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| June 26. | 242. Cecil to Norfolk. (fn. 1) |
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| 1. Norfolk's flock and charge do very well; is bold to meddle
therein and visit them with his eye, morning, noon, and
evening; and does what he can to relieve them with money.
Sees it impossible for them to make assurance that no boats
shall come into Dunbar with victuals, nor that on misty
nights some creeping boats may not steal into Leith. They
have strained the French to assent to all reasonable requests
of the Scots; wherein he has gotten more by brags than by
eloquence. |
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| 2. The Scots shall choose twenty-four noblemen, out of
whom the Queen of Scots shall choose seven and the Lords
five, and this Council (or the more part) shall rule Scotland.
No Frenchman shall have any office in Scotland; no man
shall lose any office, room, or promotion, by this business; no
men of war shall remain, but fifty at Dunbar and fifty at
Inchkeith, who shall be monthly mustered by the Lords of
Scotland; they shall not bring any victual or munition into
these pieces but by oversight of the Scots, and that from six
to six months. All the new fortifications in Dunbar shall be
demolished; and the men of war in them shall be answerable
to the justice of Scotland. The Scots shall remain in their
religion, as a thing the French dare not meddle with. All
the men in Leith shall be embarked at the English appointment, and the fortifications demolished by their oversight.
They shall either pay, or the French King be bond to the
Scots, for all things taken from them since the beginning of
this matter. The Duke of Châtellerault and all others shall
be restored to their estates in France. The Scots shall not
acknowledge any fault, but only require all the abovesaid
things; and for more assurance the French King and Queen
shall covenant with Elizabeth to ratify all these things to
the Scots. The only thing they yield is for the 100 men in
two places; which it also is accorded shall be treated of in the
next Parliament; and if it be found unnecessary for the realm
they shall be withdrawn. |
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| 3. The French are angered with nothing so much as that
the treaty between the Queen and the nobility of Scotland
cannot be broken. There had been no accord, as the Scots
say, without his [Cecil's] presence; he fears that without this
accord matters had proved worse than they had been hoped for.
Leith is well ordered and painfully defended. No intelligence
can be got, although the English take many. The state of
the victuals is so ordered that no private soldier, nor many
captains, can give any certain knowledge. Judges that no
battery will prevail; the hope is only in sappage, which will
cost many lives, for the French keep watch and ward without
their ditches, having cleansed them and cast the earth outward,
so that they have a walk without their ditches, and the earth
is to them as a counterscarp. On the English side there has
been worthy service; their trenches are almost a mile long,
and are not guarded by less than 1,500 men, the two forts
have betwixt them 1,800 men. There is great lack of numbers
in the bands, at muster they are full and in service not so;
either it cannot be remedied, or it cannot for respects be
attempted until they are sure of peace. |
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| 4. Lord Grey (whatever is reported) is a noble, valiant, and
careful gentleman. Randall is worth more than the writer
fears their time will consider. He is wise, painful, skilful
and no pillar or robber; finds him a very odd man for all
respects in this service. Vaughan is one able to take a great
charge; he orders his soldiers very well, and makes of rude
men good soldiers in a short time. Makes good report of the
Duke's servant, Cheute, who is skilful, honest, and painful.
Of Mr. Winter all men speak well. Is not able to write
whether or when they will be finished, until they are answered
of the letters sent by Binks, the Queen's messenger, on the 19th.
If Binks brings nothing to stay them, Cecil trusts to accord
fully on Saturday; to remove the French on Monday, to
embark their ordnance on Tuesday and Wednesday, and to
march towards Berwick with the greater part of the footmen
on Thursday. If they conclude, the new army shall return
with speed; and yet 5,000 may be chosen to remain until
they are sure of the full disarming in France.—Edinburgh,
26 June 1560. Signed. |
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| Orig. Hol. Pp. 4. |
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| June 26. | 243. Norfolk to Cecil. |
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| 1. Thanks him for his gentle letters which he received this
morning, by which he takes a good hope for peace. Would
fain make a journey thither to see somewhat for his learning
All Croftes' men are gone to London ward as they say, to
meet their master, who (by their report) comes down in great
triumph. If it be true, the Duke will learn himself not to be
so hasty in like cases again; though he thought no man
could have gone nearer a traitor and have missed than Sir
James. Prays God to make him a good man. |
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| 2. P. S.—Asks Cecil to send his opinion for his request of
seeing Leith, if things so chance.—Berwick, 26 June 1560.
Signed. |
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| Orig. Hol. Add. Endd. Pp. 2. |
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| June 26. | 244. Payne to Gresham. |
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| To-morrow the Captains look for the Commissioner to be at
Armuyden, where he will muster his mariners in every ship.
They say the Spaniards shall come down to be sent into
Spain to the number of 3,000 in all. They look for ships
every day out of Scotland at Camfer. The hulks are not
gone from the Rammekins towards Spain. There is a hoy
come in from Habelneuf, in France, who said there were six
great ships making ready and ten great hulks which brought
salt, and they were loosing their salt within these twelve
days, and that there were ships making ready at Dieppe and
Brest, but he knew of no galleys. Yet they said here that
there should be fifteen pass towards Scotland; but the hoy
says it is not so, and that the French lack money, for the most
now give the tenth penny of all their goods.—Middleburgh,
26 June 1560. Signed. |
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| Orig. Hol., with seal. Add. Endd. Pp. 2. |
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| June 27. | 245. Jasper Schetz to Gresham. |
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| Has this day seen a letter dated at Paris on the 21st inst., to
the effect that the army intended for the succour of Leith is
broken up, so that Leith is lost to the French, and must surrender. The breaking up of the expedition is due to the
good order taken by the English Admiral to intercept them.
There is great disturbance in France on account of religion,
so that the Court is very sad, and there are no great
nobles there except the Cardinal of Lorraine and the Duke
of Guise. The King does not appear in condition to carry on
any great war in Scotland or England.—Brussels, 27 June
1560. Signed.
Orig. Hol. Add. Fr. Pp. 2. |
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| June 28. | 246. The Queen to Cecil and Wotton. (fn. 2) |
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| 1. In answer to Cecil's inquiry, whether they shall break
off if the French Commissioners will not agree that the
league between her and the Scottish nobility shall continue,
she requires them to press them thereto by all the ways
they may, and in the end they may offer to have the same
matters covenanted between her and the French King and
Queen only, without any mentioning of the nobility of
Scotland to be principal contrahents, having nevertheless
a special covenant inserted that a good number of noblemen and cities both in England and Scotland shall be bond,
not only for themselves and successors, to perform the articles
of the treaty, but also to do all they may that their Princes
and Sovereigns may perform the same, in such or like form
as was agreed between King Henry VIII. and Francis; in
the treaty of perpetual peace, a copy whereof they shall
receive herewith. |
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| 2. If the French Commissioners will not agree to this,
then she must needs think that they intend nothing but
by practice to gain time to strengthen themselves, and
therefore she would have them break off any further treaty.
And as soon as they perceive that they will not conclude, her
pleasure is that they signify the same to the Duke of Norfolk, to the intent that he may with all good speed proceed
with the army for Leith, to whom she has also written
upon knowledge from thence to go forward. They may
assure the Lords of Scotland that she seeks chiefly their
security and the liberty of their realm.—Greenwich, 28 June,
2 Eliz. Signed. |
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| Orig. Add. Endd. by Cecil: Received 4 July. Pp. 3. |
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| June 28. | 247. Another copy of the above.
Modern transcript. |
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| June 28. | 248. Treaty between England and France. |
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| Extract from the treaty between Henry VIII. and Francis
referred to in the previous article, consisting of the names
of certain noblemen and towns in England and France bound
for due performance of the said treaty. |
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| Copy. Endd. by Cecil: Sent to Edinburgh from Greenwich
28 June. Lat. Pp. 3. |
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| June 28. | 249. Sir W. Petre to Cecil. |
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| 1. Encloses the Queen's letters for the explanation of the
points named in Cecil's letters of the 21st, which contain
all that might be obtained and which are sent with all the
speed that could be after the signature. Hopes they may
tend towards a good peace. This morning the Duke of
Holstein departed towards his country, being made of the
Order two days past. Perceives by the articles sent hither,
which were delivered by the Scottish Lords to the French
Commissioners, that there was no such part agreed upon for
the marriage of their Queen as has been thought; it
were of great purpose that he had a copy of this treaty.
Throckmorton is also very desirous to see them. If they
contain such matter for the liberty of Scotland, it were
good that they were sent to him. By Throckmorton's letters
Cecil will understand that the French preparations are
lately more hastened than before, and yet the Lord Admiral
has had divers men come to him who say that the preparations are in no such towardness. Jones has been sent
with letters to Throckmorton five days past, and was stayed
the longer to have carried some certainty of Cecil's doings. |
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| 2. Francis De Diaceto is come again; yesterday he was
with the Queen, but the writer knows not what news he
brings.—Greenwich, 28 June 1560. Signed. |
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| Orig. Hol. Discoloured by damp. Add. Endd. by
Cecil. Pp. 2. |
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| June 29. | 250. Norfolk to Cecil. |
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| According to Cecil's letters has despatched them to the
Court to Petre. Has spoken with the Treasurer for the
despatch of the money remaining with him to Cecil, which, if
his necessity did not much crave, they could ill have spared.
Fears that they will send the treasure that shall come from
London in such piecemeals that the Queen's service will take
want and yet never a penny saved. They have great lack of
corslets; the 700 will not stretch to ten to the 100. All the
harquebusses in store are bestowed, and yet a great many
remain unfurnished, who would willingly have them if they
were to be had for money.—Berwick, 29 June 1560. Signed. |
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| Orig. Hol., with armorial seal. Add. Endd. by Cecil.
Pp. 2. |
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| June 29. | 251. Confirmation of the Treaty of Berwick. (fn. 3) |
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| Articles suggested by the Bishop of Valence as to the confirmation of that clause in the treaty of Berwick on 27 Feb.
between the Queen of England and the Scottish nobility,
which relates to the conservation of liberty and the preservation of peace between England and Scotland, together with
various modifications of the same, the last of which is in
Cecil's hand. |
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| Draft. Endd. by Cecil: Sentence sent by Mgr. De Valence,
29 Junii 1560. Lat. Pp. 2. |
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| June 29. | 252. Gresham to Parry. |
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| 1. In his last of the 25th the writer sent the particulars of
Daniel Wolfstadt's demand for the refining of the English
base money. His friend A. [Schetz] has come home, and says
that whereas the Vice-Admiral De Wacken was sent to Zealand for the arming of certain ships, it is because the 4,400
Spaniards shall presently depart, and certain captains have
made request to the Regent that the eight ships might be
otherwise armed. A reward to Payne and Henry Garbrand
at Dunkirk of forty or fifty crowns apiece will be better given
than kept. |
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| 2. On the 26th instant he shipped fifteen pieces of velvets
in three English and two Dutch ships. There comes no more
saltpetre out of Germany, as he has bought all in, having in
readiness with that he has sent home already above 300,000
weight. Has and will send home to the sum of 400,000
weight, which amounts to 25,000l. at least. Begs that there
may be order given for the secret taking in of this provision
to the Tower. Has corrupted the chief searcher, who is all
his doer, and right honestly deserves a worthy reward, as by
him and through his advice Gresham is doing daily. If it
were perceived, there is no other way than death with the
searcher and him that enters it at the customs. Intends to
venture in every ship that departs three or four pieces of
velvets. |
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| 3. Trusts that the three ships from Hamburg with the
9,000l. worth of provisions, and that from Bremen with the
Cologne cleves, are safely arrived; has written to his servant
to send away the rest by 3,000l. in a ship. |
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| 4. Wrote on the 24th of the conversation of the chief
customer with a friend of his touching the shipping of velvets
and obtaining of passports; it were well if the Queen wrote
for passports for 200 barrels of powder. Robert Hogan, who
has returned from Louvain, says that the old Lady Dormer
would in no wise speak to the Abbot of Salute for fear of
offending the Queen, and that she lives very worshipfully
and quietly at Louvain. He recommends the Queen to help
Hogan to some stipend. |
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| 5. On the 26th A. [Schetz] went to Court again, from
whom he has received a letter of the 27th, which he encloses,
on the affairs of France. Perceives that it is not the Queen's
pleasure that he should come home. Complains bitterly of
the Lord Treasurer's accusations touching the transport of the
provisions, respecting which he enters into explanations, and
says that if the Queen had been privy to his letters written
to Cecil she would have been able to answer for him. In
point of money matters he has but 300l. by him, and the
Queen is in his debt. Calls to mind the promise that the
Queen made him at Hatfield when she came to the crown,
that she would always keep one ear shut to hear him, and
that if he served her she would give him as much as ever
both King Edward and Queen Mary did; which caused him
to enter on this great charge again with heart and courage.
Humbly thanks him for his comfortable letters, whereby he
perceives the Queen accepts his advertisements in good part. |
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| 6. The loss at Tripoli is great. The Emperor has concluded
a peace with the Turk, which the latter has broken. They
say that the Pope has committed the Cardinals of Caraffa,
Naples, and Sermonette to prison, and has confiscated
Caraffa's goods and also ready money to the amount of
300,000 crowns. Has heard nothing from Clough for the
money of Count Mansfeld, to whom he gave commission not
to tarry. Desires licence to return home for the delivery of
his accounts. Parry's son is in good health; he desires him to
augment his stipend.—Antwerp, 29 June 1560. Signed. |
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| Orig. Hol. Add. Endd. Pp. 6. |
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| June 29. | 253. Correspondence from Flanders. |
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| Abstracts of Gresham's and Payne's letters of the 29th and
26th June. Note after Gresham's letter, for him to give in
his next advertisement of the number of cloths arrived at
Antwerp since Michaelmas twelvemonth. |
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| Endd. Pp. 4. |
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| June 30. | 254. Throckmorton to the Queen. |
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| 1. On the 28th Jones arrived here with commendatory
letters from the Queen and the Lords of the Council. In his
of the 24th the writer advertised the great preparations of
the French by sea; now by his ministers at Dieppe, Fécamp,
Newhaven, Honfleur, and Harfleur, and other places he is
informed that they cannot set forth any number of ships in
all July, and if they put forth any small number they mean
thereby to make a show to do some sudden enterprise. The
Admiral of France is at Newhaven with preparations, where
are four ensigns of foot; the eight from Piedmont remain at
Orleans to keep the town and country about quiet. |
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| 2. On the 27th M. De Bueil, bastard to the Count Sansac
and lieutenant to the Duke of Longueville, arrived at the
Court from Scotland, and on the 29th was despatched back
in post towards the Commissioners at Edinburgh with instructions to treat for longer abstinence and procure a truce
for three years; he trusts that she will take her present
advantage of them. She may have what composition she
will at their hands. The French Queen was not told till the
28th of her mother's death; whereupon the King and she
have taken again their mourning weeds. The Pope has
lately caused the Cardinals Caraffa, Naples, and De Monte,
with the Duke of Palliano, to be imprisoned in St. Angelo,
under such colour as is thought that they will be degraded,
and all four lose their estates, if not their lives; their judgment is referred to six Cardinals. The Pope has sent to the
Emperor and the King of Spain to appoint the calling of a
Council at Trent, where he will be present himself; for like
purpose the Bishop of Viterbo is sent to the French King,
who will remain resident instead of the other Ambassador.
As for the sending of the Abbot of Salute, the cause thereof
proceeded from some personages of appearance in England,
who signified to the Pope that most part of her subjects of
the greatest sort were against the religion she set up, and
advised him to send some one, naming the same Abbot as
being well known in England. |
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| 3. The Turks have besieged Gerbes, the Viceroy of Sicily
and young Andrea Doria escaped thence in a skiff and arrived
in Sicily. There is at Gerbes for general one Don Antonio
D'Alvaro, with 2,000 Spaniards and four months' victuals.
The Turks number 12,000, and those of the island are revolted from King Philip. The Spanish Ambassadors conceive
great unkindness that the French do not offer aid to King
Philip, as he did to them unrequired, for the repressing their
rebels at home and in Scotland. The French look that he
first make request unto them. In that "they have a wolf
by the ear," for in not using like kindness towards the King
of Spain that he used towards them there will grow a jealousy
between them, and in granting him succours they shall
hazard their league with the Turk. The French King is in
these parts at a house of his called St. Legier, where his race
of horses are; he minds to remain there twelve days, and
thence to depart towards Fontainebleau. He will do the
ceremony of his father's "year's mind" before he go thither
at an abbey in this country. He has proclaimed at Rouen
that no man under a great penalty shall call another Heretic
or Papist.—Houdan, the last of June 1560. Signed. |
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| Orig. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd.
Pp. 4. |
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| June 30. | 255. Throckmorton to the Lords of the Council. |
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| 1. Received on the 28th their letter of the 25th, by
Mr. Jones. Repeats the information contained in his letter
to the Queen, of the same date, concerning the French
preparations for war, M. De Bueil's commission into Scotland,
the escape of Medina Cœli and young Doria, and the state
of affairs at Gerbes; the expectation of the King of Spain
that the French would assist him, the accusation of the three
Cardinals of treason, extortion, and theft, and the steps
taken for a General Council at Trent. The French King goes
from St. Legier to Dampierre, a house of the Cardinal of Lorraine, and after some ceremony for his father's twelve months'
mind at St. Denis, or thereabouts, he goes to Fontainbleau.
"The death of the Queen Dowager of Scotland was ill taken
here. It was not broken to the French Queen, her daughter,
till the 28 inst., though they had news thereof on the 18, and
now they mourn for her."—Houdan, 30 June 1560. Signed. |
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| 2. P. S.—30 June 1560. The double hereof is sent to the
Lord Admiral. |
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| 1. At Newhaven are ten hulks from Brouage with salt
stayed, and in wage with the King; all the hoys they can
get they take to unlade the said hulks, at present but two
are unladen. They carry six or eight iron pieces a side. |
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| 2. There are also four King's ships not yet ready. |
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| 3. At Honfleur are two fair ships from Brazil stayed to
serve the King. |
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| 4. At Dieppe is the Carrick, two of the King's ships, and
certain merchant ships stayed, ready to be put in order. |
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| 5. The Admiral of France returned to Newhaven the 20th
of June, and took muster of four ensigns of foot lying thereabouts. |
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| 6. They make their provisions there in sort as he wrote
them in his last despatch. |
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| 7. Such other merchant ships as should have gone to
Guinea, Brazil, Biscay, Candy, and other places, are all stayed
for the service of the King. |
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| Orig., with armorial seal. Portions in cipher deciphered.
Add. Endd. Pp. 5. |
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| June 30. | 256. Throckmorton to Cecil. |
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| Has heard nothing from him by M. De Bueil, who told
Mr. Somers on the 26th June, upon his arrival at St. Legier,
that he had in good season been made privy to his coming.
Unless he be greatly deceived M. De Bueil is upon his last
despatch, with commission to agree to all demands rather
than to fall to extremities, and nevertheless to use all possible
means for delay. The French ships cannot be fully ready by
the end of July, and then in no such full number but that
the English will be double in force.—Houdan, the last of
June 1560. Signed. |
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| Orig. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd.
by Cecil. Pp. 2. |
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| June 30. | 257. Throckmorton to Sir William Petre. |
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| Has received his by Mr. Jones. Has delivered this packet
to Barnesby, a merchant, the bearer hereof, who goes by the
way of Rouen and Dieppe, and has promised to consider as
much as he can of the doings on the sea coast, and report to
Petre thereof. Prays him to encourage him, and if he returns hither to advise him of that which is meet. Has given
Barnesby ten crowns for his passage; if he deserves more prays
him to be a means that consideration be given to him. Has
written to Cecil and begs Petre to forward it. Writes also
to the Lord Admiral, and asks Petre to decipher the letter
and memorial before sending them.—Houdan, the last of June
1560. Signed. |
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| Orig. Portions in cipher, deciphered. Add. Endd. Pp. 2. |
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| June 30. | 258. The Earl of Huntly to Cecil. |
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| At his departure from Edinburgh the writer understood
nothing of Cecil's coming to this realm, by reason of the
Duke of Norfolk's writing to hasten their Commissioners to
Newcastle; otherwise no present occasion would have caused
him to have been unspoken with him. Has been desirous to
speak with Cecil, whom he thanks for his labours in setting
the realm at liberty. Would be happy to do any thing in
his power for the Queen's service in this realm. Albeit the
Dowager is dead, yet her practices are alive in these parts.
Refers Cecil to the bearer, the servant of the writer.—Huntly,
last of June 1556 [sic]. Signed. |
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| Orig., the body of the letter in Knox's hand, the conclusion
and signature by the Earl. Add. by Knox. Endd. by Cecil:
Ult. Junii 1560. Pp. 2. |
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