of these low parts in conference take our part and
cannot endure to have us ill spoken of. Hears of no Nederlander of any account now passing with the King of Spain.
"When he is once departed, it may chance whilst he studieth
to keep Spain pure from Protestantship, he may find Flanders
at his return well advanced." (fn. 10) |
|---|
| Another great matter shows on which side these men halt.
Robert Hogysns, an English gentleman here, pensioner to the
King, lately came to Challoner (who had lately delivered to
him a letter from Mr. Secretary, to whom belike he had
written,) with this advertisement, that a little before the late
French King's death, these men, fearing the French King's
pretended titles for the Scottish Queen, sought means to solicit
and get into their hands my Lady Katherine Gray, whom
further, as events should fall out, they might either marry to
the Prince of Spain, or with some other person of less degree,
if less depended on her. By this tale they take her to be of
a discontented mind, as not regarded or esteemed by the
Queen or of her friends. (fn. 11) It were well that this Huggyns
should have some further letter of thanks from the Secretary,
willing him to write the whole discourse thereof unto the
Queen. Huggins told Challoner also of having seen part of
a letter from the Bishop of Aquila in the hands of Fra Juan
"the friar now apprehended in the ships," to this effect,
"et tanto tardar del rey hara care los Inglesese se daran a
Francia," which denotes some conspiracy. Since the French
King's death he says he hears no more of the matter. It
would not be difficult by some good means to know of my
Lady Katherine if ever anybody have made a motion unto her. (fn. 12)
Perchance it has not yet hitherto so far proceeded; but sure
these men, as ill as they love us, are jealous over France and
us, (fn. 13) and would be glad rather to take the pains themselves. |
|---|
| All this contempt arises because they repute us unarmed.
One of the Count de Feria's terms was, "that we had matter,
but we wanted form." Hopes that the next to God she will
put her surest trust in the right hand; "for I never heard
but an armed Prince had ever the quietest friendship of his
neighbours." 200 gentlemen pensioners at 100 marks apiece,
everyone with four (fn. 14) horses, swartrutters, in the whole but
1,000 horsemen, were but 20,000 marks by the year, besides
the furniture of Your Grace's Court, with servants and
gentlemen, the service and surety were great. A Prince so
banded may the boldlier command. What if order were taken
for the exercise of your subjects in armour, to have them
described into legions, as hath the Duke of Florence, at a
sudden to have 30,000 or 40,000 armed men? What Prince
will give attempt to light upon such a receipt? |
|---|
| The Rhinegrave has been with him, brought by the Queen's
servant, Mr. Barnardine Granado. The King here has clearly
given him his ransom. He talked a long time with the writer.
The French King his old master being dead, "he would,
upon an honest entertainment, meet for one of his degree,
be well inclined to serve Your Majesty before any other Prince,
namely, for religion's sake. He is a wise man, a lusty and
expert colonel, as any other of the nation." If his truth were
not to be suspected for France, a round pension were well
bestowed upon him. (fn. 15) "He did much wish and desire that
England and Scotland were conjoined, then to set not a fig at
foreign Princes' displeasures." Gave him good words and
came to no other particularity. He has returned to the French
King's coronation at Rheims. There Sir Nicholas Throgmorton, her Ambassador, may further feel his disposition.—
Flushing, 3 Aug. 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| P. S.—[Cancelled.] "I write this letter apart from the
other common letter, because it containeth more private
matter." Pp. 13. |
|---|
| Draft. Endd.: M. to the Queen. xxiij. Aug. (sic) 1559,
by Jones, sent from Flushing. |
|---|
August 3.
B. M. Galba, C. i. 39. Wright, 1. 7. | 1117. Abridged extracts from the above. |
|---|
August 3.
R. O. | 1118. Francis Edwards to Cecil. |
|---|
| His last letter was of July 25 signifying of certain ships
rigging at Newhaven, and also of horsemen that should be at
Arckes[Arques] at that time. Hearing of these preparations he
rode there, where he thought to have seen forty horsemen
named pistolers, who however had departed two days before
his coming and returned to Picardy or Boulogne, from whence
they came. Has since passed through such towns and villages
as were appointed to lodge both horse and foot that should
pass to Newhaven, but could neither see nor meet any such.
The bruit therefore is uncertain. Rode along the coast, and at
Feckam [Fêcamp] saw two ships of the burden of seven and
eight score tons the piece, preparing to go to Newhaven. At
Homflete saw two like ships making ready to serve the King. |
|---|
| After his business done there he returned to Newhaven,
where he saw the ships of Feckam come into the haven, and also
found there the two ships of Dieppe, of which he wrote in his
last letters. These six ships, with other merchant ships of like
burden, will be ready within six days, if they have their
victuals. When they come together there will be of good
ships about the number of fourteen sails; though some say
there will be twenty-five, all which will meet at Calais,
and there take in horsemen and footmen. The number of
men will be about 2,000; some say not more than 1,500.
They take in at Newhaven neither men, munition, or
provision, but victuals only; they are appointed in no
other wise than as if they should go on merchandise. The
men sent on this voyage into Scotland are to furnish the
holds that the French have there in keeping; and to remain
there till they furnish another fleet of ships, which will be
made ready after this is departed. The French King's ships
lie still unrigged, except one named the St. John, a ship of
240 tons burden; her masts and tackles are up, but she
takes in no ordnance nor anything as yet for this voyage;
some say she shall not go at this present, within five days
all will be ascertained. |
|---|
| Will be again at Newhaven within five days, but will send
thither to be sure whether there be any other stay of them
or not, as he perceived they expected some other commission
from the Court or from Calais. Will write again as soon as
he knows how things do pass.—Dieppe, 3 August 1559.
Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Hol. Add. Endd. Pp. 3. |
|---|
August 3.
R. O. | 1119. [Croftes] to Cecil. |
|---|
| Because Cecil shall hereby receive certain articles from the
Protestants of Scotland which Croftes might not conveniently
put into cipher, he has therefore sent a post to see this packet
safely delivered. |
|---|
| On 1 Aug. Mr. Knox come by sea to Holy Island, minding
to come to Sir Harry Percy and himself secretly, but at his
arrival he was so well known that his being here is published
abroad, which will breed great suspicion. Howbeit, he is so
secretly conveyed to this castle, that Croftes' speaking to him
can be suspected but not known. He delivered the offers
and requests of the Protestants, which the writer now sends.
To declare the circumstances of their meaning as Knox had
declared them to the writer, would make a large paragraph
and not easy to be understood, nor the objections thereto
answered, unless some one were there to answer them.
Understands by Mr. Knox that the Protestants mean to
leave France clearly, and to enter into amity with England
in as great and strait manner as the Queen will devise.
For that they look to be aided with men and money, and that
their whole proceedings go forth by her consent, and that
she have some men appointed to be with them, by whose
orders and counsel they may direct their doings. Cecil
must see that the enterprise that is in hand is first for
the setting forth of God's Word, and therewithal the subversion
of an estate to be altered into another form, which will not
be without charges, and peradventure cum sudore et sanguine; therefore the matter requires good deliberation, and
what aid to be given, and what charges, and when to spend
and when to spare. For his own contentment the writer
wishes he were with Cecil three hours. |
|---|
| Said to Knox he saw not how the Queen could enter
a league with them till an authority were established
among them; he said that they would elect amongst themselves whom she thought meetest. Therefore he desired that
the Earl of Arran should be sent for into England, where
he might be secretly detained for a time until wise men
might consider what is in him; and, misliking him, to put
the Prior of St. Andrew's to be the second. |
|---|
| This last night received Cecil's letter, dated after he had
despatched Whytlow, who has not yet arrived here. Has
declared the contents to Mr. Knox, who this night returns
into Scotland. Knox excuses the Protestants, for that the
Frenchmen coming upon them at Edinburgh when their
people were departed to make new provision of victuals, forced
them to make composition with the Queen. The French,
however, he says, are appointed to depart out of Scotland by
the 15th of this month, and the Protestants trust verily by
this means to be the stronger; for the Duke upon breach of
promise on the Queen's part, will take plain part with the
Protestants. |
|---|
| Mr. Treasurer's brother will instruct Cecil fully what is owing
for payment, for which Croftes trusts that Cecil will take order
shortly. Mr. Knox desires answer to the articles.—Berwick,
3 Aug. 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| P.S.—Thanks him for his opinion of the tenths which he
[Croftes] sued for, and desires that the Queen be thanked on
his behalf. |
|---|
| Orig. Hol. Endd. by Cecil: 3 Aug. 1559. Sir James
Crofts. Endd.: With Mr. Knoxees instructions. Pp. 4. |
|---|
August 3.
B.M. Tit. B. vi. 47. | 1120. English Goods arrested in Flanders. |
|---|
| Instructions as to the answers to be given to the Advocate
Fiscal by the English Factor upon the part of the English
merchants, in reference to certain transactions between them
and the subjects of the King of Spain in the Low Countries,
in reference to the sale of cloths, wools, and other things
arrested in Antwerp and Bruges. |
|---|
| Copy. P. 1. |
|---|
August 4.
R. O. Forbes, 1. 190. | 1121. Throckmorton to Cecil. |
|---|
| Wrote to the Queen and him on the 1st inst., and delivered
the letters to the steward of the Marquis of Trans, departing
that night to England, but "to provide for all wants" sends
the effect of both letters by a servant of his own, going but in
journey. Thinks this letter, enclosed in one to his wife, will
come as soon as the first. |
|---|
| August 4. | Since his previous letters has heard that the King of
Navarre has come as far as Vendôme, and is looked for here
shortly. The Prince of Condé and the Conte d'Eu, eldest
son of the Duke of Nevers, are departed towards King
Philip, whither went before them the Prince of Ferrara.
M. d'Aumale stayed at home through some displeasure
between him and his brethren about the Duchess of Valentinois, whose daughter he has married. This being a matter
of importance to her, it is thought to countervail the same
she shall be in danger to lose the fairest house she has, or
that is in Europe, called Anet, whereupon she has bestowed
all that she could make, as well in building as in other
furniture for pleasure. This sending away of the Princes of
Condé and Ferrara with the Count d'Eu to Philip is thought
to be a device to have the Prince of Condé and the Count absent
from the Court when the King of Navarre comes, and also a
practice with the Prince of Ferrara to seek to win the King
of Spain for the making of the Pope if the other die; as it is
thought he cannot escape. The French would fain make the
Cardinal of Ferrara Pope, which would be the worst of all for
the Queen. Were well done to travail by the Ambassador
with the King of Spain and with the Emperor's Ambassador
to prevent it. Will not fail to do what he can with the
Ambassador of Venice for the same purpose. The Duke of
Saxe has returned from abroad. Understands that they are
advertised here from their Ambassador in England that the
Earl of Arran has arrived there. |
|---|
| Has learnt that for France there is an accustomed seal made
with the arms of France; and for the French Queen a seal is
in making, wherein are half the arms of France in one half of
the scutcheon, and in the other half the arms of England and
Scotland are quartered; this is the pattern that is delivered
to the graver to make the said seal by. The interment
will be about the 12th or 15th of the month at the farthest;
as soon as the interment is done the King goes to Rheims
to be sacred, which is to be at as little cost as can be devised.
Begs to be fully answered and instructed. Has received no
blacks for mourning, and no more has the Ambassador of
Venice; knows not what to do. Notwithstanding he has
bought a mourning coat and cloak. |
|---|
| P.S.—Has not heard from him since 19th July.—Paris,
4 August 1559. Signed.
Orig. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd.
Pp. 4. |
|---|
August 4.
B. M. Sloane, 4134. 425. | 1122. Another copy of the above.
Forbes' transcript. |
|---|
August 4.
R. O. | 1123. Percy to Cecil. |
|---|
| Since his departure from Norham there has arrived at the
Holy Island Mr. Knox, in such unsecret sort that it is openly
known both in England and Scotland. Thinks he has not
discreetly used his coming; for the Dowager of Scotland has
sore burdened him [Percy], both by letters to my Lord of Northumberland and by message yesterday with the Lord Bothwell and Sir James Magill, that he [Percy] had conversed with
the Prior of Saint Andrew's and the residue of the Congregation. This thing will cause him to be the more mistrusted;
but for the proof thereof he is assured she cannot make it by
any means. The contents of Mr. Knox's communing Sir James
Croftes has declared to the writer that he has certified the
whole effect of his commission to Cecil. Receiving a letter
from Mr. Knox, has thought good to send it unto him, that he
may see and understand all their whole doings in this weighty
matter. Has received another from the L[ord] P[rior] concerning news which Sir James willed the writer to certify.
The writer willed the L[ord] P[rior] to use a cipher which he
sent to him, which Cecil may perceive as well by his "ticket"
as by Mr. Knox's letter. |
|---|
| Has been at Tynemouth, where, as there is not so much as
one man dwelling in the house nor yet any lying in the same,
saving one priest, he placed some of his own men there, viz.,
Ralph Lowraunce, with a dozen others. Demanded of Lady
Hilton the deliverance of the house, but she would not deliver
it to him by the indenture by which she received it. Upon
Thursday next she has promised that her indentures shall
be there ready. If he had received the house as she would
have delivered it to him, there would be neither door,
lock, key, forms nor boards, mill, brew-house, nor any
other, but only the ordnance and munition, for, as she saith,
Sir Thomas Hilton bought it all.—Berwick, 4 August 1559.
Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Add. Endd. by Cecil: Sir Henry Percy to Mr.
Secretary, with Mr. Knoxees letters. Dorso: Received at
Growbe (?) the 7 day of August at 11 of the clock at night.
Received at Nedderbe, the 7 day of August, at 3 of the clock
in the afternoon. Received at Fery . . . . . in the afternoon.
Doncaster, 7 of August, at eight of the clock at night.
Pp. 2. |
|---|
August 4.
R.O. | 1124. Croft to Cecil. |
|---|
| Whitlowe came hither yesterday, and the same night
departed with Knox into Scotland. It seems that Cecil looked
to speak with Knox, who says that in no wise he can be long
from his flock, and besides he is not himself meet to treat of
so great matters, but thinks rather to devise that M. Henry
Berneves, or some other wise man, may be sent to Cecil. It
is more than time to determine what to do, for he [Croft] sees
great peril to both the realms by "tracting" of time. Berwick,
4 August 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Mostly in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd. by
Cecil. Pp. 2. |
|---|
August 4.
B.M. Add. 5754. 50. | 1125. Secret Service Money for Sir Ralph Sadler. |
|---|
| Warrant to George Bridgman, Esq., Keeper of the Palace
of Westminster, to deliver 3,000l. to Sir Ralph Sadler, to be
by him employed according to such instructions as she shall
give him.—Eltham, 4 August, 1 Eliz. Signed by the Queen,
with seal. |
|---|
| Orig. Endd. Broadside. |
|---|
August 4.
R.O. | 1126. Winchester and Sackville to the Customers of
London. |
|---|
| They shall pay to the merchant adventurers the sum of
2,062l. 14s. 11d., (owing to them by the Queen out of a
debt of 20,000l.), out of the next money growing of their next
shipping.—Westminster, 4 August 1559. Signed: Winchester,—By Sakevyle. |
|---|
| P. 1. |
|---|
August 5.
R. O. | 1127. Challoner to Cecil. |
|---|
| This morning has been with the new Regent, the Duchess
of Parma, to congratulate her, on the Queen's behalf, on her
calling to that charge. He found her answer very gentle and
wise, as indeed she is reported a very wise lady, much experienced in matters of state. If he is to remain behind he
requests that he may be regularly accredited. |
|---|
| The King certainly departs hence on Tuesday next. He
resides near Flushing for one or two days until the wind
serves him to embark. He makes all the haste he can
possible. When the Court removes hence the writer will
return to Bergh or Middelburghe, being not far from the place
the King shall lie at. |
|---|
| It were well done to write to the western gentlemen to be
ready to show officiousness to the King if he chance to touch
[in England] by force of weather, or enter into any of the
Queen's ports on that coast.—Saturday, 5 Aug. 1559. |
|---|
| P.S.—Has this day heard more particularly of the great
gifts which the King has given to his noblemen, "above
500,000 ducats to one and other." Will send the particulars
in his next. The sums will not be paid in hand, but in two
or three years upon certain tolls and forfeitures. |
|---|
| Orig. Hol. Add. Endd. Pp. 4. |
|---|
August 5.
R.O. | 1128. Croft to Cecil. |
|---|
| Has this day received his letters dated at Otford, 1 Aug.,
and, according to his direction, has sent the letter directed out
of France to the Protestants, of whose proceedings he is in
good hope, for he has knowledge that they intend to assemble
against the Frenchmen. |
|---|
| This last night spake with Mr. James Mahil [Macgill], and
by him understands that the most part of the Scottish Queen's
Council are bent with the Protestants, therefore thinks the
matter shall go forward. Thinks he shall have occasion to
use the advice of Sir John Foster, to practise with some bor
derers. He is a very wise man; but because the Earl of
Northumberland is not his friend, he will not do anything for
fear of his displeasure, unless Cecil will by letters signify to
the writer that he may warrant Foster to cipher without
danger of the law.—Berwick, 5 Aug. 1559. Signed. |
|---|
| P.S.—"The Protestants want not persuasions sufficient for
the purpose." Signed. |
|---|
| Orig. Cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd. by Cecil. Pp. 2. |
|---|
August 5.
B.M. Vesp. F. 111. 105. | 1129. Anna, Countess of Oldenburg, to the Queen. |
|---|
| Has received letters dated 16 June, in which the Queen
thanks the writer for kindness shown to certain English, who
had resided within her dominions, while exiles on account of
religion. Thomas Thomson, or his agents, are permitted to
execute the Queen's wishes, respecting the purchase of military
stores within the states of the writer, provided they furnish
her with an accurate account of the articles so purchased by
them. Will be glad to be of service to her in any other
matter. 5 Aug. 1559. Anna nata ab Oldenborg, Delmenhorst Comes, orientalis Phrisiæ Comes, Vidua. Signed:
Anna myn hant. |
|---|
| Orig. Add., with seal. Pp. 2. |
|---|